Skills for the Development of Self Instructionallearning Multimedia materials SLIM

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Skillsfor the Development of Self
Instructional/learning Multi-media
materials(SLIM)
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What does a SLIM Designer Do?

• Determine what the learners need to know
  (learning needs analysis)
• Develop learning outcomes
• Plan assessment at the end of the course as well
  as during the course
• Allocate outcomes to various units of the course

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What does a SLIM Designer Do? (Contd.)

• Decide the kinds of activities needed to achieve
  the outcomes of the unit
• Decide the examples needed to enable learners
  learn each outcome
• Identify any graphics needed
• Plan the self assessment needed for that unit
• Write the unit
• Test evaluate the materials
• Revise to take account of the evaluation results

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Skills Needed

• Analyse learning needs of learners and write
  Learning outcomes for the unit
• Write sections and sub-sections
• Write intext questions for self
  assessment/feedback
• Summing Up
• Designing Unit end exercises

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What Are Learning Outcomes?

• Statements of intent (what the learner should be
  able to do as a result of studying the particular
  unit)
• Learner competency/objectives related statements

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Types of Objectives

• Objectives can be classified in many different
  ways
• Benjamin Bloom identified three domains of
  objectives
• -Cognitive Domain (Thinking)
• -Affective Domain (Feeling)
• Psycho-motor Domain (Doing)

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Cognitive Domain

• Cognitive Domain connected with thinking and
  knowledge is obviously the most important for
  SLIM Designers. There are six levels under this
  domain
• Knowledge
• Understanding/Comprehension
• Application
• Analysis
• Synthesis
• Evaluation

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Characteristics of good Learning Objectives

• LOs should indicate the learner beahaviour at the
  end of the unit. Objectives should be
  
• - Specific
• - Measurable
• - Achievable
• - Realistic
• - Time-bound
• (SMART)
• They should also be simple, clear and precise.

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Sources of Objectives

• Syllabus/Module/Unit outlines/Subject Content
• Nature/level of the Target Group
• Skills/Attitudes to be developed/changed
• Learning Objectives of the subject/course
• Own Experience of the course/unit writer

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Value of Objectives

• Enable SLIM Developers to
• Clarify educational intentions
• Identify and sequence content
• Decide on most appropriate media (in case of
  multi-media materials)
• Select the most appropriate activities
• Decide on suitable ways of assessing learning
• Evaluate the effects effectiveness of materials

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Value of Objectives

• Advantages for Learners
• Show them what is to be covered in the unit
  (concepts to be learned, skills to be mastered)
• Present them with challenges ahead and standards
  to be achieved
• Enable them to evaluate themselves (assess own
  progress against objectives)
• Build their self confidence
• Prepare them for learning and examinations

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Write sections and sub-sections

• Arouse attention and motivate
• Link up with previous knowledge
• In-built guidance for learning
• Activate suggest activities for learning in
  between
• Provide feedback (through intext questions)
• Facilitate retention (tables, graphics, flow
  charts, etc. in between and summarizing at the
  end)

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Writing Clearly

• Use Familiar words in preference to less
  familiar.

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• Use short sentences in preference to long, but
  not at the expense of cohesion
• Do not use unnecessary words and phrases
• Highlight the key points

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• Write in a logical order

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• Give specific and concrete instances

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• Prefer the positive to the negative

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In-text questions

• Provide feedback for self assessment
• Put in variety of questions mainly objective and
  short answer
• Questions should be based on the preceding
  section/sub-sections
• Answers or hints be provided

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Summing Up

• Recapitulation of the whole unit
• Highlight important points
• Help in retention
• Help in quick revision

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Unit end exercises

• Meant for self assessment of learning after the
  whole unit
• Variety of questions
• Essay type long questions may be included
• Questions should be stated in clear unambiguous
  language
• Ansers/hints may be provided

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THANK YOU

• Anita devraj