Fundamental Design Tools

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Fundamental Design Tools

• Chapter 2

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Brainstorming

• Five to fifteen individuals
• Discussion leader restates problem and reiterates
  rules of discussion
• Individuals suggest ideas
• Evaluate ideas at conclusion of discussion
• Useful for new ideas / deadlock
• Drawback relies on willingness to speak up

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Class Design Problem

• Ear Wax

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Six individuals

• Useful in systematic approach and large numbers
  of ideas

• Drawback isolation, no group synergy

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Delphi Model
Resultant response list is reordered and evaluated

• Expert panel generates starting points

Suggestions are regrouped and returned to
panelists
Polling process
Useful in situations where future of process is
of concern
Drawback relies on high response rate
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• Problem is presented to a small group

• Group familiarizes itself with the problem

Synetics

• Also utilizes variations such as randomly
  choosing words from a dictionary and forcing a
  fit

• Analogies of terms are examined and relationships
  forced

• Useful when problem to be solved has an analogy
  and group is willing to explore bizarre trains of
  thought

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Class Design Example

• Right to left heart shunt that needs to be closed
  minimally invasive technology.
• When doing catheterization, need to go with the
  flow
• Cannon droops when rapidly fired.
• Need to get a ladder through a small space and up
  in an alleyway.

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Web-based and Print Literature

• Web-based search engines
• search for recent books
• -search for
  granted
• or pending
  patents
• Trade magazines product design (see my web site
  under )
• And www.google.com search for topics

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Process Chart Symbols
Operations
Inspection
Transportation
Delay
Storage
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Process Chart
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Flowchart

Activity
Start or end
Decision
Yes
D
No
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Flowcharting

• Assists in understanding processes to modify or
  improve them.
• Broad range of charts- from simple process charts
  to fairly complicated combinations of signal,
  material, and information flows.
• Dr. King at the doctor
• Flowcharting Overview

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Clinic Flow Charts
Linear system-Each event must be complete prior
to the next beginning
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Flowcharts with Decision Points
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Decisions Selection Chart
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Evaluation Chart
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Objective Tree
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Quality Function Deployment Diagrams (QFD)
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TRIZ

• Russian acronym based upon series of papers on
  the theory of inventive problem solving
• Method of reducing design process to a
  step-by-step procedure
• As difficulty increases, number of solution
  increases
• Different themes of transition have finite
  variations
• Negative interactions between desired functions

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TRIZ - Basic

• ID Problem
• Restate to elaborate contradictions
• Search for previously well solved problem
• Search for analogous solutions

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