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Problem Statement

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Human activity has no predefined structure, and we need to find structure in any ... Using an IS is a human activity. The target user population must be identified. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Problem Statement


1
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2
Problem Statement
  • ??
  • Objectives of design
  • ??
  • One sentence form of statement
  • Design a cash-based machine for quick, easy
    purchase of railway tickets by passengers.
  • ??
  • To transform the situation of concern into a
    design problem.
  • Avoid the risk of designing a solution to a
    problem that doesnt exist.

3
Course of Action
  • Situation of concern
  • a situation that needs changing (Figure 2.3)
  • Course of actions
  • particular components of the situation that is to
    be changed
  • Situations can be resolved in a variety ways.
  • Design problems
  • ways to provide course of actions through the use
    of interactive technology

4
Four components
  • Human activity
  • supported by the proposed interactive system
  • Users
  • who will perform the activity
  • Usability
  • the levels of support that the system will
    provide
  • Forms of solution
  • the basic solution only

5
Tasks
  • A unit of human activity
  • In order to achieve a specific goal.
  • A sequence of steps
  • Each step contributing in some way towards
    achieving the tasks goal.
  • Many different sequences based on the surrounding
    circumstances.
  • Human activity has no predefined structure, and
    we need to find structure in any activity we wish
    to support (e.g., A students day)
  • Hierarchical task description
  • Show each step as a contributor to a parents
    goal.
  • Designing a tool for a task
  • Something that people can pick up and then later
    put down.
  • The new tool will have to compete with the tools
    already available.

6
Process
  • A series of tasks
  • Distributed over time.
  • Involving a number of other people.
  • Tasks depend on resources
  • Files database, People, Ongoing processes
  • Processes are likely to form when the activity
    has multiple dependencies
  • Designing systems to support process
  • Support for the links between the tasks and
    resources
  • Automate tasks
  • Reduce dependencies making the processes into the
    single task.

7
The User
  • Using an IS is a human activity.
  • The target user population must be identified.
  • Should make sure
  • the usage is consistent with the human users
    general physical and cognitive abilities.
  • Adequate attention is paid to specific users
    particular skills, expertise, responsibilities,
    training, and working environment.

8
Usability
  • What do you think it means to make a system
    usable or unusable?
  • All aspects of an activitys performance that can
    be affected by the technology.
  • Speed of performance required man-power
  • Incidence of errors recovery from errors
  • Initial learning curve retention of learned
    skills
  • Customizability easiness to reorganize
    activities
  • User satisfaction
  • What are the key factors
  • affecting the situation of concerns
  • whether we are supporting tasks or processes
  • Setting the improvement levels
  • Need to understand how tasks and processes are
    being performed at present
  • Need to set realistic targets that we can achieve
    with the new systems

9
The form of solution
  • What is needed to resolve the situation of
    concern?
  • Must it be a computer system? If so, why?
  • Must it be an IS? If so, why?
  • How the support from IS is to be made available.
  • The application software and its user interface
  • The operating system and system resources
  • The hardware
  • Define the constraints that apply to the choice
    of solution.
  • To make use of technology that is owned or
    invested
  • Innovation vs. Existing technology

10
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  • ???? ?? ??? ??
  • ?? ???? ?? problem statement ??
  • Processes of the activity to be supported
  • Specific skills and characteristics of the users
  • Key usability factors and justification
  • Forms of solution and constraints
  • If the design problem cant be described in a
    single sentence, it isnt worth solving.
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