Picosecond Timing Hardware Workshop

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Pico-second Timing Hardware Workshop

• Sponsored by
• High Energy Physics Division at ANL
• Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago

Organization committee K. Byrum
(ANL) Henry Frisch (UC) Carlos Wagner (ANL/UC)
Part 1 - November 18,2005 Part 2 Spring 2006
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Goals of the Workshop

• To discuss and explore scientific opportunities
  in a wide range of fields opened up by large-area
  TOF detectors with psec resolution.
• To explore problems and solutions in the
  implementation of psec-resolution large area
  detectors.
• To foster collaboration and communication among
  those interested.

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• Unique Workshop - eclectic mixture of people and
  disciplines
• HEP detectors
• Cosmic ray detectors
• Accelerator Diagnostics
• Medical PET
• Nuclear Physics
• Engineers Physicists - students
• Universities, Laboratories, Industry

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• Introduction-Particle ID in HEP
• To study flavor physics need good hadron
  identification. Is it a Kaon or a Pion?
• CP Bs mixing, B tagging
• top-mass (Mrenna)
• HEP excellent (large) tracking
• good particle ID
• precision calorimetry
• Ideally want a massless thin particle
  ID

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• Introduction-Particle ID in HEP
• In HEP - 2 main techniques for determining
  high-energy particle ID (up to few GeV/c)
• The Cherenkov Technique
• Belle, BABAR LHCB PID by measuring the angle of
  light emitted by a particle traversing a
  transparent radiator.
• Time of Flight
• CDF PID by measuring the transit time of the
  creation of a particle to an outer ring of
  detectors.

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The Cherenkov Technique
Belle, LHCB use Aerogel

• Uses either aerogel (Belle,LHCB) or long
  rectangular bars (Babar) which are cherenkov
  radiators.
• Particle traversing medium generates a cone of
  cherenkov radiation whose angle -gt velocity .
• Get PID up to about a few GeV/c.
• Takes significant radial space.
• Accuracy is limited by the resolution on the
  angle of light.

BABAR DIRC system
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Time of Flight

• Uses long rectangular bars which are cherenkov
  radiators.
• Particle traversing bar generates a pulse at time
  T1 know the distance -gt velocity
• Get PID up to few GeV/c
• Accuracy is limited by resolution of time
  measurement.

CDF
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TOF in HEP

• We (HEP) measure space to microns now, but
  delta-time hasnt changed in 30 years.
• Current State-of-the-Art 100 pSec (based on
  vaccum PMTs or hybrid HPDs, timing
  discriminators and time to digital convertors)
• Using MCP-PMTs goal 100 Times Better!
• For the last few years, HenryUC group pursuing
  large area TOF using MCP-PMTs
• ANL involvement gt grew out of recent fostering
  of collaborative partnership

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MCP-MPTs as TOF
Characteristic scale of HEP TOF systems has been
inches. i.e. the path for light electrons to
traverse -gt inches 1 inch -
delta T 100 psec If you want 1 psec -gt
scale of lt 300 microns MCP-MPTs are
natural candidates - micron pore size. Q What
is the intrinsic limit and what limits this? Q
How do you collect the charge? Q How do you read
it out? Q How do you test this? Q Do you see
the particle?
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Challenges

• Detectors MCP-PMT
• Modeling of performance
• Construction and electrical characterization of
  equal-time anode.
• Chip Development
• Modeling of Performance
• Design at High Frequencies
• Understanding Parasitics
• Testing
• Must Build Entire Sensor/Readout Chain to Fully
  Characterize Performance
• Need Specialized Equipment, Ultimately a Test
  Beam
• System Issues
• Clock Distribution
• Calibration (in situ)
• Stability

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Layout of this workshop

• We hope talks will stimulate discussion and
  generate ideas
• Encourage you to push the envelope

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• AGENDA here