Introduction to Humanities Computing

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Introduction to Humanities Computing

• Spring 1999

Lecture Three
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Introduction to Humanities Computing

• François Lachance
• 416 326-2524 (o)
• TSH 205 (drop off)
• lachanc_at_mcmaster.ca

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Acronym Acrobatics

• ASCII
• chunk
• HTTP/HTML
• pair
• WIMP/GUI
• question
• PCMCIA
• invent

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E-mail Pointers
Francois You asked gt Have you done your gt
homework? -) Yes, I have. John Dogood

• Address your notes
• Sign your notes
• Give context
• Quoting other notes
• Dont quote too much
• Use carriage returns
• Reread before sending

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Parts of the Computer

• System Unit
• Motherboard
• CPU (Central Processing Unit)
• RAM
• Hard Drive and Floppy Drive
• Power Supply
• Daughterboards
• Keyboard
• Monitor
• Peripherals

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Review - Types of Storage
Storage
Permanent
Temporary
RAM
Removable
Fixed
Floppy
ROM
Hard Drive
CD-ROM
Magneto-Optical
Storage typically measured in K (Kilobytes) or
MB (Megabytes)
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Letters to bytes via bits
(8 Bits)
1 Byte 01000001
A
Laser
Floppy Disk
CD-ROM
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Brief History of Computing

• Types of Histories
• Babbage and Lovelace
• ENIAC
• Altair
• Apple
• IBM PC

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Types of Histories

• Mathematics
• Calculating Machines
• Business Processes
• Electronics - Transistors
• Media (Art and Cinema)
• People and Companies
• Humanities Computing

Business
al-Kharazmi
Alan Turing
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Babbage and Lovelace

• Charles Babbage (1791-1871)
• Difference Engine
• 1834 Analytical Engine
• Programmable (Cards)
• Mechanical
• Ada Lovelace

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Babbage and Lovelace
Bruce Sterling William Gibson The Difference
Engine Sadie Plant Zeros Ones
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ENIAC

• Mauchly and Eckert - 1943 proposal to Army
• ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and
  Computer) working in 1945 (after the war)
• von Neumann - EDVAC
• Transistor invented in 1947
• ICs - Integrated Circuits

Printer
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ENIAC Pictures
Programming with switches
Engineers
The initiating and cycling units of ENIAC
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Altair - the Microcomputer

• Intel 4004 Microprocessor 1969
• MITS - Altair
• Uses the Intel 8080
• Cover of Popular Electronics Jan. 1975
• MITS hires Allen (and Gates)
• 1973 Kildall creates CP/M

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Apple

• Steve Wozniak (the Woz)
• Steven Jobs
• Homebrew Computer Club
• Apple I - MOS 6502 chip
• 1976 Mike Markkula bought in
• 1977 the Apple II
• 1984 the Macintosh

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IBM PC

• Built on the Intel 8088
• Operating System from Microsoft (and others)
• Put together with existing components
• Open to cards and software
• Released in 1981

An IBM Clone
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Key Innovations

• Calculating device
• General Purpose Device - Programmability
• Digital Device
• Electrical Device
• Integrated Circuits - Transistors
• Interface from Commands to GUI
• Multiuser/Shared Computer to Personal Computer

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Histories

• Computer Journalism
• The Medias Fascination
• Science Fiction
• Computer Clubs
• Academic Computing

Humanist discussion list http//www.princeton.edu/
mccarty/humanist/index.html
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Archives
Humanist discussion list http//www.princeton.edu/
mccarty/humanist/index.html