Information Systems

1
Information Systems

• Lecture 10,11,12
• IT Fundamentals
• MBA (II) 4th Semester
• Farhan Mir

2
Lectures Administration

• IT Fundamentals
• Hardware Software
• Telecommunication
• Databases
• Case Studies finalization
• Assignment 2

3
IT Fundamentals

• IS Decomposition
• Information
• Information Management (for example policy
  making)
• Technical components
• Hardware Fundamentals
• Software Fundamentals
• Database Management
• Telecommunications
• Why we are studying these fundamentals?
• These constitute the technical composition of the
  systems
• IS Cost resides majorly in this part
• The need for the Hottest Technology
  Available(Need for Awareness)

4
Glimpse of few Decisions

• Technology
• Latest Hardwares (Input, Output, Processing)
• Updation of Legacy Hardwares (Maintenance
  Problems)
• Size/Capacity/Speed issues
• Software
• In-house Development
• System Requirement through Analysis
• Development Process
• Implementation Feedback VS
• Buying Option
• Cost/Benefit Analysis
• System Needs
• Implementation and Feedback
• Coordination Communication issues

5
Glimpses of few Decisions

• Broader Decisions
• IT Application analysis (where we need IT
  applications in Business)
• Quantitative Assessment in context of
  cost/benefit analysis
• Business Approvals for Investment
• Training
• User Interface
• Change Management
• Database (Size and usage issues)

6
Hardware Fundamentals

• Background
• Input Devices
• Processing
• Output Devices
• Storage Media
• Networking Hardware
• Management Issues

7
Background

• Traditional Computing Environment
• Large Vs small organizational computing
• Mainframes
• Mini
• PC environment
• Networking Needs
• Technological Advancements
• Awareness
• Affordable cost
• Availability

8
Hardware Fundamentals

• Input Devices
• From Traditional keyboard entry to automated
  input
• Graphics Ease
• Development of new enhanced input procedures
• Processing
• Speed Capacity (parallel processing)
• Output Devices
• Output needs
• Daily life pervasiveness
• Organizational communication channel ( Marketing
  aspects)
• Storage.Networking.

9
Contemporary Hardware Issues

• IT portfolio analysis (Heavy Investment)
• Maintenance
• Backup
• Disaster Recovery
• Compatibility
• Future Planning
• Technological Advancement
• Cost Vs. Quality question

10
Software Fundamentals

• System Software
• Application Software
• Software Engineering Tools
• Trends regarding software
• Management Concerns

11
System Software

• Operating System
• Microcomputer OS
• DOS
• Windows
• Unix
• (GUI, Common User Access)
• Networking OS
• Netware
• Large Scale OS
• Multiprocessing
• Multitasking
• Other Important Software
• System Management Software
• System utilities
• Language Translators

12
Application Software

• General Application
• Word Processing
• Spreadsheets
• File Managers
• Special Purpose Software
• TP
• Scheduling
• Analysis Decision Making
• Presentation
• Communication
• Training
• Programming
• From low level to 4GLs

13
Management Issues

• Application Backlogs
• Different Applications build in different
  languages
• Lengthy Development processes
• System Development requires commitments, time,
  patience
• Make
• System Requirement
• User Interface
• User Involvement Vs.
• Buy
• Availability of Built-in applications
• Cost Vs. Quality Issues
• Organization Wide Systems reducing compatibility
  issues
• Contract Management through Outsourcing

14
References

• Charles Parker, Thomas Case. (2000). Management
  Information Systems Action Strategy. (2nd
  Ed). Chapter 5,6
• Kenneth C. Laudon Jane P. Laudon (2001).
  Management Information Systems Managing a
  Digital Firm.(7th Ed). Chapter 5,6
• James OBrien. (1998). Introduction to
  Information Systems A Networked Enterprise
  Perspective. (2nd Ed). Chapter 2,3