8th Grade Do Now: Sept. 14

1
8th Grade Do Now Sept. 14

• Answer in your journal using sentences. You
  might have to guess thats okay!
• Where do you think music came from? When do you
  think it was started? What type (s) of music do
  you think were first performed and notated?

2
Overview of Music History
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Middle Ages / Medieval

• 450 1450
• Sacred Music
• Mostly vocal music until 1100
• After 1100, the church allowed instruments to be
  played.
• The organ was the most popular then.
• Most notated music was sacred
• Why? The church had control over learning.
• Most composers were anonymous because they were
  taught that it was wrong to take credit and brag
  about their works. They were taught that God
  would be unhappy with them.

4
Middle Ages / Medieval

• 450 1450
• Secular music non-religious
• Troubadours traveled the country, singing their
  love songs.
• They used drums, bagpipes, harps, and recorders.
• Why do you think they didnt notate their music?

5
Quick Question

• What makes Sacred music different from Secular
  music?
• Which was more likely to be notated?

6
Middle Ages / Medieval

• Gregorian Chant The earliest music of the Middle
  Ages was sung slowly and without rhythm or
  harmony. Everyone sang the same thing.
• These tunes are also called Gregorian Chant,
  which were named after Pope Gregory I.

7

8
Middle Ages / Medieval

• Polyphony Later on other musical lines were
  added, creating harmony. This is also called
  polyphonic music.
• This is music for more than one voice and it
  appeared during the later Medieval period. This
  marked the beginning of harmony.

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• What was the earliest music of the Middle Ages?
• What kind of music appeared later in the Middle
  Ages? What did it have that made it different?

10
Ballad

• Ballads were sung outside of churches and told
  stories.
• Topics included love, war, and heroes.
• Every other line rhymes within a verse ABAB
• Verse One Verse Two
• .. A .C
• .. B .D
• . A .C
• . B .D

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Medieval Listening Example

• Graduale
• By Anonymous
• Include title, composer, and three musical ideas
  using sentences in your journal. Dont forget
  your introduction and conclusion.
• Just fyi the gradual is a responsorial chant
  and is the only type, other than the Alleluia,
  that is sung without an any action, such as a
  processional. It comes in between readings.

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Graduale

• Graduale is a peaceful song. It was a Gregorian
  Chant. It doesnt have any instruments playing
  with it. This song is religious. The color of
  this song is orange, because it is mellow.

13
Creating MusicCompose your own Ballad!
14
Creating Music

• At a keyboard, create a short song, around 30
  seconds.
• Notate the song as they might have during the
  Medieval Period.
• Remember, they did not use rhythms and staff
  notation like we do today.
• They also did not have a piano then.

15
May 3 Do Now

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can.
• 1. In the Medieval Period, where did you go to
  learn?
• 2. What was a popular church instrument near the
  end of this period?
• 3. Who traveled singing love songs?
• 4. What type of songs are slow, without rhythm
  or harmony?

16
Jan. 13 Do Now

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can.
• What is the form / rhyme scheme of a ballad?
• What does anonymous mean?
• What was the topic of your ballad?

17
8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 15

• Take out you Ballad from yesterday and quietly
  practice it. I will come around and listen to
  you.
• When I have listened to you, take one of the
  Renaissance papers on your table and work on it.

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Name______________________________________________
_____ Period ________Essential Question of the
Lesson What are the characteristics of music
from the Renaissance time period?Directions
Determine whether each statement is true or false
and mark your answer in the column marked Before.

• Before After
• _____ _____ 1. During the Renaissance, the
  middle and upper class hired tutors to educate
  their children.
• _____ _____ 2. Polyphonic music is when everyone
  performs the same melody and rhythms at the
  same time.
• _____ _____ 3. Chordal music is when the harmony
  and voice parts move
• at the same time in chords.
• _____ _____ 4. A madrigal is a non-religious
  (secular) song that people
• sing and is often a love song.
• _____ _____ 5. A motet is a non-religious song
  that people sing.
• _____ _____ 6. A mass is a religious (sacred)
  song that people sing.
• _____ _____ 7. The lute is a popular instrument
  during the Renaissance.
• _____ _____ 8. Instrumental music was mostly for
  singing and dancing during the Renaissance.
• _____ _____ 9. Palestrina was the worst composer
  from the Renaissance.

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Renaissance

• Renaissance means rebirth- in this case, it was
  a rebirth of Greek and Roman culture.
• It lasted from 1450-1600.
• The middle and upper classes hired people to
  educate their children.
• The printing press was invented and popularized
  the music of great composers.

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Renaissance Music

• Most Renaissance music is polyphonic two or
  more voices being heard with different rhythms.
• Near the end of the Renaissance, chordal music
  appeared. The voices moved together in chords.

21
Here are some questions

• What does Renaissance mean?
• What was invented that popularized the music of
  great composers?
• What does it mean for music to be polyphonic in
  the Renaissance time period?

22
Vocal A Capella Music

• Madrigals - These song forms were performed in
  groups of four, five, or six singers. A madrigal
  is secular music and were usually love songs.
• Motets - a polyphonic work with four or five
  voice parts singing one religious Latin text.
• Mass - follows the religious service of the
  Catholic Church and is sung in a very specific
  order Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus,
  Benedictus, and Agnus Dei. It is performed in
  Latin.

23
Instrumental Music

• There was a growth in instrumental music,
  especially the lute and keyboard. The most
  popular instrument of the Renaissance was the
  lute.
• Most instrumental music was written for singing
  and dancing.

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Lets answer these.

• What were the three kinds of a capella music?
  Which one follows the religious service of the
  Catholic Church?
• What was the most popular instrument in the
  Renaissance time period?

25

• Palestrinas music shows pitch and rhythm.
• He was Italian and wrote mostly religious works.
  
• He is considered one of the great masters of
  Renaissance music.
• He wrote motets, madrigals, and masses.

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Renaissance Listening Example

• Kyrie
• By Palestrina
• P. 174 in 8th grade text

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Lets Create Some Music!

• Creating a group composition in the Renaissance
  Polyphonic style.
• Each table will be a group. The bigger tables may
  split up into two and three if they would like.
• Each person in the group will compose two
  measures of rhythms in four.
• Practice it quietly all together and then we will
  perform them for the class.

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8th Grade Do Now, May 5

• Answer these questions in your journals. Use
  sentences! Try to do this without using your
  notes if you can. Then, finish the true/false
  paper in the After column from yesterday.
• 1. What does Renaissance mean?
• 2. When two or more voices are singing different
  rhythms, what is that called? Kyrie was an
  example of this.
• 3. Out of madrigals, motets, and masses, which
  is NOT religious?
• 4. What two things was instrumental music used
  for in the Renaissance?
• 5. Who was a great Renaissance composer?

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8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 16

• If I did not hear your Ballad yesterday I will
  come around to hear you perform it.
• Quietly finish your group polyphony projects from
  yesterday.
• When I have heard your group, get out the
  Renaissance True or False half sheet from
  yesterday. Fill in the column that says After.
  Try not to use your notes.

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Baroque Activitation

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vCTVraVgzC9U
• Organ Bach

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Name______________________________________________
_____ Period ________Essential Question of the
Lesson What are the characteristics of music
from the Renaissance time period?Directions
Determine whether each statement is true or false
and mark your answer in the column marked Before.

• Before After
• _____ _____ 1. During the Renaissance, the
  middle and upper class hired tutors to educate
  their children.
• _____ _____ 2. Polyphonic music is when everyone
  performs the same melody and rhythms at the
  same time.
• _____ _____ 3. Chordal music is when the harmony
  and voice parts move
• at the same time in chords.
• _____ _____ 4. A madrigal is a non-religious
  (secular) song that people
• sing and is often a love song.
• _____ _____ 5. A motet is a non-religious song
  that people sing.
• _____ _____ 6. A mass is a religious (sacred)
  song that people sing.
• _____ _____ 7. The lute is a popular instrument
  during the Renaissance.
• _____ _____ 8. Instrumental music was mostly for
  singing and dancing during the Renaissance.
• _____ _____ 9. Palestrina was the worst composer
  from the Renaissance.

32
Baroque

• 1600-1750
• Baroque refers to highly decorated music and art.
• Unity repeating rhythms and melodic patterns
• Sudden dynamic and tempo changes
• Music was ornamented and improvised.

33
Baroque Music

• Orchestras begin to form
• Opera develops
• Was written for and heard only by kings and
  nobility and the Church
• Venice, Italy was the center of Baroque music
• Harpsichord was more popular than the piano.

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Some Questions

• What two things could drastically change in music
  from the Baroque period?
• What musical group began to form?
• Where was the center of Baroque music?

36
Fugue

• The subject is stated by the first voice.
• The other voices then enter imitating the same
  subject, one at a time.
• The voices alternate subject and answer.

37
What about this?

• What form of music had a theme or subject that
  was repeated by different voices at different
  times?
• How is this different from a round?

38
Baroque Listening Example

• Fugue in G Minor
• By J. S. Bach

39
Create Some Music!

• Create a fugue with a partner, there can be three
  people.
• Start out with the same phrase, starting one
  after the other finishes.
• There must be other phrases that are not the same
  between the two, or three voices.
• All of the parts must end at the same time.

40
May 5 Do Now

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can. Use
  sentences!
• 1. In the Baroque period, there were extreme
  changes in what two musical elements?
• 2. What musical group began to form during the
  Baroque period?3. What type of vocal music was
  being developed during this period?
• 4. What was the popular keyboard instrument
  during the Baroque period?

41
May 6 Do Now

• Complete the orange vocabulary half-sheet that is
  on your tables. You may not use your notes. You
  may not ask any one for the answers.

42
May 7 Do Now

• Pick two time periods that we have done so far.
  Compare and contrast them. You may use your
  notes. Make sure you have at least 2 ways they
  are similar and 2 ways that they are different.
  Use sentences!!!!!!!!!!

43
8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 19

• Please get rid of gum or candy.
• Answer in your notebooks using sentences.
• What are at least two differences between a round
  and a fugue?
• Describe the subject of a fugue.

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8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 19

• Get out your Fugue outline, and grading rubric
  from last class. Begin working with your table.
• There will be a short review of the Fugue to
  refresh everyones memories.
• Make sure that everyones name is on your grading
  rubric when I come around to listen to your work.

47
8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 20

• Pick two time periods that we have done so far.
  Compare and contrast them. You may use your
  notes. Make sure you have at least 2 ways they
  are similar and 2 ways that they are different.
  Use complete sentences!!!!!

48
Classical Activation

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwKhH2hRa-WQ
• Mozart Clip

49
Classical Period

• The Classical period began around 1750 and lasted
  until 1830.
• This was when Benjamin Franklin was discovering
  electricity.
• This was also when the United States was being
  founded.

50
Music of the Classical Period

• Music was simpler to play than Baroque music.
• Music was written for everyone.
• Common people began attending concerts.
• Emotions were controlled in the music.
• There were not extremes in tempo, dynamics, etc.
  like in the Baroque period.

51
Some Questions

• Was the music simpler or more complex in the
  Classical time period than the music in the
  Baroque time period?
• What were the emotions in the music like?

52
Classical Music

• A symphony usually has 3 or 4 movements and uses
  the entire orchestra.
• Orchestras were small, around 40 people, at the
  beginning of this period. They grew larger near
  the end.
• Rondo form, ABACA, was commonly used. It
  alternates between one main themes and
  contrasting themes.

53
Can you answer this?

• How many movements did symphonies normally have?
• Did the orchestras grow in size or shrink towards
  the end of the time period?
• What form was commonly used in the Classical time
  period?

54
Classical Listening Example

• Rondo alla turka
• By Mozart

55
Creating Music!

• In groups of four or five, you will be composing
  a piece in the Rondo Form. (ABACA)
• Use the handout to help you write your rhythms.
  Each section should be two measures long. (Write
  in the counts)
• The time signature must stay the same throughout
  the piece.
• Each person will only clap one section. (For the
  smaller groups, figure out who will clap two
  sections.)

56
8th Grade, Sept. 21

• Quickly and quietly get out your Rondo outline
  from last class. Sit with your group where you
  sat yesterday.
• Finish it and quietly practice it. I will come
  around and hear you perform it.

57
8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 21

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can. Use
  sentences!
• 1. In the Classical period, music was for whom?
• 2. In Classical music, were there large
  contrasts in tempo and dynamics?
• 3. What has a few movements and is for an entire
  orchestra?
• 4. What is the type of song with a form that is
  ABACA?

58
Romantic Activation

• Fantasia/Fantasia 2000 Clip Sorcerers
  Apprentice
• Think Pair Share what do you think are
  characteristics of Romantic period music?

59
Romantic Period

• The Romantic period began around 1830 and ended
  around 1900.
• Yes, there was some overlap between the classical
  period and romantic period.
• In fact, Beethoven bridged the two periods during
  his lifetime.

60
Romantic Music

• Program music tells a story or describes
  something.
• Music is filled with passion and drama.
• Composers used music to overwhelm listeners with
  emotion, writing sad, sweeping pieces about love
  and heartbreak and magical fantasies about
  goblins, witches, and swans.
• The orchestra is arranged as we know it and was
  led by a conductor with a baton.
• The most popular instrument was the piano.

61
Can you answer these?

• Who bridged the Classical and Romantic time
  periods?
• What is program music?
• What was the most popular instrument?

62
Romantic Listening Example

• March, from The Nutcracker
• By Tchaikovsky

63
Creating Music!!!

• Program music! Each student will work by
  themselves.
• Make up a character and write a short paragraph
  about them.
• Write a description of how the theme music you
  are thinking of relates to your character.
• Go to the piano and quickly play the theme by
  ear.
• You will be playing it for the class.

64
8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 22

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can.
• 1. Who bridged the gap between Classical and
  Romantic music?
• 2. In the Romantic period, music is filled with
  what and what?
• 3. What is program music?

65
Modern Activiation

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vce4TCth0gGMfeature
  PlayListp0C7DE3935191D7D6playnext1playnext_f
  romPLindex1
• John Cage Piano Sonata X for prepared piano

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Modern Period

• 1900 Present

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Neoclassical

• Composer Aaron Copland
• Uses techniques used in Baroque and Classical
  periods
• Opposition to current musical trends

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Serialism

• Composer Arnold Schoenberg
• Music has no tonal center
• Randomly uses all 12 notes of the scale in a tone
  row
• Aleatoric created by chance.

69
Answer these!

• What type of music used techniques from the
  Baroque and Classical time periods?
• What type of music used all 12 notes of the scale
  in a tone row?

70
Minimalism

• Composer Phillip Glass
• Uses small patterns to create effects
• Extended Ostinati
• Drones in the background

71
Electronic

• Composer Karlheinz Stockhausen
• Uses tape loops
• Found sounds, recorded then modified with
  computer.
• Synthesized sounds original sounds are
  artificially created.

72
What about this?

• What type of music used tape loops?
• What type of music used small patterns to create
  effects?

73
Modern Review

• A time of musical experimentation
• Electronic music becomes a main focus
• Atonality Music without a tonal center
• Broken into Currents
• Neoclassical
• Serialism
• Minimalism
• Electronic

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Modern Listening Example

• Gentlemans Honor
• By Phillip Glass

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Modern Music Categorize

• Schoenbergs Pierrot Lunaire, Nacht
• Stravinskys Symphony in Three Movements or Aaron
  Coplands Appalachian Spring
• Stockhausens Gesang der Jünglinge (literally
  "Song of the Youths")
• John Adams Shaker Loops

Neoclassical
Minimalism
Serialism
Electronic
76
Creating Music!!!

• We are going to experiment with Serialism!
• Each student will create a tone row melody using
  all 12 notes of the scale.
• Remember to only use each note once. You are
  organizing them in any order that you want.
• When you are finished you can play it for the
  class on a keyboard.

77
May 12 Do Now

• Answer these questions in your journals. Try to
  do this without using your notes if you can.
• Define a tone row.
• What repeats small patterns and uses drones in
  the background?
• Who is a composer of Minimalism music?
• List the types of modern music.

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The End

• This ends our journey through the different time
  periods of music history.
• This does not include current musical styles from
  across the world, including popular music of our
  own country.

79
Music History Word Splash

• Using as many words here as possible, write a
  letter to the students in the next rotation about
  what you learned about music history.

Medieval
Baroque
Minimalism
Renaissance
Madrigal
Sacred
Unison
Secular
Program music
Beethoven
Modern
Romantic
Chordal
Gregorian Chant
Polyphonic
Motet
Rondo
Tone Row
Serialism
Classical
Mass
Fugue