Infant Nutrition Birth 5 years

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Infant NutritionBirth 5 years

• LCDR Susan R Jones, RD

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Your baby should NOT have

• Honey or foods made from honey
• Fresh cows milk
• Sugar, karo syrup, koolaid, soda, or tea.

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Feeding Your Baby Solid Foods

• Sits up with support
• Holds head up with support
• Reaches for things and can hold them
• Watches food and opens mouth for food
• Babys first food should be iron-fortified infant
  cereal, start with rice cereal and mix with
  breast milk or formula

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5-8 months

• Once baby is used to eating cereal from a spoon
  you can add other foods with different flavors
  and textures
  
• Start with strained vegetables. Try one new
  vegetable each week. After baby eats vegetables,
  begin to feed strained fruits such as banana,
  pears, or peaches. Do not give fruit desserts.
• Next plain strained meats or mashed beans can be
  tried. It is best to use plain meats, mixed
  dinners cost more and have less protein and iron.

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When is my baby ready for table foods?

• Can baby sit up in a high chair?
• Can baby hold food?
• Can baby get food from the hand to mouth?

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These are good foods to try first8-10months

• Toast strips
• Mashed fruit,vegetables
• Graham crackers
• Soft cheese slices
• Rice, mashed potatoes
• Ground meat and chicken
• Mashed egg yolks
• Oatmeal, cream of wheat

• Yogurt
• Mashed beams
• tofu

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Try these foods next10-12months

• Cheerios or kix cereal
• Small pieces of tender meat
• Soft cut-up fruit
• Canned fruit (no grapes)
• Scrambled egg yolk
• Soft cooked vegetables

• Cottage cheese
• Casseroles made with soft foods
• Cheese slices or cubes
• Macaroni, noodles, pasta

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Your baby is not ready for these foods yet

• Popcorn, nuts, chips, dried fruits, jelly beans,
  hard candy, suckers, beef jerky, hot dogs,
  toddler meat sticks, vienna sausage, raw
  vegetables. Baby can choke on these foods
• Honey, can make baby very sick
• Egg whites, cows milk, fish, and citrus fruits
  and juices (orange, grapefruit). Some babies are
  allergic to these foods.

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What should my baby drink?

• Breast milk or iron-fortified formula. Cows milk
  can be given after 1 year
  
• Your baby will nurse less or drink fewer bottles
  as he learns to eat more table foods
  
• Juice should be given from a cup only. Babies do
  not need more than 2 ounces per day. Other sweet
  drinks like koolaid, fruit drinks, and soda are
  not good for baby.

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Your baby needs Iron

• Your baby needs iron to grow well and stay
  healthy. Iron builds up babys blood and helps
  prevent iron deficiency anemia.
  
• Babies get iron from what they eat and drink
• If you are breastfeeding, keep it up!
• If you are bottle feeding, use only regular iron
  formula
  
• Wait until baby is 1 year to give any kind of
  cows milk.
  
• Be sure baby gets some high iron foods every day.

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Feeding Your Toddler 1-2 years

• Toddlers who nibble or graze all day long dont
  eat well and may not grow well. Toddlers do best
  if they are fed on a schedule of 3 meals 2-3
  snacks daily.
• Your toddler may refuse to eat, this is often to
  get attention. It is best to ignore this
  behavior
  
• Toddlers do best when fed meals/snacks from a
  high chair or table. They become distracted in
  front of the TV.

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Toddlers (cont.)

• Use small plates, cups and silverware. Use a
  plastic cup not a glass cup. Fill cups only ½
  way.
  
• Toddlers do best when offered small amounts of
  food they can always ask for more.
  
• Let your child feed him/her self when ever
  possible. Toddlers are messy, so it is a good
  idea to protect your carpet or floor
  
• Children eat better when they have the company of
  their parents and other family members.
  
• Your child should be drinking from a cup several
  times daily. It is best to wean from a bottle by
  15 months of age.

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Sample Menu

• Breakfast 1 scrambled egg, toast with butter,
  juice in a cup
  
• Snack Strained beef spread on crackers, whole
  milk
  
• Lunch ½ peanut butter sandwich, cucumber
  slices, peeled,
  
  
  canned peaches, cut up, whole milk
• Snack dry cheerios, whole milk
• Dinner Baked chicken, cut up, mashed potatoes,
  mixed vegetables, whole milk
  
• Snack Fruit yogurt

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Good Snacks and Finger Foods

• Canned fruit , cut into cubes
• Soft fresh fruit, peeled and cut
• Pudding and custard
• Fruit flavored yogurt
• Popsicles made from juice
• Frozen yogurt
• Peanut butter on crackers

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Snacks (cont.)

• Cheese slices or cubes
• Hard cooked eggs, sliced
• Unsweetened dry cereal
• Strained meats on toast or crackers
• Cooked vegetables with ranch dressing dip

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NO! Dont feed your toddler these

• Popcorn
• Peanuts and other whole nuts
• Jelly beans, hard candy, and suckers
• Raw, hard vegetables
• Hard unpeeled pieces of fruit
• Whole pickles
• Beef jerky
• Hot dogs, toddler meat sticks, or sausages
• Dried fruits
• Snack chips such as cheetos, corn chips, potato
  chips

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Foods for Young Children3-5years

• Offer your children 3 meals 2-3 snacks daily
• Children who nibble or graze all day long will
  not eat their meals. They are not hungry
  
• Variety is important, but only introduce one new
  food at a time. Offer a small amount of the neew
  food along with a favorite food.
  
• Set a good example. Parents food preferences are
  often imitated by their children
  
• Encourage children to help with food preparation
  children are more likely to eat food they helped
  prepare.

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Healthy eating habits 3-5 years

• Serve child-sized portions small amounts on
  small dishes allows children the satisfaction of
  finishing the food. Childrn can ask for more if
  still hungry.
• Behavior that is noticed is repeated reward
  eating, ignore non-eating
  
• Avoid making dessert a rewardthis puts too much
  emphasis on the sweet food
  
• If a child goes on a food jag (requesting one
  food often) allow it for a few days children
  get bored of this quickly if you dont make an
  issue of it.

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Healthy habits for young children 3-5 years

• Dont force children to eat. Appetites vary from
  day to day and during illness. Remove food and
  let your child wait until the next meal or
  planned snack. Healthy children eat when they are
  hungry!
• A healthy appetite depends on adequate play,
  rest, sleep and regular meal times.

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What foods do kids like?

• Finger foods
• Small, bite-size pieces of vegetables, fruits,
  bread and toast, meat, cheese, hard-cooked eggs.
  
• Bright Colors
• Deep yellow, bright green, or red vegetables and
  fruits.
  
• Colorful glasses, and plates
• Mild flavors
• No need to add salt, sugar, pepper and other
  seasoningschildren have sensitive taste buds
  
• Some favorites applesauce, banana, mild cheese,
  potatoes, custard, tender vegetables.
  

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What makes a good snack?

• Foods from at least 2 different food groups, such
  as crackers and cheese, peanut butter on apple
  slices, celery with peanut butter
  
• Foods that are low in sugar
• Small amounts of foods that dont spoil appetites
  for meals.
  

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Sample Menu for young children

• Breakfast Cereal with milk, apple juice, toast
  with margarine, milk
  
• Snack ½ Bagel with peanut butter, milk
• Lunch Tuna salad sandwich, carrot sticks,
  banana, milk
  
• Snack Small tortilla with melted cheese
• Dinner Spaghetti with meat sauce, tossed salad
  with dressing, French bread with margarine, mixed
  fruit, milk
  
• Snack graham crackers