Introduction of Simulation by GEANT4

1
Introduction of Simulation by GEANT4

• Jeng-Lun, Chiu
• Institute of Physics, NTHU
• 2006/06/22

2
Whats GEANT4

• Geant4 (GEometry ANd Tracking) is a toolkit for
  the simulation of the passage of particles
  through matter.
• Its application areas include high energy,
  nuclear and accelerator physics, as well as
  studies in medical and space science.

3
Applications

• Space Radiation
• SEPTIMESS
• Space Energetic Particle Transport and
  Interaction Modeling studies
• REAT
• Radiation Effects Analysis Tools
• INTAS
• High-Energy Interplanetary Radiation Fields and
  Radiation Effect Simulation for Spacecraft
  Missions
• European Space Agency
• Energetic Particle Shielding and Interaction
  Tools
• XMM-Newton Radiation Environment
• Space Environment Information System (SPENVIS)
• DESIRE
• The aim of the DESIRE project is to calculate the
  radiation levels inside the Columbus
  International Space Station (ISS) module, and
  from these estimate the doses received by
  astronauts and equipment.
• GLAST
• Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope

• High Energy Physics
• BaBar
• The BaBar simulation reproduces in detail the
  generation of events at the interaction point,
  the propagation of the resulting particles
  through the detector and the response of the
  detector to these particles. Detector response
  quantities are then used to construct candidate
  events which may analyzed as if they were real
  data.
• ATLAS (LHC)
• Brief description of how GEANT4 is used in the
  ATLAS Detector Simulation.
• OSCAR (LHC)
• Brief description of how GEANT4 is used in the in
  the Object oriented Simulation for CMS Analysis
  and Reconstruction.
• GAUSS (LHC)
• Brief description of how GEANT4 is used in the
  Gauss simulation program of the LHCb experiment.
• ALICE
• Brief description of how GEANT4 is used in the
  ALICE Geant4 Simulation.

• Medical
• GATE
• Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission

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Source codes

• GEANT4 - Main
• The Geant4 source code ( geant4.8.0.p01.gtar.gz )
• GEANT4 - Data
• Neutron data files with thermal cross sections
  (G4NDL version 3.8) ( G4NDL.3.8.tar.gz )
• Neutron data files without thermal cross sections
  (G4NDL version 0.2) ( G4NDL.0.2.tar.gz )
• Data files for low energy electromagnetic
  processes (version 3.0) ( G4EMLOW.3.0.tar.gz )
• Data files for photon evaporation (
  PhotonEvaporation.2.0.tar.gz )
• Data files for radioactive decay hadronic
  processes (version 3.0) ( RadiativeDecay.3.0.tar.g
  z )
• Data files for high energy elastic scattering
  processes (version 1.1) ( G4ELASTIC.1.1.tar.gz )
• GEANT4 - Additional Required Software
• CLHEP A Class library for High Energy Physics (
  clhep-1.9.2.2-slc3-ia32-gcc344.tgz )
• DAWN Visualization software (a PostScript
  renderer ) ( dawn_3_88a.taz )
• ROOT An Object-Oriented Data Analysis Framework
  ( root_v5.11.06.Linux.slc4.gcc3.4.5.tar )

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File Structure Tree (1)
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Now Installing

• Check the Operating Systems and Required
  Software (C complier, CLHEP library, GNU Make,
  G4 toolkit source code). (also software for
  visualization and analysis)
• Type ./Configure build under the folder
  geant4.8.0.p01.
• Then follow the on-screen instructions to set the
  path in the system where Geant4 libraries should
  be installed later on.
• Set other paths manually in /.bashrc for
  CLHEP, data-files, Geant4 files after
  compilation, and etc
• Completion of installation?!
• In addition, install the hadronic physics lists
  manually under G4INSTALL/physics_lists/hadronic
  .

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Note!!

• It is better to fully install the Linux-system!!!
  
• Interrupting the installation of GEANT4 and
  reworking may cause some errors due to the
  unclear settings of paths!!
• Dont forget to install the hadronic physics
  lists manually!

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File Structure Tree (2)
9
Now Starting
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Novice Examples

• Descriptions of the six novice examples are
  provided here along with links to the code.
• 1. ExampleN01 (Description below)
• Mandatory user classes
• Demonstrates how Geant4 kernel works
• 2. ExampleN02 (Description below)
• Simplified tracker geometry with uniform magnetic
  field
• Electromagnetic processes
• 3. ExampleN03 (Description below)
• Simplified calorimeter geometry
• Electromagnetic processes
• Various materials
• 4. ExampleN04 (Description below)
• Simplified collider detector with a readout
  geometry
• Full ordinary processes
• PYTHIA primary events
• Event filtering by stack
• 5. ExampleN05 (Description below)
• Simplified BaBar calorimeter

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Example N02
/N02/ (main programs inside)

• GNUmakefile
• History
• README
• run1.mac
• run2.mac
• vis.mac

• exampleN02.cc
• exampleN02.err
• exampleN02.in
• exampleN02.large_N.in
• exampleN02.out

/N02/include/.hh (Announcement of all
parameters and programs) /N02/src/.cc (all the
related programs)

• ExN02ChamberParameterisation
• ExN02DetectorConstruction
• ExN02DetectorMessenger
• ExN02EventAction
• ExN02MagneticField
• ExN02PhysicsList

• ExN02PrimaryGeneratorAction
• ExN02RunAction
• ExN02SteppingAction
• ExN02SteppingVerbose
• ExN02TrackerHit
• ExN02TrackerSD

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File Structure Tree (3)
gmake
13
Some tests
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Note for tests

• .mac visproton run1mu- run2proton with
  B
• exampleN02
• 00,01 lt- vis.mac 60,120 deg.
• 02,03 lt- vis.mac 90,180 deg.
• 04,05,06 lt- run1.mac visualization with
  vis.mac parameters
• 07 lt- run2.mac visualization with
  vis.mac parameters
• 08 lt- run2.mac visualization with
  vis.mac parameters beam 100
• Test_program (TEST_II)
• (ExN02DetectorConstruction_ZhongKai.cc
  Test_program_ZK)
• 09,10 lt- vis.mac 60,120
• 11,12 90,180
• 13 90,0
• 14,15 120,120
• 16,17,18 lt- run1.mac 60120
• 19,20,21 lt- run2.mac B10T 60,120 beam1
• (22,2390,180 2490,0
  25120,120 2690,90)
• (2760,0 2860,30 2960,90
  3060,120 3160,150)

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Geant4 advanced examples

• g-ray telescope
• X-ray telescope
• Underground physics and radiation background
• X-ray fluorescence
• Brachytherapy

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Within the recent 2 months
( 1 month )

• Downloading GEANT4 source codes
• and preparing the necessary programs
• (CLHEP, ROOT, DAWN)
• Installing and setting paths
• Understanding novice example (N02)
• Changing parameters (TEST_II)

To be continued
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Reference

• http//geant4.web.cern.ch/geant4/index.shtml
  (GEANT4)
• http//atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/SOFTWARE/OO/
  simulation/geant4/photoalbum.html (photo
  gallery)
• http//www.ge.infn.it/geant4/events/pisa_jan2006/g
  eant4lectures.html (GEANT4 Short Course 2006 ---
  Lecture Notes (INFN Pisa, Pisa (Italy),
  12-01-06))
• http//proj-clhep.web.cern.ch/proj-clhep/INSTALLAT
  ION/clhep-1.9.html (CLHEP)
• http//root.cern.ch/ (ROOT)
• http//geant4.kek.jp/GEANT4/vis/ (DAWN-download)
• http//cern.ch/geant4/G4UsersDocuments/Overview/ht
  ml (User Guide)

Thank You