Opening, Lectures, and Demonstrations Methods and Strategies

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Opening, Lectures, and DemonstrationsMethods and
Strategies

• EDIT 187 Spring 2005
• Prof. Eilts

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Lesson Plans
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4- Architectures of Instruction
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Key Elements of a Lesson

• Introduction/Opening
• Body
• Assessment
• Conclusion

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Events of a Lesson (Gagne)

• Gain Attention
• Opening
• Inform Learners of Objectives
• Rationale
• Stimulate Recall
• Present Content
• Lecture, demonstration, discussion
• Guide Learning
• Elicit Performance
• Provide Feedback

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Good lectures include

• An opening
• Presentation
• Activities Hands-on Exercises
• Provide feedback
• Conclusion/Overview

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An effective lecture will

• Gain learners attention and maintain it
• Maximize learner interest
• Involve learner
• Reinforce material
• Meet lesson objectives and goals

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Opening (Gain Attention)

• Team Building
• Motivation (ARCS)
• On-the-Spot Assessment
• What does Lawson suggest?
• What about Silberman?

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Gain Attention

• Goal Motivate Learners
• Strategies
• Intro Exercise/Ice Breakers
• Game or activity that introduces main points of
  lecture
• Lead-off Story
• Work related anecdote, story, or cartoon
• Initial Case Problem
• Problem related to lecture topic

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Maximize Interest

• Goal State or summarize main points of lectures
  to help learners organize material (advance
  organizer)
• Strategies
• Headlines
• Verbal heading or memory aids
• Examples
• Provide real-life illustrations
• Analogies
• Create comparison between material and prior
  knowledge
• Visuals
• Flip charts

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Involve Learners

• Goal Enlist group participation make
  instruction active
• Strategies
• Group Discussion
• Discussion of material or open-ended topic
  related to lecture
• Guided Note Taking
• Form students use to take notes during lecture
• Spot Challenge
• Ask participants to give examples of concepts
  being taught
• Illuminating Exercise
• Activities that illustrate various concepts or
  topics in lecture

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Reinforce Material

• Goal Transfer and application of lecture topics
• Strategies
• Press Conference
• Questions submitted to instructor for review
  during lecture
• Post-Lecture Case Problem
• Case study involving problem solving
  (far-transfer)

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UPS Article

• Read UPS Article
• Work in pairs and answer the following questions
• What was the instructional problem?
• How did training?
• Gain learners attention
• Maximize interest
• Involve Learners
• Reinforce Material
• What was unique about involvement of stakeholders
  and SMEs?

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Demonstrations and Other Alternatives to Lecture
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What are Demonstrations?

• Alternative to Lecture
• Trainees observe expert
• Performing a procedure or task
• Generally
• Involves behavior vs. cognitive skills
• Usually sequenced after initial supporting
  concepts principles (cognitive) presented in
  advance (knowledge needed aspect of lesson)

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Demonstration- Strategies for Teaching Procedures

• Procedures are a defined series of steps that
  achieve a task
• Linear or Branching
• What do learners need to know to perform a
  procedure?
• Recognize need to perform procedure
• Remember steps
• Perform (Apply)

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Demonstration- Strategies for Teaching Procedures

• Teaching procedures requires
• Clear display of steps
• Illustrations
• Real-Objects
• Guided Teaching
• Demonstration-Performance
• Application to realistic problem

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Key Elements of a Demonstration

• Introduction/Opening
• Body
• Demonstration
• Practice realistic problem
• Assessment
• Feedback
• Conclusion