LECTURE NINE

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LECTURE NINE

• Non-Verbal Communication

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Nonverbal Communication

• Definition Human action and behavior and the
  corresponding meaning that is attached to
  behavior. In short, everything but the words.
• It is far more than just gestures and eye contact.

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Linkage of Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

• Complementwhat is being said and accompany the
  words.
• Accentingstrong action supporting words.
• Contradictingsay the opposite of the verbal
  message.

• Repeatingverbal signal followed by physical
  signal.
• Regulatingspeaking louder or holding up a hand.
• Substitutingusing action or symbols in lieu of
  words.

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Why pay attention to nonverbal?

• Exchange of information thru nonlinguistic signs
• Assists in drawing accurate conclusions
• Increases sensitivity

• Nonverbal is stronger
• Nonverbal adds to or qualifies message
• More frequent
• 7 words
• 55 body (facial, posture)
• 38 voice (Mehrabian (1968)

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Kinesics

• Movementmost studied category of nonverbal
  communication includes gestures as well as
  posture.
• Not a precise science.
• Differs between cultures.
• More accurate if observed over time.
• Gestures.
• Cultural context (Symbols and action vary).

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Strategic Usage of Nonverbal Signals

• Emblemsactually stand for something.
• Illustratorscomplement verbal message.
• Regulatorsgestures that control what a speaker
  says.
• Affect Displaymore complex and obvious.
• Adaptermoving body parts that simulate what you
  would like to do, but cant.

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PROXEMICSPersonal Space

• DISTANCE
• Intimate Distance 18
• Personal Distance 1 - 4
• Social Distance 4 - 8
• Public Distance 12
• STATUS
• Higher physical locations
• Privacy
• Propinquityclose to power

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Spatial Differences

• Proxemics zones vary according to
• Cultureawkwardness can result.
• GenderMen tend to maintain larger personal space
  bubbles than women.
• Temporary reductions cause people to stake out
  territory.
• Barriers
• Arranging personal stuff
• Cubicles

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Paralanguage

• Nonverbal aspects of vocal delivery pitch, tone,
  response or onset time, and duration of message.
• Nervoushigh pitch
• Slow responselying or thoughtful

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Men and Women in Business

• Men take up more space
• Handshakesfirm, not bone crunching.
• Women smile more and are expected to smile
• Women maintain eye contact longer

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Nonverbal Leakage of DeceptionLying

• BASE LINE behavior before judging
• MOVEMENT
• Hand-to-face (cover mouth)
• Nose rub
• Lip biting
• Foot tapping
• Open gestures show comfort.

• DRESS
• Close and open coat
• Play with collar
• Picking at lint on clothing
• PROXEMICS
• Moving away
• PARALANGUAGE
• Slow response
• Long answers
• Vocal pitch