Domains%20of%20Learning

1
Three Learning Domains
Bloom et al. are well known for dividing
categories of learning into the cognitive,
affective, and psychomotor domains. The cognitive
domain involves the learning and application of
knowledge. The affective domain addresses the
acquisition of attitudes and values, and the
psychomotor domain involves development of the
body and skills it performs.
2
Domain Taxonomies
A taxonomy classifies information into a
hierarchy of levels. Domain taxonomies reveal
that what educators want students to accomplish
(expressed by educational objectives) can be
arranged into levels of complexity, and that
those levels are best fulfilled sequentially.
Example The food guide pyramid is a taxonomy of
levels based on number of servings, or relative
contribution of a particular food group to total
food intake.
www.ncagr.com/agscool/ nutrition/pyramid.htm
3
Cognitive Domain
The cognitive domain involves the learning and
application of knowledge. The taxonomy contains
six levels that can be remembered by the
following mnemonic device
www.chorley.gov.uk/.../ 1/Bin-Thinking-logo.jpg
KickballCanAlmostAlwaysSeemEnjoyable
KnowledgeComprehensionApplicationAnalysisSynth
esisEvaluation
B. Bloom, ed., Taxonomy of educational
objectives, handbook I Cognitive domain. New
York McKay, 1956.
4
Cognitive Domain Levels
Level Description Verbs Objective
Knowledge To recall or recognize information in some pre-arranged form. Define List Define levels of cognitive domain.
Comprehen-sion To understand meaning of information based on prior learning. Describe Explain Interpret Explain purpose of cognitive domain.
Application To utilize information to complete a task with limited direction. Compute SolveUse Write objective for levels of cognitive domain.
Analysis To classify and relate assumptions or evidence. Contrast Examine Compare cognitive affective domains.
Synthesis To integrate or combine ideas into a new product or plan. Design DevelopOrganize Design way to write objectives that combines 3 domains.
Evaluation Critique idea based on specific standards and criteria. AppraiseJudgeJustify Judge effectiveness of writing objectives using taxonomy.
5
Cognitive Domain Levels
Research over the last 40 years has confirmed the
taxonomy as a hierarchy, with the exception of
the last two levels. It is uncertain whether
synthesis and evaluation should be reversed, or
whether synthesis and evaluation are at the same
level of difficulty, but use different cognitive
processes.
Creative Thinking
Critical Thinking
6
Affective Domain
The affective domain addresses the acquisition of
attitudes and values. The taxonomy contains five
levels that can be remembered by the following
mnemonic device
www.rhinocerospie.com/.../ archive-072004.html
Regular RudeVicesOffend Christ
Receiving Responding Valuing Organization
Characterization
Krathwohl, D., et al. (1956). Taxonomy of
educational objectives, handbook II Affective
domain. New York McKay.
7
Affective Domain Levels
Level Description Verbs Objective
Receiving Being aware of, or attending to something in the environment. ListenNoticeTolerate Listen attentively to badminton introduction.
Responding Showing some new behavior as a result of experience. Comply EnjoyFollow Voluntarily help set up badminton nets.
Valuing Showing some definite involvement or commitment. Carry out Express Attend optional badminton match.
Organization Integrating a new value into one's general set of values relative to other priorities. ChooseConsider Prefer Purchase own badminton racket.
Characterization Acting consistently with the new value person is known by the value. Act on DepictExemplify Join intramurals to play badminton twice per week.
8
Psychomotor Domain
The psychomotor domain involves development of
the body and skills it performs. The taxonomy
contains seven levels that can be remembered by
the following mnemonic device
www.campdiscovery.com/ Specialist-04/Tennis-01.jpg

Premium Pandas Acquire Rare Value In China
Perceiving Patterning Accommodating Refining
Varying Improvising Composing
Bressans adaptations of Jewett et al.,
Educational change through a taxonomy for
writing physical education objectives, Quest 15,
35-36, 1971.
9
Psychomotor Domain Levels
Level Description Verbs Objective
Perceiving Recognizing movement position or pattern. Listen Observe Discover headstand movement principles.
Patterning Reproducing movement position or pattern. Imitate Practice Perform headstand following modeling.
Accommodating Using or modifying movement position or pattern. Adjust Modify Use headstand in routine.
Refining Demonstrating efficient control in performing pattern. ImproveMaster Perform headstand with pointed toes.
Varying Performing movement pattern in different ways. Design Develop Perform headstand in three positions.
Improvising Originating novel movement or movement combinations. Construct Invent Combine headstand with new skill.
Composing Creating unique movement pattern. Create Invent Create floor exercise routine.