Between the Wars

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YEARS OF CRISIS

• No battles fought on US soil
• Roaring 20s
• Brief Prosperity

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Roaring 20s

• Plenty of Money
• Fun, Jobs, Parties
• First fears of Communism arise

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Depression

• BLACK TUESDAY
• October 29, 1929
• US Stock Market Crashes
• Start of Great Depression
• 1 out of every 4 Americans was jobless (by 1933
  13 million)
  
• Unemployment rose 800

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F.D.R.

• Franklin D. Roosevelt elected President in 1932
• New Deal Policies
• Creation of Jobs
• TVA, Built roads, Etc..

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• Fear of another World War and its effects caused
  most Americans to want to remain isolated

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Great Britain

• Economic Difficulties
• General Strike in 1926
• Started by the coal miners, by May 4 all walk off
  of their jobs
  
• Strike failsParliament passes law making general
  strikes illegal

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Labor Party

• Brought about by Failure of General Strike
• Socialist ideas and politicians begin to rise in
  power
  
• Causes a greater fear in the free world

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Ireland

• Demands for a free state
• Despite independence for Southern Ireland.

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France

• Struggles after devastation of WWI
• HALF OF THE MALES BETWEEN AGES 18-32 WERE KILLED
  IN WWI

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France

• Economy suffering
• Leads to the rise of Socialist Party
• Leon Blum a socialist become Prime Minister in
  1934

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Totalitarianism

• Idea that a dictatorial government should control
  all aspects of citizens lives.

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Italy

• Benito Mussolini
• 1919 Formed Fascist Party
• Fascismglorification of the state with a strong
  ruler and aggressive nationalism.

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Italy

• Unrest spreads to all areas of Italy
• People fear a Communist Revolution

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Mussolini

• Mussolinis Army Black Shirts Brutal Tactics
  to gain and hold support
  
• Mussolini wins election
• Due mainly to FEAR

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Italy

• Mussolini becomes IL Duce (the leader).
• Bans all non-fascists parties and orders
  syndicates to be formed
  
• Many Italians opposed the Fascist System
• RECAPTURE THE GREATNESS OF ROME

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Germany

• Weimar Republic 1919-1933
• Many Germans felt that the Weimer had betrayed
  them by signing the Treaty of Versailles
  
• Reparations to France 35 Billion Dollars
• France takes the Ruhr industrial valley as payment

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Germany

• High Inflation
• 1923-4 trillion marks 1 US Dollar, before war
  41
  
• French leave Ruhr US loans
• The Nazi Party formed to offer new ideas.
• NATIONAL SOCIALIST WORKERS PARTY

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Germany

• Adolf Hitler
• WWI veteran
• Brown Shirts
• Formed by Hitler
• Private army of young veterans and street thugs.

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Hitler

• He is arrested in 1923 for attempting to start a
  revolution.
  
• While in prison, he writes Mein Kampf

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Hitler

• Mein Kampf (my struggle)
• Blamed the Jews and Communists for Germany losing
  WWI.
  
• Roots of the Holocaust

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Hitler and Politics

• The National Socialist Workers Party (Nazi) begin
  to win new voters
  
• Hitler is elected to the legislature
• Uses fear of Communism to get elected

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Hitlers power grows

• Hitler becomes more powerful as his propaganda
  machine puts out more more information
  
• He starts rumors about a communist revolution

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Hitler

• Hitler is given emergency powers to deal with the
  communist threat.
  
• Hitler takes total control and forms the Third
  Reich.1000 YEARS

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Hitler

• DER FUHRER HITLER CONTROLS EVERYTHING
• Art, music, science, etc
• POWER OF PROPAGANDA ON THE YOUTH OF GERMANY

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Comintern

• In 1919, communist leaders form the Comintern to
  help spread communism throughout the world

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Russia

• Lenin in power Russia 1921-1924
• Rebuilds Russian Economy
• New Economic Policy NEP
• HEAVY INDUSTRY
• 1922 Russia becomes the Union of Soviet Socialist
  Republics USSR

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VLADIMIR LENIN
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After Lenin

• Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin battle for
  leadership after the death of Lenin
  
• Stalin wins and Trotsky flees the country
• Trotsky is assassinated in Mexico

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Stalin Rules

• UNDER COMMUNISM THE SOVIET UNION BECOMES AN
  INDUSTRIAL LEADER
  
• LIFE FOR THE SOVIET CITIZEN IS HARSH

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Stalin

• POWER BY FEAR
• CREATES THE KGB TO UNSURE DOMESTIC SUBSERVIAENCE

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Red Purge

• HAS 0VER 11 MILLION DISODENTS KILLED MANY
  OTHERS ARE EXILED
  
• THESE EVENTS ARE CALLED PURGES
• STARTED IN 1926