Title: Mount Sinai School of Medicine BloodBorne Pathogen Training
1Mount Sinai School of Medicine BloodBorne
Pathogen Training This training module has all
of the material that is contained in the formal
classroom presentations. The only component that
is missing is the opportunity for you to ask
specific questions about any content that is not
clear to you in these presentations. Since this
is a required component of the OSHA Standard 29
CFR 1910.1030, if there are any questions after
reviewing this material you can call the
Biosafety Officer at 241-1451, or arrange a
meeting to go over this material one on- one if
you prefer. It is requested that you do not
participate in this training as a group training
effort, but only on an individual basis. Since
evidence of training is required by OSHA and must
be maintained as per the Standard, you are
required to log-on and take the test at the
end. Successful completion of the session and the
test will satisfy the annual training
requirement. Please read the text material and
review the slides before attempting the tests.
Hepatitis B Virus induced Cancer (from CDC)
2Section 1 Standard BBP Labs
- This section pertains to labs handling human
clinical specimens and / or samples derived from
such human source material. - For those laboratories working with HIV, HBV,
HCV and other Blood Borne Pathogens, and Large
scale production, Section 2 has to be completed
as well.
3Introduction
- The main focus of this training session centers
on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis
B, and C Viruses (HBV, HCV), but is not limited
to these viruses alone. There are many pathogens
that are transmissible through human blood, body
fluids and tissues that are included in this
topic. -
- OSHAs Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, 29 CFR
1910.1030 defines - specific laboratories, procedures and
pathogens that fall within this - regulation the complete Standard can be found
on the OSHA website - http//www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_docum
ent?p_tableSTANDARDSp_id10051, - or by requesting a copy from the Biosafety
Officer at 241-1451. - It must be remembered that this is an
enforceable standard with fines accruing, with
each citation, against the institution.
4Definitions
- Bloodborne Pathogens
- means pathogenic microorganisms that are
present in human blood and can cause disease in
humans. These pathogens include, but are not
limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
5Definitions
- Exposure Incident
- means a specific eye, mouth, other mucous
membrane, non-intact skin, or parenteral contact
with blood or other potentially infectious
materials that result from the performance of an
employee's duties.
6Definitions
- Contaminated
- means the presence or the reasonably
anticipated presence of blood or other
potentially infectious materials on an item or
surface.
7Definitions
- Other Potentially Infectious Materials
- means .
- (1) The following human body fluids semen,
vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial
fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid,
peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, saliva in
dental procedures, any body fluid that is visibly
contaminated with blood, and all body fluids in
situations where it is difficult or impossible to
differentiate between body fluids -
- (2) Any unfixed tissue or organ (other than
intact skin) from a human (living or dead) and - (3) HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures,
organ cultures, and HIV- or HBV-containing
culture medium or other solutions and blood,
organs, or other tissues from experimental
animals infected with HIV or HBV.
8Definitions
- OPIM is a catch-all definition for any and all
- HUMAN tissues, body fluids, blood, secretions,
and - excretions. Urine and feces are excluded, except
when - contaminated by blood for our purposes, we will
also - consider these materials to fall under this
definition. - All fluid, broth, and solid slant cultures of
bloodborne pathogens should be included under
this definition for our purposes.
9Definitions
10Epidemiology
- Direct contact
- Contact of the skin and mucus membranes with
human blood and / or body fluids is the primary
exposure route. Broken skin and percutaneous
inoculations are chief routes of entry into the
body. - This is of particular importance if there is a
skin condition or abrasion that is unprotected
while handling blood and / or body fluids.
11Epidemiology
- Droplets
- generated from sprays, splatters of blood/body
fluids generated from spills or certain types of
laboratory activities can result in deposition on
the skin, or allow introduction of blood/body
fluids into eyes, nose or mouth with the
possibility of further penetration of mucus
membranes and conjunctiva by pathogens. Secondary
contact can be made with contaminated surfaces
resulting in direct contact-like exposures.
12Epidemiology
- Aerosols
- If the droplets are fine enough, falling between
1-5 µ in diameter, the exposure that results is
caused by an AEROSOL, (think of a fog) which can
remain suspended for 30 minutes or more and allow
inhalation of the micro-droplets deep into the
alveoli of the lung. From the alveoli, many
pathogens can penetrate through alveolar cells
and vascular walls to enter the blood stream and
disseminate to other organs in the body.
13Epidemiology
- Needle-sticks, bites and scratches during animal
handling, cuts or lacerations all present routes
of entry if the item is contaminated or the wound
is contaminated subsequently with human blood /
body fluids.
14Epidemiology
- Infectivity of blood
- all human blood is considered to be infected
with a bloodborne agent at any time. Setting up
an infection depends on the pathogen present, its
host specificity, its contagiousness, its
virulence, the route of exposure, the dose
received by the recipient (you, if you are the
recipient), the general health of the recipient,
and the recipients susceptibility to that
pathogen. - With some pathogens, the stage or phase of the
life cycle will determine if an infection will
occur. Some examples of possible outcomes are
given below
15Epidemiology
- Bacteremias - bacteria in the blood usually
associated with blood sepsis or large systemic
infections of organs. - Viremias - virus particles in the blood this
condition could be from the lytic phase of the
virus, or could be an eclipse phase where viruses
are hiding in certain blood cells-this is
specifically the case with HIVs Carrier states
can exist where shedding will release viruses
periodically over a phase or complete lifetime of
a host-this is a hallmark of the Hepatitis
viruses.
16Epidemiology
- Parasites - actively infectious forms of the
parasite in their life cycle i.e. schizonts,
trophozoites, leishmania-forms, cysts, and eggs.
This will vary with each parasite, but should not
be discounted even though occurrence is rare.
17Epidemiology
- Fungi - generally not associated with blood, but
Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans, and
Sporothrix schenkii, have been associated with
blood / body fluids. Yeast-forms of the Systemic
Mycoses agents i.e. Histoplasma capsulatum and
Blastomyces dermatitidis are infectious from blood
18Epidemiology
- Incubation periods - HIV has an incubation
period of as long as 6 years before signs and
symptoms can be detected HBV has a 7-26 week
incubation period. During these periods
individuals can look and feel normal. - There is a possibility for a subclinical
infection to occur with some agents, which can
give rise to transient or permanent carrier
states with viral shedding.
19Epidemiology
20Risk Assessment
- Many pathogens have been manipulated in
laboratories over many years, and a substantial
experience has been developed in Lab - Acquired
Infections (LAIs). - Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical
Laboratories, a publication of the CDC-NIH, has
Agent Summary Statements giving information on
the types and frequency of LAIs occurring with a
given agent. - (see http//www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl4
/bmbl4toc.htm)
21Risk Assessment
- NIH Guidelines has Risk Group designations for
many pathogens that may be use in the laboratory,
assigning a Risk Group categorization based on
the severity of the pathological condition in a
healthy human response to the agent - (see http//www4.od.nih.gov/oba/rac/guidelines/gu
idelines.html ).
22Risk Assessment
- A general rule of thumb is that many Risk Group
2 organisms fall into what are considered to be
Blood Borne transmissible agents. Some of the
Risk Group 3 and 4 agents are also Blood Borne
in nature, but these are very pernicious, deadly
agents.
23Risk Assessment
- For HUMAN blood, body fluids, tissues, from
living or dead individuals, ALL CLINICAL
SPECIMENS, INCLUDING YOUR OWN are considered to
be infectious. This is the concept behind
Universal or Standard Precautions. - This concept should also be extended to work
with animal specimens where bloodborne zoonotic
agents are present or are reasonably anticipated,
i.e. Herpes B Virus of monkeys.
24Risk Assessment
- Evaluate all of your lab practices for the
potential to release droplets, aerosols, large
amounts of blood if a container ruptures, or the
potential for percutaneous injuries. - Identify all members of your research staff who
may have exposures to human blood/body fluids
during their work activities. Then design out
exposures by using different needles
(self-sheathing), using plastic instead of glass
barrels, working with sealed containers, or
double-containment (bottle within a bottle). - Biosafety Cabinets provide a high level of
protection if used properly and maintained as per
manufacturers instructions.
25Risk Assessment
- There is no value in testing blood or body
fluids - - specimens can be too early or too late for
the window of detection - - sensitivity of tests may be lacking
- - false negatives or positives can be detected
and evaluated but what do the results mean? - - too costly and time consuming.
- It is much easier to consider everything of
human origin as infectious and handle it
accordingly. That even applies to feces and urine
specimens - even though they are exempt if not
blood-contaminated.
26Risk Assessment
27Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Universal (or Standard) Precautions assumes a
worst case scenario, and requires a certain
minimum acceptable - level of practice to protect oneself from an
exposure.
28Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Hand washing breaks the hand-to-mouth and
hand-to-object transfer of pathogens. It also
removes deposited organisms after spills /
splatter of contaminated droplets onto skin. - Droplets are a major concern, and can be present
on upper arms, backs of hands and even on faces
depending on the size and distribution of the
droplet.
29Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Protective equipment such as respirators,
gloves, eyewear, face shields and clothing are
used to break direct and indirect contact with
fluids, droplets and aerosols.
30Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Vaccinations for HBV and other pathogens
- for which USPHS vaccines are available.
Vaccinations remove the risk of acquiring the
infectious agent by immunizing the individual.
31Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Reduction of sharps use, substitution of
self-sheathing needles, and safe disposal of
sharps into puncture-proof containers reduces the
risk of sustaining a puncture wound or a cut with
a contaminated device. - Resheathing needles must be eliminated as much
as possible. If resheathing must occur, a
one-handed technique or use of Kelly clamps is
suitable to protect against inadvertent needle
sticks.
32Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Control of aerosol / droplet production through
the use of a biological safety cabinet when
performing activities that generate aerosols, use
of screw-cap containers, use - of sealed centrifuge rotors, and transporting
specimens in leak-proof containers reduce - the opportunity for exposure to bloodborne
pathogens.
33Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Specific laboratory practices are detailed in
the OSHA standard with respect to culturing and
manipulating HIV, HBV and other bloodborne
pathogens in research and production
laboratories. - Refer to Section (e) HIV and HBV Research
Laboratories and Production Facilities within the
standard. Note that these are not the only
organisms - all bloodborne pathogens used at lab
quantities or greater require the practices
referenced above.
34Hazard Recognition / Reduction
35Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Good microbiological technique as outlined in
the MSSM Biosafety Manual is practiced when
culturing, concentrating and manipulating these
pathogens.
http//www.mssm.edu/biosafety/manual/manual.pdf
36Hazard Recognition / Reduction
- Biological Safety cabinets must be used whenever
release of droplets and aerosols is possible in a
procedure. - These cabinets are specifically required to be
tested annually and certified as specified in the
regulation.
37Hazard Recognition / Reduction
Proper use of a biosafety cabinet (BSC) reduces
the release hazard of aerosols generated during
specimen / aliquot preparations. The areas
marked with blue arrows show the internal air
flow patterns that entrain and carry the aerosols
to HEPA filters (VVV areas). These filters trap
and contain the infectious agent within the
cabinet. As long as the cabinets integrity is
maintained, especially the HEPA filter, there is
virtually no risk
38Hazard Recognition / Reduction
39Hazard Recognition / Reduction
40Warning Signs and Labeling Procedures
41Warning Signs and Labeling Procedures
- OSHA specifies the design and colors of the
Universal Biohazard Symbol. This signage must be
used when a bloodborne pathogen is cultured or
handled in production quantities in a laboratory
as described in Section - 29 CFR1910.1030 (e).
42Warning Signs and Labeling Procedures
- For laboratories working with clinical specimens
of human blood, body fluids and tissues, smaller
cards and labels are available for marking
equipment, benches, incubators and other storage
areas. - Tubes without hazard markings can be stored in a
larger container with a hazard symbol. Once the
tube is removed, a similar warning has to be
placed on the tube.
43Warning Signs and Labeling Procedures
- All stocks and cultures must be clearly labeled
with the agent name and hazard. Refer
specifically to Section (g) of the OSHA Standard
for specific practices. - A collection of tubes can be marked with a label
on the outside of the over-container. However,
once a tube is removed for use, it must be
labeled as a Blood-borne pathogen.
44Warning Signs and Labeling Procedures
45Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- A spill of human blood, body fluids or contact
with tissue on unprotected skin or mucus
membranes is considered an exposure incident by
OSHA. - Report the incident to your supervisor and go to
the MSMC Employee Health Service immediately!!
Supervisors must keep information on the exposure
and any devices involved in the exposure
46Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Follow the spill procedures outlined in the MSSM
Biosafety Manual and Spill Procedures booklet. - A copy is available at www.mssm.edu/biosafety
- -download it before you need it!
- Call the Biosafety Officer at 241-1451 for
assistance with a spill clean-up
47Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Any needlesticks, lacerations or other puncture
wounds caused by sharps while working with
human source specimens, require immediate
attention in the MSMC Employee Health Service or
Emergency Department (after hours and weekends),
whether the sharp is contaminated or not. - These incidents also must be reported to the
Biosafety Officer as required by OSHA.
48Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Documentation of the route (s) of exposure, and
the circumstances under which the exposure
incident occurred - For an incident involving a clinical specimen
identification and documentation of the source
individual should be included, unless the - MSMC establishes that identification is not
feasible or prohibited by state or local law-this
would require consent of the source individual.
49Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- The source individual's blood shall be tested as
soon as feasible and after consent is obtained in
order to determine HBV and HIV infectivity. - If consent is not obtained, the employer shall
establish that legally required consent cannot be
obtained. - When the source individual's consent is not
required by law, the source individual's blood,
if available, shall be tested and the results
documented.
50 Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Any and all physicians reports, and ancillary
reports generated as a result of an exposure
incident must be retained for the length of the
employees service plus an additional thirty
years after separation from MSSM.
51Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Results of the source individual's testing shall
be made available to the exposed employee, and
the employee shall be informed of applicable laws
and regulations (HIPAA) concerning disclosure of
the identity and infectious status of the source
individual. - Collection and testing of blood for HBV and HIV
serological status - The exposed employee's blood shall be collected
as soon as feasible and tested after consent is
obtained.
52Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- If the employee consents to baseline blood
collection, but does not give consent at that
time for HIV serologic testing, the sample shall
be preserved for at least 90 days. - If, within 90 days of the exposure incident, the
employee elects to have the baseline sample
tested, such testing shall be done as soon as
feasible. - Post-exposure prophylaxis will be provided, when
medically indicated, as recommended by the U.S.
Public Health Service - Counseling and evaluation of reported illnesses
will be made available to the employee.
53Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- MSSM shall establish and maintain an accurate
record for each employee with occupational
exposure, in accordance with 29 CFR 1910.1020 and
this record shall include - The name and social security number of the
employee - A copy of the employee's hepatitis B vaccination
status including the dates of all the hepatitis B
vaccinations and any medical records relative to
the employee's ability to receive vaccination - A copy of all results of examinations, medical
testing, and follow-up procedures - The employer's copy of the healthcare
professional's written opinion - A copy of the information provided to the
healthcare professional -
54Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- MSSM shall ensure that employee medical records
required by OSHAs BBP Standard are kept
confidential and not disclosed or reported
without the employee's express written consent to
any person within or outside the workplace except
as may be required by law. - MSSM shall maintain the records required by the
BBP Standard for at least the duration of MSSM
employment plus 30 years.
55Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- If you are an MSSM employee, and you work
directly with human blood, body fluids, tissues
or other specimens, or occasionally come into
contact with these materials, Hepatitis B
Vaccination is available to you at no cost. - The vaccinations are provided through the MSMC
Employee Health Service
56Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- You may decline to be vaccinated, but in order
to do so you must formally decline by completing
a declination statement and - placing it in your MSMC Employee file
- You can change your mind later and accept
vaccination, again at no personal cost to you
57Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- I understand that due to my occupational
exposure to blood or other potentially infectious
materials I may be at risk of acquiring hepatitis
B virus (HBV) infection. I have been given the
opportunity to be vaccinated with hepatitis B
vaccine, at no charge to myself. However, I
decline hepatitis B vaccination at this time. I
understand that by declining this vaccine, I
continue to be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B,
a serious disease. If in the future I continue to
have occupational exposure to blood or other
potentially infectious materials and I want to be
vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, I can
receive the vaccination series at no charge to
me. - _________________________________________ Signed
- Sample Declination Form _________ Date
58Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
- Sharps injury log (Completed MSSM Laboratory
Incident Form) - MSSM maintains a sharps injury log for the
recording of percutaneous injuries from
contaminated sharps. The information in the
sharps injury log is recorded and maintained in
such manner as to protect the confidentiality of
the injured employee. - The sharps injury log contains
- The type and brand of device involved in the
incident, - The department or work area where the exposure
incident occurred, - An explanation of how the incident occurred
59Spills, Exposure Reporting and Vaccinations
Question Bank 6
60Conclusion
- It is your responsibility as an employee to read
and understand the contents of the OSHA Standard.
- This presentation is not a substitute for
becoming familiar with the Standard, which is
available at -
- http//www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_docum
ent?p_tableSTANDARDSp_id10051 -
- Specific hands-on training can be arranged with
the Biosafety Officer in your laboratory by
calling 241-1451.
61Conclusion
- Faculty members and Principal Investigators are
reminded that specific Standard Operating
Procedures prepared in written format should be
available at all times to their research and
support staff working with production amounts or
large quantities of bloodborne pathogens. -
- All new employees and transient individuals
working on bloodborne pathogen projects should
demonstrate the required level of training and
knowledge before working directly with pathogenic
agents, as required in the standard.
62Congratulations.
- You have successfully completed the training
session and passed all of the Quiz questions. We
will see you again wihtin one year of this
session.
63OOOOOOPS.
- You have not successfully completed the training
session and have not passed all of the Quiz
questions. You will need to retake the training
session after a one week waiting period. - Please review the MSSM BloodBorne Pathogen
Exposure Control Plan, available at
http//www.mssm.edu/biosafety/policies/pdfs/bloodb
orne.pdf - and the OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard
- http//www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_docu
ment?p_tableSTANDARDSp_id10051
64Section 2
- HIV and HBV Research Laboratories and Production
Facilities
65Section 2 HIV and HBV Research Laboratories and
Production Facilities.
- 1910.1030(e)(1) (OSHA Bloodborne Standard)
- This paragraph applies to research laboratories
and production facilities engaged in the culture,
production, concentration, experimentation, and
manipulation of HIV and HBV. - It does not apply to clinical or diagnostic
laboratories engaged solely in the analysis of
blood, tissues, or organs. - These requirements apply in addition to the
other requirements of the standard.
66Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Standard Microbiological Practices.
- All regulated waste shall either be incinerated
or decontaminated by a method such as autoclaving
known to effectively destroy bloodborne pathogens - Laboratory doors shall be kept closed when work
involving HIV or HBV is in progress.
67Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Contaminated materials that are to be
decontaminated at a site away from the work area
shall be placed in a durable, leakproof, labeled
or color-coded container that is closed before
being removed from the work area - Access to the work area shall be limited to
authorized persons. Written policies and
procedures shall be established whereby only
persons who have been advised of the potential
biohazard, who meet any specific entry
requirements, and who comply with all entry and
exit procedures shall be allowed to enter the
work areas and animal rooms. -
68Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- When other potentially infectious materials or
infected animals are present in the work area or
containment module, a hazard warning sign
incorporating the universal biohazard symbol
shall be posted on all access doors. - The hazard warning sign shall comply with
paragraph (g)(1)(ii) of this standard. (Next
Slide) -
69Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
70Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- All activities involving other potentially
infectious materials shall be conducted in
biological safety cabinets or other
physical-containment devices within the
containment module. No work with these other
potentially infectious materials shall be
conducted on the open bench.
71 Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Laboratory coats, gowns, smocks, uniforms, or
other appropriate protective clothing shall be
used in the work area and animal rooms. - Protective clothing shall not be worn outside of
the work area and shall be decontaminated before
being laundered.
72Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
-
- Special care shall be taken to avoid skin
contact with other potentially infectious
materials. -
- Gloves shall be worn when handling infected
animals and when making hand contact with other
potentially infectious materials is unavoidable.
73Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
-
- Before disposal all waste from work areas and
from animal rooms shall either be incinerated or
decontaminated by a method such as autoclaving
known to effectively destroy bloodborne pathogens.
74Research laboratories and production facilities
shall meet the following criteria
- Vacuum lines shall be protected with liquid
disinfectant traps and high-efficiency
particulate air (HEPA) filters or filters of
equivalent or superior efficiency and which are
checked routinely and maintained or replaced as
necessary.
75Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
Vacuum Line Protection
A. Flask with Disinfectant B. Back up Flask
C. HEPA In-line filter D. Vacuum
Connection
76Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Hypodermic needles and syringes shall be used
only for parenteral injection and aspiration of
fluids from laboratory animals and diaphragm
bottles. Only needle-locking syringes or
disposable syringe-needle units (i.e., the needle
is integral to the syringe) shall be used for the
injection or aspiration of other potentially
infectious materials. -
77Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
-
- Extreme caution shall be used when handling
needles and syringes. A needle shall not be bent,
sheared, replaced in the sheath or guard, or
removed from the syringe following use. - The needle and syringe shall be promptly
autoclaved or decontaminated before reuse or
disposal by placing in a puncture-resistant
Biosystems container.
78Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
-
- All spills shall be immediately contained and
cleaned up by appropriate professional staff or
others properly trained and equipped to work with
potentially concentrated infectious materials. An
SOP has to be available describing the correct
procedures. - A spill or accident that results in an exposure
incident shall be immediately reported to the
Principal Investigator, laboratory director and
to the MSSM Biosafety Officer, 241-1451.
79Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- A specific biosafety manual shall be prepared or
adopted and periodically reviewed and updated at
least annually or more often if necessary. - All lab personnel shall be advised of potential
hazards, shall be required to read instructions
on practices and procedures, and shall be
required to follow them as a matter of their
employment.
80Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
Containment Equipment
- Certified biological safety cabinets (Class I,
II, - or III) or other appropriate combinations of
personal protection or physical containment
devices, such as special protective clothing,
respirators, centrifuge safety cups, sealed
centrifuge rotors, and containment caging for
animals, shall be used for all activities with - other potentially infectious materials that pose
- a threat of exposure to droplets, splashes,
spills, or aerosols.
81Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Biological safety cabinets shall be certified
when installed, whenever they are moved and at
least annually.
82Research Laboratories and Production Facilities
- Each laboratory shall contain a facility for
hand washing and an eye wash facility which is
readily available within the work area. An
individual should not have to walk through doors
to access the sink or eyewash - An autoclave for decontamination of regulated
waste shall be available, ideally within the
suite.
83 84HIV and HBV Production Facilities
- The work areas shall be separated from areas
that are open to unrestricted traffic flow within
the building. Passage through two sets of doors
shall be the basic requirement for entry into the
work area from access corridors or other
contiguous areas. - Physical separation of the high-containment work
area from access corridors or other areas or
activities may also be provided by a
double-doored clothes-change room (showers may be
included), airlock, or other access facility that
requires passing through two sets of doors before
entering the work area.
85HIV and HBV Production Facilities
- The surfaces of doors, walls, floors and
ceilings in the work area shall be water
resistant so that they can be easily cleaned.
Penetrations in these surfaces shall be sealed or
capable of being sealed to facilitate
decontamination. - Each work area shall contain a sink for washing
hands and a readily available eye wash facility.
The sink shall be foot, elbow, or automatically
operated and shall be located near the exit door
of the work area.
86HIV and HBV Production Facilities
-
- Each work area shall contain a sink for washing
hands and a readily available eye wash facility. - The sink shall be foot, elbow, or automatically
operated and shall be located near the exit door
of the work area.
87HIV and HBV Production Facilities
- Access doors to the work area or containment
module shall be self-closing. - An autoclave for decontamination of regulated
waste shall be available within or as near as
possible to the work area. -
88HIV and HBV Production Facilities
- A ducted exhaust-air ventilation system shall be
provided. This system shall create directional
airflow that draws air into the work area through
the entry area. - The exhaust air shall not be recirculated to any
other area of the building, shall be discharged
to the outside, and shall be dispersed away from
occupied areas and air intakes. - The proper direction of the airflow shall be
verified (i.e., into the work area).
89 90Training Requirements
- Additional training requirements for employees
in HIV and HBV research laboratories and HIV and
HBV production facilities are specified in
paragraph (g)(2)(ix). - The essential components are specified in the
next slides
91Training Requirements
- Additional Initial Training for Employees in HIV
and HBV Laboratories and Production Facilities. - Employees in HIV or HBV research laboratories
and HIV or HBV production facilities shall
receive the following initial training in
addition to the training requirements set forth
in section 1.
92Training Requirements
- The Principal Investigator shall assure that
employees demonstrate proficiency in standard
microbiological practices and techniques and in
the practices and operations specific to the
facility before being allowed to work with HIV or
HBV. - The Principal Investigator shall assure that
employees have prior experience in the handling
of human pathogens or tissue cultures before
working with HIV or HBV.
93Training Requirements
- The Principal Investigator shall provide a
training program to employees who have no prior
experience in handling human pathogens. Initial
work activities shall not include the handling of
infectious agents. - A progression of work activities shall be
assigned as techniques are learned and
proficiency is developed. -
- The Principal Investigator shall assure that
employees participate in work activities
involving infectious agents only after
proficiency has been demonstrated.
94Training Requirements
- Training records shall include the following
information - The dates of the training sessions
- The contents or a summary of the training
sessions - The names and qualifications of persons
conducting the training - The names and job titles of all persons
attending the training sessions. - Training records shall be maintained for 3
years from the date on which the training
occurred.
95 96Labels
- Warning labels shall be affixed to containers of
regulated waste, refrigerators and freezers
containing blood or other potentially infectious
material and other containers used to store,
transport or ship blood or other potentially
infectious materials, except as provided in
paragraph (g)(1)(i)(E), (F) and (G). - Labels required by this section shall include
the following legend
97Labels
98Labels
-
- These labels shall be fluorescent orange or
orange-red or predominantly so, with lettering
and symbols in a contrasting color. - Labels shall be affixed as close as feasible to
the container by string, wire, adhesive, or other
method that prevents their loss or unintentional
removal.
99Labels
- Red bags or red containers may be substituted
for labels. - Containers of blood, blood components, or blood
products that are labeled as to their contents
and have been released for transfusion or other
clinical use are exempted from the labeling
requirements of paragraph (g). - Individual containers of blood or other
potentially infectious materials that are placed
in a labeled container during storage, transport,
shipment or disposal are exempted from the
labeling requirement.
100Labels
- Labels required for contaminated equipment shall
be in accordance with this paragraph and shall
also state which portions of the equipment remain
contaminated. - Regulated waste that has been decontaminated
need not be labeled or color-coded.
101Signs
- The employer shall post signs at the entrance to
work areas specified in HIV and HBV Research
Laboratory and Production Facilities, which shall
bear the following legend
102Signs
(Name of the Infectious Agent)(Special
requirements for entering the area)(Name,
telephone number of the laboratory director or
other responsible person.) These signs shall be
fluorescent orange-red or predominantly so, with
lettering and symbols in a contrasting color.
103 104Congratulations.
- You have successfully completed the training
session and passed all of the Quiz questions. We
will see you again wihtin one year of this
session.
105OOOOOOPS.
- You have not successfully completed the training
session and have not passed all of the Quiz
questions. You will need to retake the training
session after a one week waiting period. - Please review the MSSM BloodBorne Pathogen
Exposure Control Plan, available at
http//www.mssm.edu/biosafety/policies/pdfs/bloodb
orne.pdf - and the OSHA BloodBorne Pathogen Standard
- http//www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_docu
ment?p_tableSTANDARDSp_id10051