Welcome to Jazz History

1
Welcome to Jazz History!

• MUSC 5219 (Beddage)
• Tuesday, January 20, 2009
• Harmony, Instruments,
• and the Blues

2
Today

• Harmony and form
• Chord / scale relationships
• Blues form
• Roles of instruments
• History of the rhythm section

3
Review Rhythmic Concepts in Jazz

• Swing
• Central rhythm in jazz
• Syncopation
• Swing eighth rhythm
• Charleston
• Polyrhythms

4
Jazz Harmony

• How do jazz musicians harmonize melodies?
• Major scale harmony
• Seventh chords
• How do jazz musicians interpret chords?
• Chord/scale relationships
• Awareness of Tension / resolution, consonance /
  dissonance

5
Jazz Harmony

• Modes of the major scale
• Relation to harmonic progressions
• Modal tunes eg. So What
• Eg. Flamenco Sketches

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Jazz Form The Blues

• 12 bar form (most commonly)
• 4 bar sections
• Important harmonic move to IV
• Turnaround
• Vocal genre stanzas repeating
• Eg. Billie Holiday Fine and Mellow lyrics pg.
  371 (video)

7
Types of Blues tunes

• Riff blues
• Eg. Count Basie One O Clock Jump
• One motive repeating
• Eg. Duke Ellington C Jam Blues
• One motive with variation
• Eg. Sonny Rollins Tenor Madness
• One motive w/ development
• Eg. Sonny Rollins Blue 7

8
Types of Blues Tunes

• Minor blues
• Eg. Duke Ellington Ko Ko
• Eg. Dexter Gordon Bikini
• Eg. Chick Corea Steps
• Variations in subdivision, or feel
• Eg. Horace Silver Senor Blues
• Eg. Thelonious Monk Misterioso

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Roles of Instruments in Jazz Bands

• Rhythm section
• Piano
• Guitar
• Bass
• Drums

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Piano

• Early styles of accompanying
• Oompah
• Stride
• Dick Hyman video
• Later styles
• Basie Eg. The Deacon
• Bebop Eg. Nows the Time

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Guitar

• Banjo (eg. Hotter Than That)
• In the bebop rhythm section
• Amplification
• Eg. I Found a New Baby
• Basie style

12
Bass

• Tuba as predecessor
• Style of early bassists vs. contemporary
• Walking bass line
• Ray Brown video clips

13
Drums

• Early drum styles
• Eg. Black Bottom Stomp
• Bebop drumming
• Kenny Clarke video

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Next Class / Assignments

• AABA form tunes, other forms
• Rhythmic concepts
• Performance conventions
• Assignment
• Read Ch. 3
• Listen to Pent-up House (SCCJ), Cotton Tail
  (SCCJ), Body and Soul (SCCJ), Boplicity
  (SCCJ), Blue Rondo ala Turk (JCC), Blue In
  Green (SCCJ)