Policies and measures Introduction Katia Simeonova UNFCCC Secretariat

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Policies and measures Introduction Katia
SimeonovaUNFCCC Secretariat
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1. Purpose

• Article 12.2 Parties shall provide a detailed
  description on PAMs adopted under Article 4.2(a)
  and (b), and specific estimates of their effects
• Article 4.2(b) Parties shall report pursuant to
  Article 12 information on PAMs adopted under
  Article 4.2 (a) as well as on their projected GHG
  emissions.
• Article 4.2(e) Parties shall
• Coordinate as appropriate with other such Parties
  relevant economic and administrative instruments
  developed to achieve the Convention objectives
• Identify and review PAMs that may lead to greater
  levels of GHG emissions

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1. Purpose (continued_1)

• Provide information to be reviewed by the COP in
  order to
• Promote and facilitate the exchange of
  information on PAMs (Article 7.2 (b)),
• Promote the development of comparable
  methodologies for preparing GHG inventories and
  for evaluating the effectiveness of PAMs (Artcile
  7.2 (d))
• Assess the overall effects of PAMs
  (environmental, economic and social effects) and
  progress towards achieving the objective of the
  Convention (Article 7.2(e))

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2. Status of reporting in the 1st and 2nd
National Communications (NC)

• All Parties reported information on PAMs
• Information on PAMs varied significantly in terms
  of scope and coverage
• What was reported
• CC policies targeted multiple objectives
• They did not necessarily have CC mitigation as a
  primary objective
• There was no uniform pattern or unique formula
  for PAMs
• Shift towards wider use of economic instruments

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3. Some problems encountered

• Most of the Parties reported PAMs by gas and by
  sector
• Objective of the PAMs, the type of policy
  instrument and the status of implementation
  (actually implemented, or planned PAMs) was not
  always clear
• Information on how PAMs interact with other
  policies was rarely provided
• Information on PAMs, which encourage activities
  leading to greater levels of GHG emissions was
  hardly ever provided
• Voluminous reporting not always contributed to
  clarity

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3. Some problems encountered (continued_1)

• Quantifying the effects significant improvement
  from NC1 to NC2. Still this remained one of the
  most difficult issues for many Parties
• Some Parties did not quantify the GHG saved at
  all
• Some provided only ranking of PAMs to reflect
  their relative importance
• Few Parties provided estimates of the effect
  delivered by individual measures
• Not clear whether the estimates are related to
  implemented or planned policies
• Not clear whether emission savings are for a
  period of time or for a given year
• Information related to the cost of PAMs was
  rarely provided
• Summary table was not always used, if used was
  incomplete

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4. New reporting guidelines

• Selection of PAMs for the NC
• Parties should give priority to PAMs, which are
• the most significant in terms of their impact on
  GHG mitigation
• innovative and/or effectively replicable by other
  Parties
• implemented and/or planned
• Reported PAMs should be
• at national, state, provincial, regional and
  local levels
• in the context of regional or international
  efforts
• PAMs on international transport
• Parties should report PAMs pursuant to Article
  4.2 (e) (ii), i.e. those that lead to greater
  levels of GHG emissions

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4. New reporting guidelines (continued_1)

• Structure of the PAMs sections
• description of PAMs by sector and by gas (new)
• list of sectors energy, transport, industry,
  agriculture, forestry and waste management, as
  well as cross-sectoral PAMs
• reference to previous NC for PAMs maintained over
  time
• possibility for a presentation of aggregated
  effect of PAMs for several measures
• Policy making process
• description of the overall policy context,
  national GHG targets, strategies for sustainable
  development, inter-ministerial decision-making
  process/bodies
• description of the monitoring and evaluation of
  PAMs over time
• To improve comparability of information on
  PAMstwo sets of information is required
• generic information government structure,
  population, geographic, climate and economic
  profiles
• sector specific information energy
  transportation, industry, waste, building stock
  and urban structure, agriculture, forest and
  others.

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4. New reporting guidelines (continued_1)

• Policies and measures and their effect
• The presentation of information should include
• name and a short description of the PAMs
• objective of the PAMs
• GHG affected
• type, or types of PAMs
• status of implementation
• implementing entity
• It should also include, as appropriate a
  quantitative estimate of the impacts of
  individual PAMs, or collections of PAMs
• It may include information
• on the costs of PAMs
• on non-GHG mitigation benefit
• how the policy interacts with other PAMs
• Parties shall provide information on how they
  believe PAMs are modifying longer term trends

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4. New reporting guidelines (continued_2)

• Policies and measures no longer in place
• Summary table