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International Human Rights

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A series of 4 conventions beginning in 1860s, and in force since 1949. Article 3 prohibits mistreatment of prisoners, including torture and 'degrading ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: International Human Rights


1
International Human Rights
2
Early history
  • 1865 Confederate soldiers executed for executing
    prisoners
  • 1915 Allied Powers charge govt of Turkey with
    crimes against humanity

3
Geneva Conventions
  • A series of 4 conventions beginning in 1860s, and
    in force since 1949
  • Article 3 prohibits mistreatment of prisoners,
    including torture and degrading and humiliating
    treatment
  • Treatment of non-signatories?

4
1948--Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  • personal, social, legal, and political rights
  • followed by dozens of other international
    conventions

5
After WWII, War Crimes Tribunals established in
Tokyo and Nuremburg
  • Following orders no defense
  • Crimes were attacking countries at peace

6
Genocide
  • 1949 Convention passed GA against Genocide
    after Armenian and Jewish genocides
  • Extermination in whole or in part
  • Preventing reproduction
  • Transferring children
  • obligates international action
  • 1986 Senate ratifies convention

7
Genocide
  • Cambodia
  • Yugoslavia
  • Rwanda
  • and now http//video.on.nytimes.com/ifr_main.jsp?n
    sida3f1beb1810c2bb17bbd27ddfr_storyc2019d50a4
    479b0245dddf3b513daa7eba46cd9est1151792575888mp
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  • Sudan
  • weak UN or international responses

8
(No Transcript)
9
Also National laws
  • American, Belgian, and other national laws allow
    prosecutions of crimes committed elsewhere
  • American law--even non-citizens can sue people
    who have entered the US for crimes committed
    elsewhere

10
International Courts
  • In the 90s, tribunals for war crimes committed
    in Yugoslavia and Rwanda
  • establishing precedent of holding leaders
    accountable

11
ICC
  • 2002 permanent International Criminal Court
    established
  • US refuses to ratify

12
Pinochet
  • 1998 arrested in England for extradition to Spain
  • British court held no immunity for head of state
  • Released due to failing health
  • Currently under investigation in Chile for murder
    and fraud

13
Saddam Hussein
  • Is held by American military, but tried by Iraqi
    special tribunal

14
Charles Taylor
  • Is being tried in special Sierra Leone Court,
    organized by UN, take place at ICC in Hague
  • Serve sentence in Britain (if convicted)

15
Special case before ICJ (World Court)
  • Bosnia suing Serbia

16
Ending conflicts
  • South Africas Truth and Reconciliation
    Commission
  • Also in many other countries Argentina, Algeria,
    Chile, El Salvador, Liberia, East Timor, US, etc

17
Rights of Women
  • http//video.on.nytimes.com/ifr_main.jsp?nsida3f1
    beb1810c2bb17bbd27ddfr_storyc2019d50a4479b0245
    dddf3b513daa7eba46cd9est1151792575888mpFLVcpf
    falsefr070106_062146_3f1beb18x10c2bb17bbdx2746
    rdm720432.7126377582
  • http//select.nytimes.com/packages/khtml/2006/01/2
    2/opinion/20060122_KRISTOF_VIDEO.html
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