Where to Buy Hazelnuts 25 july 17

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Where to Buy Hazelnuts
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Description

• This discovery gives an insight into communal
  activity and planning in the period. The nuts
  were harvested in a single year, and pollen
  analysis suggests the hazel trees were all cut
  down at the same time.The scale of the activity,
  unparalleled elsewhere in Scotland, and the lack
  of large game on the island, suggest the
  possibility that Colonsay contained a community
  with a largely vegetarian diet for the time they
  spent on the island. The pit was originally on a
  beach close to the shore, and was associated with
  two smaller, stone-lined pits whose function
  remains obscure, a hearth, and a second cluster
  of pits.
• Hazelnuts do not generally need to be toasted
  indeed, Kentish cobnuts are still sold fresh.
  Presumably toasting was done to make them more
  digestible for children. Toasting the nuts was
  thought to increase how long they would keep, and
  historically, they have been a useful food for
  mariners because they keep well.
• Well documented throughout history, hazel has
  been grown in coppices for use in wattle and
  daub buildings and in hedges. The Romans
  cultivated hazelnuts, including in Britain,
  although no evidence indicates they spread
  specific cultivars. Cultivated varieties have
  been grown since at least the sixteenth century,
  with a great increase in varieties during the
  nineteenth century. In particular, the first
  widespread cultivar, the 'Kentish Cobnut', was
  introduced in 1830.
• The traditional method to increase nut production
  is called 'butting', which involves prompting
  more of the trees' energy to go into flower bud
  production, by snapping, but not breaking off,
  the tips of the new year shoots' six or seven
  leaf groups from the join with the trunk or
  branch, at the end of the growing season.The
  traditional term for an area of cultivated
  hazelnuts is a plat.

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• Ferrero Group is a confectionery manufacturing
  company which produces a line of chocolates and
  chocolate spreads with hazelnut as the main
  ingredient. The company is the largest buyer of
  world hazelnuts (25). The company procures
  hazelnut from Oltan, the world's largest
  manufacturer of processed hazelnuts with a market
  share of 25 to 30. Ferrero purchases almost 70
  of Oltan's hazelnut production. Recently, there
  was crop damage owing to which the harvest of
  hazelnut crop is low. This has increased the
  prices of hazelnut.
• One of the customers (Esha in the case) is
  concerned about the price increase of Nutella
  owing to such hazelnut supply issues. Hazelnut is
  a major ingredient of this chocolate spread. Esha
  is considering Ferrero's vertical integration, in
  which it may decide to purchase large producers
  such as Oltan. Further, she is also evaluating
  the implication of such a strategy on final
  market prices of Nutella.
• Hazelnuts are harvested annually in mid-autumn.
  As autumn comes to a close, the trees drop their
  nuts and leaves. Most commercial growers wait for
  the nuts to drop on their own, rather than using
  equipment to shake them from the tree. The
  harvesting of hazelnuts is performed either by
  hand or, by manual or mechanical raking of fallen
  nuts.

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• Four primary pieces of equipment are used in
  commercial harvesting the sweeper, the
  harvester, the nut cart, and the forklift. The
  sweeper moves the nuts into the center of the
  rows, the harvester lifts and separates the nuts
  from any debris (i.e. twigs and leaves), the nut
  cart holds the nuts picked up by the harvester,
  and the forklift brings a tote to offload the
  nuts from the nut cart and then, stacks the totes
  to be shipped to the processor (nut dryer).
• The sweeper is a low-to-the-ground machine that
  makes two passes in each tree row. It has a 2 m
  (6 ft 7 in) belt attached to the front that
  rotates to sweep leaves, nuts, and small twigs
  from left to right, depositing the material in
  the center of the row as it drives forward. On
  the rear of the sweeper is a powerful blower to
  blow material left into the adjacent row with air
  speeds up to 90 m/s (300 ft/s). Careful grooming
  during the year and patient blowing at harvest
  may eliminate the need for hand raking around the
  trunk of the tree, where nuts may accumulate. The
  sweeper prepares a single center row of nuts
  narrow enough for the harvesting tractor to drive
  over without driving on the center row. It is
  best to sweep only a few rows ahead of the
  harvesters at any given time, to prevent the
  tractor that drives the harvester from crushing
  the nuts that may still be falling from the
  trees. Hazelnut orchards may be harvested up to
  three times during the harvest season, depending
  on the quantity of nuts in the trees and the rate
  of nut drop as a result of weather

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Thank You

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