Energetic Protons Observed by NOAAPOSE

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Energetic Protons Observed by NOAA-POSE
00 UT, 28 October 2003
107
30-80 keV
80-240 keV
240-800 keV
Protons/cm2-sec
1
104
6.9-16 MeV
16-35 MeV
2.5-6.9 MeV
Protons/cm2-sec
10-2
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Energetic Protons Observed by NOAA-POSE
06 UT, 29 October 2003
107
80-240 keV
240-800 keV
30-80 keV
Protons/cm2-sec
1
104
6.9-16 MeV
16-35 MeV
2.5-6.9 MeV
Protons/cm2-sec
10-2
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Change of Electron Density due to SEPs
Southern Polar Cap
Northern Polar Cap
October 27 November 5, 2003
October 27 November 5, 2003
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Riometer Absorption at South Pole (Courtesy of
Alan Weatherwax)
Oct 28
Oct 29
Oct 31
Oct 30
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Absorption from the SGO Riometer Chain
Courtesy of Andrew Kavanagh
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Changes of NOX (NONO2) and Ozone due to SEPs
NOX
NOX
O3
O3
October 27 December 31, 2003
October 27 December 31, 2003
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TN During Flare at 450 km
Oct 28 1200UT
Oct 28 1400UT
Oct 28 1000UT
Oct 28 1600UT
Oct 28 1800UT
Oct 28 2000UT
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Difference TN During Flare at 450 km
Oct 28 1200UT
Oct 28 1400UT
Oct 28 1000UT
Oct 28 1600UT
Oct 28 1800UT
Oct 28 2000UT
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• What we know about effects of SEPs and solar
  flares on the ionosphere/upper atmosphere
• SEPs cause gt 2 orders of magnitude increase in Ne
  in the D-region
• Causing long-term changes of neutral composition
  in the mesosphere and upper stratosphere
• Thermospheric temperature, neutral density, and
  TEC all increase in the thermosphere due to flares

• What we dont know
• How deep SEPs can penetrate to the Mars upper
  atmosphere
• The short and long-term effects how different or
  similar compared to the terrestrial upper
  atmosphere/ionosphere

What we need to get there Using comprehensive
observations to constrain GCMs for Mars
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Difference TN During Storm at 450 km
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