Review: Circulation

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Review Circulation Transport
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Blood Liquid Tissue

• Functions
• Carries food oxygen
• Carries waste products
• Carries hormones
• Carries enzymes
• Provides antibodies and WBCs for defense
• Controls H2O and acidity of the body
• Distributes heat
• Provides a blood clotting mechanism

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Blood composition

• 45 RBCs, WBCs, Platelets
• 54 Plasma-carries wastes, nutrients, hormones
• 1 Blood proteins

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Red Blood Cells-Erythrocytes

• Disc-shaped to increase surface area
• No nuclei as adult cells
• Contains hemoglobin
• Lasts 120 days
• Made in red bone marrow
• Removed by liver spleen

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White Blood Cells- Leukocytes

• Have a distinct nucleus
• Colorless
• Phagocytes used for defense
• 1 WBC / 750 RBC healthy ratio

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Platelets

• Cytoplasm fragments of stem cells of the bone
  marrow
• Used for blood clotting

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Blood types factors
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Rh Factor

• What is the Rh Factor?
• Red blood cells carry proteins on their surfaces.
  The Rhesus factor, or Rh, is a protein carried by
  some individuals. If a person's red blood cells
  carry Rh, they are considered to be "Rh
  Positive." If not, they are "Rh Negative." The
  Rhesus factor is named for the Rhesus monkey, in
  which it was first discovered.

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Erythroblastosis fetalis (RH
disease)
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Closed Circulatory System (a network of tubes)

• Arteries
• blood away from the heart
• thick muscular walls
• deeper in skin
• usually O2 rich
• high blood pressure
• elastic
• Aorta-largest artery

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Circulation Diseases

• Heart attack
• Arthrosclerosis
• Hypertension
• Stroke
• Heart murmur
• Congestive heart failure

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Closed Circulatory System (a network of tubes)

• Veins
• Carries blood towards the heart
• Found shallow in the skin
• Carries usually deoxygenated blood
• ONE-WAY VALVES
• Use muscular contractions for flow
• Thin layered
• Valves break down sometimes forming varicose
  veins

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Closed Circulatory System (a network of tubes)

• Capillaries
• Single cell layer thick
• Connect venules (small veins) and arterioles
  (small arteries)
• Major area for diffusion of materials. What
  materials????
• Capillary sphincter muscles

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Heart 4 chambered

• Do you know the pathway for blood flow?

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Blood Pressure

• Systolic-contraction of the ventricles
• Diastolic relaxation of the ventricles
• 120/80

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Open Heart Surgery
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Lymphatic System

• Circulatory sub system
• Collects intercellular fluids and returns them to
  the blood
• Carries O2 and food to cells that are not in
  direct contact with the capillaries (also carries
  wastes away from the cells)

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Lymph nodes

• Specialized tissues that make WBCs
• Swell with an infection due to the over
  production of WBCs