LarcenyTheft, Fraud, WhiteCollar and Environmental Crime

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Chapter 14

• Larceny/Theft, Fraud, White-Collar and
  Environmental Crime

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Larceny/Theft

• Larceny/theft is the unlawful taking, carrying,
  leading or driving away of property from the
  possession of another.
• Both larceny and burglary are crimes against
  property, but larceny, unlike burglary, does not
  involve illegally entering a structure. Larceny
  differs from robbery in that no force or threat
  of force is involved.

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Elements of the CrimeLarceny/Theft

• The felonious stealing, taking, carrying, leading
  or driving away,
• Of anothers personal goods or property,
• Valued above (grand) or below (petty) a specified
  amount,
• With the intent to permanently deprive the owner
  of the property or goods.

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Classification of Larceny/Theft

• The categories of larceny/theft are grand
  larceny, a felony, and petty larceny, a
  misdemeanor, based on the value of the property
  stolen.
• In most states taking found property with the
  intent to keep or sell it is a crime.

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Types of Larceny/Theft

• Purse snatching
• Picking pockets
• Theft from coin machines
• Shoplifting
• Employee theft
• Bicycle theft

• Theft from motor vehicles
• Theft from buildings
• Theft of motor vehicle accessories
• Mail Theft
• Jewelry theft

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Other Types of Larceny/Theft

• Art theft
• Numismatic theft, coins, metals and paper money
• Agricultural theft
• Fish and Wildlife theft
• Cargo theft

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Fraud

• An intentional deception to cause a person to
  give up property or some lawful right. It differs
  from theft in that fraud uses deceit rather than
  stealth to obtain goods illegally.
• Telemarketing fraud costs about 40 billion
  annually.
• Health care fraud costs 30 billion a year.

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Types of Fraud

• Confidence games
• Real estate fraud
• Telephone fraud
• Mail fraud
• Counterfeiting checks, debit or credit cards
• Counterfeiting money

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Other types of Fraud

• Easy-credit scams
• Bogus prize offers
• Phony home repairs
• Travel scams
• Cyber-scams
• Identify Fraud

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Telephone Fraud

• Slamming
• Cramming
• Gouging
• Sliding
• Jamming
• Fluffing

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White-Collar Crime

• Illegal acts characterized by fraud, concealment,
  or a violation of trust, which are not dependent
  upon the actual or threatened use of physical
  force or violence.

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Types of White-Collar Crime

• Securities theft and fraud
• Insurance fraud
• Credit-card and check fraud
• Consumer fraud, illegal competition and deceptive
  practices

• Bankruptcy fraud
• Computer-related fraud
• Embezzlement and pilferage
• Bribes, kickbacks and payoffs
• Receiving stolen property

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Environmental Crime

• Awareness of environmental crimes and the
  penalties that accompany them has increased
  dramatically over the years.
• The main problems in investigating environmental
  crimes are understanding the numerous laws
  regarding what constitutes environmental crime
  and collaborating with civil regulatory agencies.

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