WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces

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Title: WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces


1
WYSIWIS Revised Early Experiences with Multiuser
Interfaces
  • Stefik, Bobrow, Foster, Lanning, and Tatar

2
Terms
  • Colab is an experimental meeting room developed
    at Xerox PARC in which computers support
    collaborative processes in face-to-face meetings.
  • Meeting tools provide operations in terms of
    visible, manipulable objects
  • WYSIWIS (What You See Is What I See)
  • In strict WYSIWIS, everyone sees exactly the same
    image of the written meeting information and can
    see where everyone is (tele) pointing.
  • Public vs. Private Windows (I.e., multiuser vs.
    single user windows)
  • 4 dimensions for relaxing strict WYSIWIS
  • Space Only a subset of the visible objects are
    wysiwis (e.g, windows and cursors)
  • Synchronization Allow delays in updating or
    viewing
  • Population Only subgroups of meeting share
    viewing
  • Congruence Alternate views of same image

3
Case 1 Boardnoter(The humble chalkboard)
  • Provides white board, chalk, eraser, keyboard,
    and pointer
  • Issue Display of cursors from multiple users is
    too distracting
  • Solution Display only local implements and those
    used for telepointing
  • Issue Small grain-size transmission of data is
    computationally expensive
  • Solution Broadcast changes to information when
    the user indicates completion or after a
    reasonable time interval
  • Issue Meetings often need multiple chalkboard,
    but there is room to show only one display at a
    time
  • Solution Provide multiple visible boards by
    arranging shrunken ver4sion of them as icons in a
    stampsheet

4
Case 2 COGNOTER (Collaboration in the
organization of ideas)
  • A meeting tool for organizing ideas for a
    presentation
  • Organizes its meeting process into a sequence of
    stages brainstorming, ordering and grouping,
    evaluation, and outline generation.
  • Problem Participants needed to fiddle with
    window sizes and placements too much.
  • Exacerbated by having a mix of public and private
    windows
  • Two proposals for organizing displays
  • Stampsheet
  • Rooms

5
Stampsheet approach
  • Issue Screen can be crowded with windows used
    mainly by other participants
  • Solution Allow participants to select
    independently which windows are full scale
  • Issue When windows are it is not longer possible
    to assess quickly the locus of activity or which
    information has changed
  • Solution Stampsheet icons should actively
    indicate when info is changing
  • Issue Identifying recent changes is also
    important for full-size windows
  • Solution provide a facility for highlighting
    recent changes
  • Issue Subgroups need to cause other group
    members to attend to a particular item without
    interfering with activities of other subgroups
  • Solution Provide telepointers that work only
    within subgroups

6
Stampsheet (Continued)
  • Issue Subgroups need to be able to bring
    information to the attention of a full meeting
  • Solution Provide both full and subgroup
    telepointing
  • Issue Participant wants to join a subgroup but
    cannot find the stamp corresponding to a subgroup
    window
  • Solution label windows and stamps
  • Issue When new public window is created ,
    putting the window on all displays may disrupt
    the activities of other subgroups
  • Solution Automatically display new window on the
    displays of those participants who have the
    spawning window at full scale
  • Issue Public and private windows compete for
    display space. Adding a new window to the
    display of subgroup can occlude windows of other
    participants
  • Solution Participants can control the placement
    of all windows are their display

7
Rooms
  • Issue Screen can be crowded with windows used
    mainly by other participants
  • Solution Provide separate rooms for each
    subgroup. Rooms are connect by doors.
  • Issue When subgroups in separate rooms, not
    possible to track overall progress or progress in
    other rooms
  • Solution Create an overview room from which one
    can watch the overall activities of the meeting.
  • Issue Identifying recent changes is also
    important when a participant reenters a room.
  • Solution Provide a facility for highlighting
    recent changes in a room

8
Rooms (continued)
  • Issue Subgroups need to cause other group
    members to attend to a particular item without
    interfering with the activities of other groups
  • Solution Provide supgroup pointer that who only
    within a room
  • Issue Bringing information to the attention of
    the full meeting
  • Solution Provide a full-group telepointer that
    teleports all participants to the room of interest

9
Comparisons
  • Different approaches to placement of public
    windows
  • Stampsheet Place of public windows is privately
    determined
  • Rooms Public windows in the same place for
    everybody
  • Rooms create harder boundaries between subgroups
    because participants must leave room to visit
    other subgroups
  • Reconsidering division of items between two sets
    of ideas being worked on by two different
    subgroups
  • Stampsheet Participant just opens relevant
    windows
  • Rooms Greater overhead because a participant
    must either create a new room for the comparison
    or involve all the other members of one of the
    subgroups with the extra windows
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