Topics in Internet Research

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Topics in Internet Research
Energy Efficient Routing in Ad-Hoc Wireless
Networks
Aadil Zia KhanDepartment of Computer
ScienceLahore University of Management
SciencesEmail 06030004_at_lums.edu.pk
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Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks(Introduction)

• A wireless network where there is no fixed
  infrastructure
• All wireless enabled devices within the range of
  each other can discover and communicate with each
  other in a peer-to-peer fashion without involving
  central access points.
• Broadcast mode of communication
• Mobile

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Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks(Uses)

• Disaster management
• Military
• Supply chain management
• Environment studies
• Conferences
• Classrooms
• And many more..

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Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks(Energy Issues)

• Usually run on batteries
• Difficult to replenish
• Energy consumption must be carefully controlled
• Much of the energy consumption is because of data
  reception (0.5 mJ/bit) and transmission (1
  mJ/bit)
• Now compare this to only 0.8 mJ for 208 CPU
  cycles
• Efficient data transfers will alleviate much of
  the energy problem

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Current Handling of the Energy Problem

• MAC Layer
• Reducing transmission range
• Multi-hop transmission of packet
• Especially useful in areas of high node density

• Network Layer
• Energy efficient routing
• Route cost based on energy consumption along that
  path
• Route cost as a rapidly increasing function of
  decreasing remaining energy at a node
• Pruning of redundant data packets
• Routing over multiple paths selected randomly
• Proactive vs. Reactive routing

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My Research Objective

• Focus only on the network layer
• Survey of different energy efficient routing
  techniques and architectures
• Unicast and multicast traffic
• Pros Cons and situation dependent suitability
• Find open issues and research challenges

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Routing Techniques

• Network Structure
• Flat routing
• Hierarchical routing
• Location-based routing

• Protocol Operation
• Multi-path based routing
• Query based routing
• Negotiation based routing
• QoS based routing
• Coherent based routing

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References
1 http//compnetworking.about.com/cs/wirelessfaq
s/f/adhocwireless.htm 2 Sagnik Bhattacharya,
Hyung Kim, Shashi Prabh, Tarek F. Abdelzaher
Energy-Conserving Data Placement and Asynchronous
Multicast in Wireless Sensor Networks. MobiSys
2003 3 Marwan Krunz, Alaa Muqattash, Sung-Ju
Lee Transmission power control in wireless ad
hoc networks challenges, solutions and open
issues. IEEE Network 18(5) 8-14 (2004) 4 J.
Gao, L. J.  Guibas, J. Hershberger, L. Zhang and
A. Zhu. Geometric spanners for routing in mobile
networks. Proc. 2nd ACM Symp. on Ad-Hoc
Networking and Computing (MobiHoc), October 2001,
pages 45-55. 5 Rahul C. Shah and Jan M. Rabaey.
Energy aware routing for low energy ad hoc
sensor networks. In Proc. IEEE Wireless
Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC),
Orlando, FL, March 2002. 6 Ivan Stojmenovic,
"Position-based routing in ad hoc networks," IEEE
Communications Magazine, vol. 40, pp. 128--134,
July 2002. 7 Jamal N. Al-Karaki, Ahmed E.
Kamal, " Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor
Networks A Survey", IEEE Wireless
Communications, December 2004 8 Xiaoyan Hong,
Kaixin Xu, and Mario Gerla, "Scalable Routing
Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, " IEEE
Network, special issue on Scalability in
Communication Networks, July-Aug, 2002, pp. 11-21.
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