US History

1
US History

• Chapter 3, Section 2 The Southern Colonies

2
Review Questions

• As we go through this PowerPoint, I would like
  you to make a list of five review questions.
• We will examine your questions at the conclusion
  of the slide show.

3
Tobacco Fuels the Economy of the Chesapeake

• Over 1 Million pounds by the 1630s

• 50,000 pounds in 1618

4
Maryland - 1632

• Cecilius Calvert - 1 Million Acres
• Create Catholic safe haven
• Make money off Tobacco
• Opened up colony for Protestants
• Catholics become minority

5
Toleration Act of 1649

• Act that guaranteed religious freedom to all
  Christians.
• Instituted death penalty for anyone denying the
  divinity of Jesus (atheists)

6
Colony of Virginia

• John Rolfe introduces tobacco, a cash crop.
• Tobacco plantations need land and labor.
• Land is stolen from Indians
• African slaves in 1619
• Agricultural based society forms.

7
Life like in the Chesapeake

• Half of all born in early Virginia and Maryland
  did not live past age 20Why was this?
• 3 times more Men than Women.

8
Life in the Chesapeake

• Lots of Indentured Servants
• Males 15-24 years old
• Work on Plantations and Small Farms
• In 1750 Baltimore is only large town

9
Unsent Letter

• Write an Unsent letter to a relative in the
  Massachusetts Bay Colony (your partner). Tell
  them about your life in the Chesapeake. Ask them
  questions about their society in Massachusetts.
  Then they will write a letter in response to
  yours. What would a Puritan think about the
  colonies of Virginia and Maryland? Use your text
  and notes to help you.

10
Bacons Rebellion - 1676

• By late 17th century large numbers of frustrated
  freedmen (former indentured servants) existed.
• Hard to earn enough money to buy their own land.
• Most lived in western Virginia  resented the
  planter aristocrats from the east.

11
Bacons Rebellion

• Indians use violence in response to white
  expansion into western Virginia.
• The Settlers became angry because they thought
  Gov. Berkeley failed to protect them from Indian
  attacks.

12
Bacons Rebellion 1676

• A small army of settlers lead by Nathaniel Bacon
  randomly attacked Indians on the frontier.
• Bacons followers looted wealthy plantations
  seized and burned Jamestown
• Nathaniel Bacon dies and rebellion is crushed.

13
Significance of Bacons Rebellion

• Planters saw white indentured servants as too
  difficult to control and significantly increased
  importation of black slaves while reducing number
  of indentured servants.
• Early Racism Planter elites encouraged poor
  whites to discriminate against blacksWhy?
• planters feared blacks and poor whites could ally
  themselves again in the future.

14
Population

• By 1700, Virginia was most populous colony with
  around 50,000 colonists
• Maryland was third most populous colony with
  around 30,000 inhabitants

15
South Carolina

• Carolina created in 1663
• Rice became main cash crop in Carolina for export
• African Slaves made up 70 of the population by
  1720.
• Charleston- Most active seaport in the South.

16
North Carolina

• Created in 1712 as a refuge for poor whites and
  religious dissenters from Carolina and Virginia.
• Task System Slaves on rice plantations worked
  under this system. Every day the slaves were
  assigned to a particular task.

17
Georgia

• Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733.
• carry off the poor that pester the streets of
  London
• Provide a defense between South Carolinas rich
  plantations and Spanish Florida.

18
Pennsylvania Delaware

• Charles II grants William Penn land close to New
  York to repay debts.
• Pennsylvania- Safe Haven for Quakers.
• Holy Experiment
• Cheap fertile land and a mild climate- Ideal for
  grain farming.
• Penn is later given Delaware as well.

19
New York

• New Netherland is a colony of the Dutch 1628
• English Fleet under orders from Charles II
  demands that the Dutch give up the land.
• 1664- The Dutch surrender without a shot being
  fired.

20
The Great Awakening

• 1700s Enlightenment- Emphasized human reason and
  progress.
• Religious Revivals
• Jonathan Edwards Sinners in the Hands of an
  Angry God.
• George Whitefield- Spreads Great Awakening
  Message by his sermons.