Summary of the InternetCAR testbeds

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Summary of the InternetCAR testbeds

• Jun MURAI(jun_at_wide.ad.jp)
• Keisuke UEHARA(kei_at_wide.ad.jp)
• Keio University/WIDE Project

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Assumed environment
DSRC
PAN
Gas Station
Cellular
IEEE802.11b
Outside
Home
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Three different connectivity model models
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
In-vehicle computer
Model-1 Single Computer model
Model-2 Single Router model
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
Model-3 Multiple Routers model
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Three different connectivity model models
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
In-vehicle computer
Model-1 Single Computer model
Model-2 Single Router model
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
Model-3 Multiple Routers model
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Single computer model
For passengers
Taxi DSRC
Jan 28 2002, Nagoya Press conference
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Model-1 Single Computer model

• Definition
• One in-vehicle computer is connected to the
  Internet with one or more communication devices.
• When using several computers, each computer must
  have independent communication devices.
• Problems
• There is a network topology dependent part in an
  IP address.
• An IP address cannot be used to identify
  individual in-vehicle computer (automobile).

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Model-1 Single Computer model
Problem Initiating Connection Mobile Transparency
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Internet
Cellular
IEEE802.11b
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Model-1 Single Computer model

• Problem
• Nomadic (A CN can call out a mobile node)
• Mobility Transparency (keep a transaction)
• Proposal
• Tunneling
• An IP packet is encapsulated in an IP packet.
• IP packet is forwarded with another header.
• Mobile IPv6
• Extending IPv6
• Route optimization is enabled.
• LIN6(Location Independent Network 6)
• Introducing Location Independent Node ID.
• An mechanism is exist to map a current IP Address
  and a Node ID.
• Dynamic DNS
• Support only nomadic capability
• When an automobile move (switch a medium), it
  register its mapping.
• It is usable when mapping is issued, which mean a
  time to initiation a connection.
• Others

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Tunnel
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Internet
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Tunnel Server
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Mobile IPv6
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Internet
Cellular
IEEE802.11b
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Three different connectivity model models
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
In-vehicle computer
Model-1 Single Computer model
Model-2 Single Router model
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
Model-3 Multiple Routers model
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InternetITS Hi-function Prototype Car
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Model-2 Single Router model

• Definition
• Several computers are connected to in-vehicle
  network. And there is single router which is
  connected to the outside.
• Problem
• A network-topology-dependent part exists in an IP
  address.
• An IP address cannot be used to identify
  individual in-vehicle computer (automobile).
• The network identifier used in a vehicle has to
  be changed.

IP Address
Network topology depend
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Model-2 Single Router model
Problem Initiating Connection Mobile Transparency
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Internet
Cellular
IEEE802.11b
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Model-2 Single Router model

• Problem
• Nomadic (A CN can call out a mobile node)
• Mobile transparency (keep a connection)
• Network auto-configuration in a vehicle
• End node capability
• Scalability (There are many nodes in a vehicle.)
• Proposal
• Tunneling
• An IP packet is encapsulated in an IP packet.
• IP packet is forwarded with another header.
• Mobile Network (NEMO Network Mobility, Network
  in Motion)
• Proposal 1 extending Mobile IPv6
• Proposal 2 introducing a brand new protocol

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Tunnel
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Internet
Cellular
IEEE802.11b
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Tunnel
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Basic mechanism is same with host mobility.
However, the edge of tunnel have to be router.
Internet
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Tunnel Server
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Mobile Network

• Mobile Network vs Mobile Host
• Host Mobility
• a single node changes its point of attachment
  (mobile node MN)
• Network Mobility
• a bulk of nodes mobile as a unit
• one or more IP-subnets
• connected to the Internet via 1 or more mobile
  routers (MR)
• only MR changes its point of attachment

Internet
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Mobile Network

• Mobile Network
• MR nodes behind the MR
• Fixed nodes
• Belong to the mobile network
• sensors, light, GPS
• Mobile Nodes
• Dont belong to the mobile network
• Get Internet access via the mobile network
• E.g. mobile phone, PDA
• mobility management must be transparent to nodes
  behind the MR

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Three different connectivity model models
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
In-vehicle computer
Model-1 Single Computer model
Model-2 Single Router model
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle Router
In-vehicle computer
Model-3 Multiple Routers model
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Model-3 Multiple Routers model

• Extension of Mobile Network
• Cooperation among routers
• Route Advertisement A router has to be selected
  by a node.

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Model-3 Multiple Routers model

• Extension of Mobile Network
• Cooperation among routers
• Route Advertisement A router has to be selected
  by a node.

Under development
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Open issue

• Move detection
• L2 trigger
• L3 connectivity test
• Configuring addresses
• Stateless auto-configuration
• DHCPv6
• IP6CP(PPP)
• DAD (Duplicated Address Detection) needs some
  second.
• IPv6 over IPv4
• Multiple Interface
• Preference of Applications
• Load balancing
• Fast Handover
• MANET
• QoS
• Security
• Authentication
• Encrypting

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Interface management

• Each interface is watched by interface management
  daemon.
• When an interface is available, an interface
  management daemon has to setup the interface. It
  means it has to initiate DHCP, stateless
  configuration or PPP.
• When higher priority interface is available, CoA
  management daemon initiates a switching
  mechanism.
• Some devices can be used with IPv4. The
  automobile has to setup IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel
  dynamically, when it is used.

CoA management daemon
Dynamic Tunnel
Dynamic Tunnel
PPP
Stateless Auto-conf.
PPP
Interface Management daemon
Interface Management daemon
Interface Management daemon
L2 signaling
PHS
Cellular Packet (PDC-P)
802.11b
Try, when disconnected
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IP over DSRC

• There are two different proposals to use DSRC
  (Dedicated Short Range Communication) in Japan.
• IP over PPP over DSRC
• Broadcast type DSRC (Ethernet type DSRC)
• We tested both of above.

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Testbeds

• WIDE Project supports and initiates two projects
• IPCar (Yokohama)
• Aims to Probe System.
• http//www.IPCar.org/
• Providing two types of information in this site.
• Traffic information
• weather information
• 270 cars
• Citybus camera monitoring
• http//netcam.expo.ne.jp/probecar/
• InternetITS (NAGOYA)
• Aims to develop a platform for ITS based on the
  Internet
• http//www.InternetITS.org/
• 1570 cars in Nagoya 70 cars in Kanagawa

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Probe Information System (Traffic)
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Probe Information System (Rain condition)
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Trial in NAGOYA, the first quarter 2002

• We tested two types of in-vehicle computers.
• Single Computer model
• Single router model