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Interests

• Phospholipid membranes
• supported bilayers
• giant vesicles and liposomes
• Surface forces
• - surface force measurements
• polymer chain dynamics
• Non-equilibrium systems
• - shapes
• mechanics

http//ludfc39.u-strasbg.fr
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The roles of phospholipids in biology

• They make the membranes by self assembly

• A source of compounds for many synthesis
• ex Phosphatidyl choline a source for choline

• Active roles
• - the Platelet Activating Factor is
• 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine
• - they play a role in transduction (inositol )
• - raft formation plays a role in signaling

• Transfer of Phosphatidyl serine to the outer
• leaflet during apoptosis (programmed death)

• Key word Lipid Metabolism

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Are phospholipids useful for something ?
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Commodities and specialties in Industry
Pharmaceutical industry drug delivery.
Market for 2007 120X109 US
(source Drug Delivery Systems Technologies and
Commercial Opportunities, Decision ressources
1998). PS market 1997 8.1 109 US
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Commodities and specialties in Industry
Pharmaceutical industry drug delivery.
Market for 2007 120X109 US
(source Drug Delivery Systems Technologies and
Commercial Opportunities, Decision ressources
1998). PS market 1997 8.1 109 US
Cosmetics recent (1987, Dior, LOreal).
Position on 10 of present total market, 10X109
US. Growing.
Food industry new market
Food Products Designs, Weeks Products Company,
Northbrook, IL, USA.
21782 patents US on liposomes. 1500 publications
SCI/an.
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
As a liposome/vesicle
A project centered on the phospholipid membrane
As a supported bilayer
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A picture of the lipo family
The singles liposomes or vesicles
They come in all sizes 20 nm - 100 ?m
20 nm lt size lt 0.1 ?m
Liposomes, Small Unilamellar Vesicles
0.1 ?m lt size lt qqs ?m
Large Unilamellar Vesicles
qqs ?m lt size
Giant Unilamellar Vesicles
M Schmutz
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Phase transitions in membranes

• Phases ? What phases ?

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Phase transitions in membranes
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Phase transitions in membranes
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Phase transitions in membranes

• Different mobilities
• Different rigidities
• Liquid/Solid behavior
• D 10-12 m2s-1

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Amphiphile self assembly simulations
Self-Assembled Bilayers
S. Marrink, Groningen
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• A Physicist Say

A theory is something nobody believes, except the
person who made it.?
lipid membranes self-assembly the
lipo-family tensionrigidity hands on down to
Earth
An experiment is something everybody believes,
except the person who made it.
A. Einstein
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A simple idea use bolaform lipids to convey
information across the membrane
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A trivial example biotinilated bola lipids
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
A trivial example biotinilated bola lipids
Induces position correlations between the
inner and the outer moities
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
But also
Bio-mimetic recognition between inner and outer
proteins by an induced increase of affinity
Fusion with other vesicles induced by the vesicle
content
Outer self-assembly induced by vesicle content
Transmission of information on inner pool content
to neighboring vesicles
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Information transmission across self-assembled
bilayers
Project combines
Supramolecular and lipid chemistry
Optical and micromanipulation methods
Theory on affinity/recognition in a membrane
environment under thermal agitation
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Systèmes auto-assemblés fonctionnels
Systèmes auto-assemblés fluorés applications
bio-médicales
Bicouches auto-assemblées de phospholipides
Synthèse supramoléculaire et comportement dynam
ique des auto-assemblages
Polymères vivants et réseaux transitoires
Organogelateurs
Structure et croissance de systèmes
auto- organisés fonctionnels
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Surface Forces
Force-structure relationship
Coupling of SFA and X-Rays Under confinement and
applied stress
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Bridging Kinetics
Reaction-Diffusion for Bridging Kinetics
(KOSEF-CNRS)
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M3 ongoing projects

• Phospholipid membranes
• bilayers under localized stresses
• membranes locally functional
• Surface forces
• - direct surface force measurements
• polymer chain dynamics
• Non-equilibrium systems
• - specific membrane adhesion
• hydrodynamics

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Non-equilibrium systems

• Fluctuations under stress
• relaxation under shear flow

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Local effects in phopholipid bilayers
Creating local organization in membranes
(Christopher Haluska)