Day 4:

1
Day 4

• Residential Segregation

2
Residential Segregation Outline

• Why is residential segregation an important
  topic?
• What topics on residential segregation are
  covered in the MCSUI survey?
• What are the goals for the residential
  segregation section?

3
Outline (cont.)

• Neighborhood location Where do individuals
  prefer to live? Why?
• Neighborhood composition Do individuals prefer
  segregation? Why?
• SUMMARY

4
I. Why is residential segregation an important
topic?
5
American Apartheid Pervasiveness of segregation

• Average segregation score (D) from Whites in
  large metropolitan areas
• Blacks .69
• Latinos .48
• Asians .44

6
Variation

• Across cities
• Black/white segregation
• Detroit, MI .89
• Anaheim, CA .45
• Across race/ethnic groups

7
Implications

• Debates on economic inequality (Massey vs.
  Wilson)
• Policy

8
Why are neighborhoods segregated by
race/ethnicity?

• Preference to live with own group?
• Economic differences affordability?
• Practices by real estate agents banks?
• Race/ethnic prejudices against particular groups?

9
Why are some cities more segregated than
others? Why are some race/ethnic groups more
segregated than others?
10
II. What topics on residential segregation are
covered in the MCSUI survey?

• Neighborhood location Where individuals prefer
  to live (Section B)
• Areas of the city
• Reasons underlying preferences

11

• Neighborhood composition Who individuals prefer
  as neighbors (Section G)
• Race/ethnic composition of neighborhood
• Reasons underlying preferences

12
III. What are the goals for the residential
segregation section?

• Replication of the 1976 DAS
• Cross-city comparisons
• Multi-ethnic comparisons

13
NEIGHBORHOOD LOCATION (SECTION B)

• Where Do Individuals Want to Live? Why?

14
I. What topics are covered in Section B?

• Opinions about own neighborhood (B1-B2)
• Preferences to live in particular neighborhoods
  in the city (B3-B5)

15
II. How are these topics covered?

• Same questions to all respondents regarding own
  neighborhood
• Show cards with maps designating particular
  neighborhoods in city (B3-B5)

16
III. What are the neighborhoods?
Detroit Atlanta Boston L.A. 1 Southfield Decatur
Cambridge Palmdale 2 Warren Midtown Newton Cano
ga Park 3 Troy Tri-cities So. Boston Culver
City 4 Dearborn Marietta/Sm. Lowell Pico
Rivera 5 Taylor Roswell/Alph. Brockton Alhambra 6
___ Norcross ___ Glendale 7 ___ ___
___ Baldwin Hills
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
IV. How do the neighborhoods vary?

• Race/ethnic composition household income
  distance from central city
• No consistent definition across cities
• See workbook or codebook for description of the
  neighborhoods

22
V. What are the questions regarding the
neighborhoods?
B3 How desirable respondent finds
neighborhood B4 Why neighborhood is
undesirable B5 Respondents impression of the
average cost of a home in the neighborhood.
23
B3. Here is another map of THIS METROPOLITAN
AREA. I am going to ask you some questions
about each of these areas. For each area please
tell me if you'd rate it as a very desirable,
somewhat desirable, somewhat undesirable, or very
undesirable place to live. How about (PLACE X)?
How would you rate (PLACE) as a place to live?
Would you say very desirable, somewhat
desirable, somewhat undesirable, or very
undesirable?
24
(No Transcript)
25
B3A BDESARE1 How would you rate (AREA1) as a
place to live? Det Atl LA Bos Total 1 Very
Desirable 175 329 338 323 1165 2 Somewhat
Desirable 801 593 1023 760 3177 3 Somewhat
Undesirable 327 219 694 204 1444 4 Very
Undesirable 75 114 421 94 704 7 Refused
0 0 1548 0 1548 8 Don't Know 161 264 0 431 856 9
Missing 4 9 1 8 22 1543
1528 4025 1820 8916
26
B3B BDESARE2 How would you rate (AREA2) as a
place to live? Det Atl LA Bos Total 1 Very
Desirable 87 165 300 535 1087 2 Somewhat
Desirable 662 518 1289 562 3031 3 Somewhat
Undesirable 383 311 619 87 1400 4 Very
Undesirable 150 206 251 43 650 7 Refused 0 0 15
64 0 1564 8 Don't Know 255 314 0 583 1152 9 Miss
ing 6 14 2 10 32 1543 1528 4025 820
8916
27
B. Follow-up questions B4A1-B4G3 Why did
you say that NAME OF AREA is an undesirable
place to live? (Only asked if area was considered
somewhat undesirable or very
undesirable) Codes B4A1 Environmental
reason for Area 1 B4A2 Racial reason for
Area 1 B4A3 Other reason for Area
1 B4B1 Environmental reasons for Area 2 B4B2
Racial reason for Area 2 B4B3 Other
reason for Area 2
28
B5. Next, I want you to use the categories on
this page and tell me what you think the average
home in each area costs. If you are not sure,
make the best guess you can. Going back to
(FIRST CITY). On the average, what do you think
a home costs in (CITY)? Notes 1) Coding lists
differed across cities. Los Angeles did not
provide a "Under 50,000" category to
respondents. Top codes differed as indicated
in the coding list. 2) Each city has a
different list of areas, corresponding to the
numbers in the variable. For instance, 1 in
Detroit is contained in BCSTARE1. Detroit 1
Southfield, 2 Warren, 3 Troy, 4 Dearborn, 5
Taylor. Atlanta 1 Decatur, 2 Midtown, 3
Tri-Cities, 4 Marietta/Smyrna, 5
Roswell/Alpharetta, 6 Norcross. Los Angeles 1
Palmdale, 2 Canoga Park, 3 Culver City, 4 Pico
Rivera, 5 Alhambra, 6 Glendale, 7 Baldwin Hills.

29
B5A BCSTARE1 What do you think the average cost
of a home is in (Area 1)? Det Atl LA Bos Tota
l 1 Under 50,000 (Detroit, Atlanta,
Boston) 69 189 0 59 317 2 50,000 -
99,999 620 816 588 264 2288 3 100,000 -
149,999 494 293 1259 360 2406 4 150,000 -
199,999 137 68 731 394 1330 5 200,000 -
249,999 36 24 313 260 633 6 250,000 -
299,999 24 5 133 123 285 7 300,000 -
349,999 0 3 92 54 149 8 350,000 - 399,999
0 11 63 40 114 9 400,000 - 449,999 (LA
only) 0 0 57 0 57 10 450,000 - 499,999 (LA
only) 0 0 34 0 34 11 500,000 or more (LA
only) 0 0 30 0 30 97 Refused 0 0 6 0 6 98 Don't
Know 127 98 719 0 944 99 Missing (Boston DK,
NA) 36 21 0 266 323
30
NEIGHBORHOOD COMPOSITION (Section G)

• Do individuals prefer segregation? Why?

31
I. What topics are covered in Section G?

• Opinions regarding the causes of residential
  segregation (G1-G6)
• Preferences regarding race/ethnic mix of
  neighborhood (G7-G43)
• Experiences and opinions regarding housing
  discrimination (G44-G49)

32
Today Preferences regarding race/ethnic mix of
neighborhood (G7-G43)
33
GOAL

• Ask individuals about preferences regarding the
  ethnic mix of neighborhoods
• EX Prefer to live in a neighborhood that is 90
  Black 50 Black one Black family?

34
Design Issues and Solutions
Issue 1 Meaning of answer depends on the
Respondents race/ethnicity a) Blacks 90 Black
implies that they want to live where they are a
majority b) Whites, Latinos, Asians 90 Black
implies that they want to live where they are a
minority
35
Solution Different question numbers for each
race/ethnic group Different questions for
Blacks/Latinos/Asians and Whites
36
Codebook layout
Blacks Questions G7-G13 Latinos Questions
G14-G20 Asians Questions G21-G27 Whites
Questions G28-G39
37
Design Issues and Solutions
Issue 2 Multi-ethnic comparisons EX Do
Latinos feel more comfortable that are
majority-Asian than majority-Black? EX Do
African Americans feel more comfortable living in
neighborhoods that are majority-Latino than
majority-White?
38
Split ballots
Sample split into subsamples in L.A. and
Boston Each subsample asked a different set of
questions All respondents receive Form X in
Atlanta and Detroit
39
Design Issues and Solutions
Issue 3 Reliability Some individuals do not
think in terms of numbers and percentages, or
vary in their estimates of percents.
40
Solution Show cards
41
(No Transcript)
42
III. Illustration of Survey and Codebook Structure

• Check point G6

43

• Questions for Black respondents (G7-G13)

44

• Split Ballots (G7)
• X Whites are comparison group
• All respondents in Detroit Atlanta
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Y Latinos are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Z Asians are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.

45
G8. Now I would like you to imagine that you
have been looking for a house and have found a
nice house you can afford. This house could be
located in several different types of
neighborhoods as shown on these cards (SHOW CARDS
B-SERIES.) Some of the neighborhoods have more
(FORM) families and others have more black
families. The black houses represent black
families and the (Form X white, Form Y dark
gray, Form Z light gray) houses represent (Form
X white, Form Y Hispanic, Form Z Asian)
families.
46
Would you look through the cards and rearrange
them so that the neighborhood that is most
attractive to you is on top, the next most
attractive second, and so on down the line with
the least attractive neighborhood on the bottom.
47
G8A GBNEIAT1 First (Most attractive) Det At
l LA Bos Total 0 Logical Skip 778 692 2907 1355 5
732 1 Neighborhood 1 (All Black
houses) 114 255 263 70 702 2 Neighborhood 2
(10 Black houses) 164 170 309 109 752 3 Neighb
orhood 3 (7 Black houses) 412 354 460 239 146
5 4 Neighborhood 4 (2 Black houses) 42 24 42
28 136 5 Neighborhood 5 (No Black
houses) 12 16 25 8 61 7 Refused 0 0 15 0 15 8
Don't Know 0 4 4 0 8 9 Missing 21 13 0 11 45
1543 1528 4025 1820 8916
48
(No Transcript)
49
G8B GBNEIAT2 Second Det Atl LA Bos Total 0
Logical Skip---2,3,4 or 5 in G6 778 692 2907 1355
5732 1 Neighborhood 1 (All Bl.
houses) 33 66 107 34 240 2 Neighborhood 2 (10
Bl. houses) 441 522 606 239 1808 3 Neighborhood
3 (7 Bl. houses) 163 153 271 101 688 4
Neighborhood 4 (2 Bl. houses) 89 69 102 61 321 5
Neighborhood 5 (No Bl. houses) 15 7 13 16 51 7
Refused 0 0 15 0 15 8 Dont Know 0 5 4 0 9 9
Missing 24 14 0 14 52 1543 1528 4025 1820
8916
50
(No Transcript)
51
Interpretation
Neighborhood 4 (2 Black houses) Form X code of
4 represents a predominantly-White
neighborhood Form Y code of 4 represents a
predominantly-Latina neighborhood Form Z code
of 4 represents a predominantly-Asian neighborhood
52
Additional questions for Black respondents

• Any neighborhoods that you would not move into?
  (G10)
• Show me the neighborhoods that you would not move
  into (G11)

53

• Split Ballots (G14)
• X Whites are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Y Blacks are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Z Asians are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.

54
(No Transcript)
55
Same questions asked of Black respondents

• Arrange the cards from most attractive to least
  attractive (G15)
• Why most attractive? (G16)

56

• Any neighborhoods that you would not move into?
  (G17)
• Show me the neighborhoods that you would not move
  into (G18)

57

• Why wouldnt you move into an all-Hispanic
  neighborhood? (G19)
• Atlanta, L.A., and Boston only
• codes differ for each city

58

• Why wouldnt you move into an all-White/Black/Asia
  n neighborhood? (G20)
• comparison group depends on form
• Atlanta, L.A., and Boston only
• codes differ for each city

59

• Questions for Asian respondents (G21-G27)
• (L.A. only)

60
(No Transcript)
61

• Questions for White respondents (G28-G39)

62
White respondents Different set of
showcards Different questions
63
(No Transcript)
64

• Split Ballots (G28)
• X Blacks are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Y Latinos are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.
• Z Asians are comparison group
• About 1/3 of respondents in Boston L.A.

65
First set of questions

• How comfortable would you feel living in this
  neighborhood?
• Show cards
• Question asked from fewest Black families to most
  Black families
• When respondent answered uncomfortable, no
  additional cards were shown

66
G29. I would like you to imagine that you live
in a neighborhood like this (SHOW CARD
WB/L/A-1). Next I'd like you to imagine a
situation where a (Form X Black, Form Y
Hispanic, Form Z Asian) family has moved into
the neighborhood (SHOW CARD WB/L/A-2). How
comfortable would you feel in this situation
Would you say you would feel very comfortable,
somewhat comfortable, somewhat uncomfortable, or
very uncomfortable?
67
G29 GWCOMFN1 Det Atl LA Bos Total 0 Logical
Skip 764 836 3164 1231 5995 1 Very
comfortable 420 542 655 377 1994 2 Somewhat
comfortable 217 97 161 150 625 3 Somewhat
uncomfortable 94 33 30 38 195 Go
to G33 4 Very uncomfortable 27 9
9 13 58 Go to G33 7 Refused 0
0 2 0 2 8 Don't Know 4 1
2 0 7 9 Missing 17 10 2
11 40 1543 1528 4025 1820 8916
68
G33. (SHOW CARD WB/L/A-2) You said you would
feel uncomfortable living in this neighborhood.
Would you try to move out of this neighborhood?
G33 GWMVOUN1 Det Atl Bos Total 0 Logical
Skip 1412 1475 1756 4643 1 Yes Go to
G37 30 14 18 62 5 No Go to
G38 90 24 33 147 7 Refused 0 0 0 0 8 Don't
Know 2 1 0 3 9 Missing 9 14 13 36 15
43 1528 1820 4891
69
IV SUMMARY

• Information you need to analyze the neighborhood
  segregation questions

70

• Respondents race/ethnicity
• Different variables for residence questions
  depending on respondents race/ethnicity

71

• Form of survey
• Form X Black-White comparisons
• All respondents in Detroit and Atlanta
• 1/3 of respondents in Boston and L.A.

72

• Neighborhood showcards
• Questions refer to different cards