International Consultations

1
International Consultations
GPS - A Global Utility

• CGSIC
• September 2001
• Nate Johnson

2
Why Outreach?

• Presidential Decision Directive
• Open Communication Lines With Users
• Accuracy of U.S. Policy and Plans for the Future

3
Bogeymen in the Closet!!!!

• You might charge
• The military control it
• You might turn it off

4
Bogeyman One - Charging

• Early decision to offer as public utility
  (incentive for growth) rather than establish
  charging and associated bureaucracy
  (disincentive)
• No mechanism on satellites to charge
• Policy since 1983 - affirmed by multiple
  administrations and Congress
• Reagan offer and Congressional guidance after KAL
  007
• Letters to ICAO and IMO
• Presidential Decision Directive
• 1998 offer to EC to incorporate into a Framework
  Agreement based on GPS
• U.S. public law, December 1998
• Federal Radionavigation Plan

5
Bogeyman two - Military Control

• GPS operated by the Air Force
• Dual use system
• Civil representatives
• Assured continuous support - cant go on strike
• Acquired by JPO
• Dual use system
• Civil representatives
• Managed by IGEB
• Civil leadership of nine government departments

6
Interagency GPS Executive Board (IGEB)
7
Bogeyman three - Turn Off

• Service the same around the globe
• Not turned off or degraded by geographic region
  such as Europe or Asia
• Local denial limited to conflict area
• Consistent with NATO policy to deny GNSS signals
  in conflict area
• Civil and defense interests considered
• No intent to turn SA on again
• Global community
• Economic
• Information infrastructure
• Public safety

8
European Discussions

• U.S. presented Draft Cooperative Agreement on
  October 5, 2000
• Recent consultations - May 23, 2001
• Received European general comments in early May,
  2001
• Received European counter draft May 22, 2001
• Many key U.S. provisions not present
• U.S. agencies evaluating
• U.S. continues to have many questions regarding
  Galileo

9
UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON SPACE APPLICATIONS

• State Department grant to OOSA for GNSS
  Applications Workshops to
• Promote sustainable development
• Increase utilization of environmentally-related
  applications in developing countries

10
UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON SPACE APPLICATIONS

• Monitoring the environment
• Precision agriculture
• Surveying and mapping
• Resource conservation
• Disaster management

• Urban development
• Support for GIS and other databases
• Land/maritime transportation
• Endangered species preservation

Applications include
11
UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON SPACE APPLICATIONS

• Dates for Regional Workshops
• Asia/Pacific August 2001
• Eastern Europe (Vienna) November 2001
• Latin America (Chile) April 2002
• Africa/Middle East(Zambia) July (TBR) 2002

12
UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON SPACE APPLICATIONS

• UN GNSS Workshop in Kuala Lumpur
• Aug 20-24
• Very Successful
• 200 participants from 25 countries
• Good networking established

13
UNITED NATIONS PROGRAMME ON SPACE APPLICATIONS
If you wish to participate Contact Sergio
Camacho-Lara UN Office of Outer Space
Affairs Tel [phone] Fax [phone]
Email scamacho_at_unov.un.or.at
14
Summary

• GPS policy firmly established
• Free Signals
• Open Specifications
• Need to continue international dialogue
• Increase cooperation based on GPS
• Avoid misunderstandings
• GPS applications growing in numbers and variety
  around the world
• An innovation in one country can benefit all
• Cooperation of the global community is the key

15
Back Up
16
U.S. - EU Cooperation Concept

• Recognizing differences in maturity of GPS and
  Galileo, U.S. proposed three phase approach
• Phase 1 - Framework Agreement
• Establishes basis for cooperation
• Phase 2 - Working Groups
• Phase 3 - Follow-on Agreement

17
U.S. Position on Galileo - It Depends

• Many unanswered questions
• Revenue stream generation
• Regulatory actions
• Required use (mandate or standards)
• Interoperability
• Free open system with for fee encrypted system
• Safety of life applications
• Use by established GPS user community
• Four levels of interoperability
• Migration of EGNOS into Galileo
• Continuity of open provision of GPS data,
  including integrity

18
Many unanswered questions (Continued)

• Open specifications and standards
• Open market access
• Guaranteed revenue stream
• Security
• Prevention of misuse
• Galileo High Level Definition documents
  considers
• Jamming for OAS
• Selective Availability option
• Denial of SAS by geographic zones after
  notification
• Government Access Service for national security
  and humanitarian operations
• Potential military use - implications for NATO

19
Many unanswered questions (Continued)

• Spectrum use
• EC proposal to overlay L1 and L2
• US position
• No overlay of M-code or P(Y) signals
• Cannot degrade service to GPS users
• L5 could be better candidate
• Civil only signal
• More robust - may accommodate overlay
• European technical documents received Dec. 27
• U.S. experts evaluating

20
Draft Agreement

• Reflects U.S. policy for provision of GPS and
  augmentations
• Free signals provided as a public utility
• No encryption for safety-of-life services
• Open specifications and markets
• No system unique mandates, either by regulation
  or standards
• User oriented environment
• Interoperable, seamless service
• Recognizes work done in other fora ITU, ICAO, IMO