DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD MITIGATION DVGMH

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Crisis-preparedness of the people of
TAROGONG-GARUT, A SMALL TOWN ON THE FOOT OF
GUNTUR VOLCANO, WEST JAVA-INDONESIA
BY MAS ATJE PURBAWINATA AND A. DJUMARMA
WIRAKUSUMAH
DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION DVGMH DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF GEOLOGY
AND MINERAL RESOURCES (DGGMR) MINISTRY OF ENERGY
AND MINERAL RESOURCES (MEMR) OF THE REPUBLIC OF
INDONESIA PRESENTED IN UN-EARLY WARNING
CONFERENCE II BONN, GERMANY, OCTOBER, 15-18, 2003
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DISTRIBUTION MAP OF INDONESIAN VOLCANOES
DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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I. INTRODUCTION
Almost 156 years since 1847 until now, Guntur
volcano, West Java, Indonesia, has been in a
quite state. It is the most active volcano in
Java after Merapi and Semeru not until 1847. The
last two volcanoes are still very active until
now.   Guntur volcano lies on the edge SE of a
NW-SE lineation of Gandapura-Masigit-Paruhpuyan-Ka
buyutan-Guntur volcanic centers. Its crater
plugged with a volcanic neck of basaltic
composition. The most recent eruption in 1847
produced tholeiitic basaltic lava flow reaching
the Cipanas village of Tarogong town, 4 km SE of
the crater. In its historic eruption times,
Guntur volcano resulted volcanic collapses,
series of pyroclastic flows, ash falls, and
effusive lava flows. Differentiation of magmatic
composition below Guntur volcano may be changed
with the time. With such a danger of eruption and
along time of quite state, it is obvious that
Tarogong town would be immediately threatened by
the incoming eruption in the future.   For
generations, people of Tarogong lacked of
eruption experiences. Crisis-preparedness among
the people and local government seems to be
minimum. It could be a bizarre situation for them
whenever the eruption occurred. Properly
mitigation efforts and disaster management
strategy could minimize the hazard of the
incoming eruption.
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GUNTUR VOLCANO
OTHER NAME GEDE VOLCANO GUNUNG
GEDE CRATER GUNTUR CRATER VOLCANO TYPE
STRATO VOLCANO HEIGHT 2249M A.S.L OBSERVATORY
SIRNAJAYA VILLAGE TAROGONG DISTRICT THE
NEAREST PLACE TAROGONG TOWN 5KM SE OF THE
CRATER WITH POPULATION 50,000
DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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LOCATION MAP OF GUNTUR VOLCANO
GUNTUR
TAROGONG TOWN
GARUT CITY
PAPANDAYAN
CIKURAY
DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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VIEW OF GUNTUR VOLCANO WITH 1847 LAVA FLOW DOWN 4
KM TO THE SOUTH FLANK
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II. VOLCANIC ACTIVITY OF GUNTUR VOLCANO

• HISTORICAL RECORDS SINCE 1690
• LAVA FLOWS FROM CENTRAL CRATER
• ASH FALL, REACHED JAKARTA, SUKABUMI, CIANJUR,
  BOGOR CITIES,
• 240 KM, NW, AND W OF THE GUNTUR CRATER
• FELT SHOCKS PRIOR TO THE ASH ERUPTIONS, GAS
  EMMISIONS, AND
• PYROCLASTIC FLOWS. ERUPTION SOUNDS WERE VERY
  LOUD
• ASH AND GLOWING ASH COLLUMN FOLLOWED BY GLOWING
• VOLCANIC BOBMS REACHED TAROGONG 5 KM SE (
  10CM) AND
• GARUT CITY 9 KM SE ( 6 CM)
• GEOLOGICAL EVIDENCES SHOWED THE EXISTENCES OF
  DEBRIS
• AVALANCHES DEPOSITS
• PERIOD OF ACTIVITIES BETWEEN 1-38 YEARS IN
  BETWEEN 1690-1847,
• AND THE QUIESCENT STATE OF 156 YEARS SINCE
  THEN.

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DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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III. SMALL TOWN OF TAROGONG

• POPULATION 25,000
• LOCATED ONLY 5KM SE OF THE GUNTUR CRATER
• THE NEAREST CIPANAS VILLAGE WAS REACHED BY 1847
  LAVA FLOW.
• CIPANAS VILLAGE IS A TOURIS RESORT WITH
• HOT SPRINGS,
• HOT WATER POOLS,
• PLENTY OF HOTELS,
• TAROGONG TOWN IS ALSO WELL KNOWN AS
• A FRESH WATER FISH CENTER FOR WEST JAVA,
• AGRICULTURE, AND
• VEGETABLES PLANTATION AREAS
• RESETTLEMENTS OF POPULATION ARE GROWING FAST
  TOWARD
• THE FLANK OF GUNTUR VOLCANO FOR THE LAST 5
  YEARS

DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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SMALL CITY OF TAROGONG, IN THE BACKGROUND, WITH
25,000 POPULATION, 5 KM S OF GUNTUR CRATER
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IV. MITIGATION EFFORTS BY DVGHM

• GUNTUR VOLCANO OBSERVATORY HAS BEEN SET UP FOR
  MONITORING OF
• 3 VOLCANOES GUNTUR,
• PAPANDAYAN, AND
• GALUNGGUNG
• TELEMTRED SEISMOGRAPHS, ON GUNTUR 5
  STATIONS
• ON PAPANDAYAN 1 STATION
• ON GALUNGGUNG 2 STATIONS
• TELEMETRED WATER TUBE TILTMETER ON GUNTUR
• EDM, TEMPERATURE, AND GPS MEASUREMENTS AND
  VOLCANIC GAS CHEMICAL
• MONITORING PERIODICALLY
• PUBLISHED GUNTUR GEOLOGICAL MAP
• PUBLISHED GUNTUR VOLCANIC HAZARD MAP

GUPAGAL VOLCANIC MONITORING REGIONAL CENTER IN
WEST JAVA
SINCE 1990 IN COOPERATION WITH THE SVO, DPRI
KYOTO UNIV- JAPAN
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MONITORING ROOM IN GUNTUR VOLCANO OBSERVATORY
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GUNTUR VOLCANIC HAZARD MAP
DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
13
V. INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION FOR INCREASING OF
VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
VOLCANO OBSERVATORY POST
THE NEAREST AIRPORT STAKEHOLDERS
HEAD OF SECTION
HEAD OF DIVISION
REGENCY (SATLAK)
COMMUNITY AROUND THE VOLCANO
DIRECTOR OF VGHM
GOVERNOR (SATKORLAK)
DGGMR
BAKORNAS PBP
EXPLANATION
INTL AIRPORT METEO. OFFICE DIRECT. OF AVIATION
SAFETY
LEVEL I (NORMAL)
LEVEL II/III LEVEL IV
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VI. CRISIS-PREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT OF
TAROGONG TOWN COMMUNITY

• TASK FORCES FOR EMERGENCIES (SATLAK FOR
  REGENCY LEVEL AND
• SATGAS FOR DISTRICT LEVEL) HAVE BEEN SET UP
• BARRACKS FOR EVACUATION HAVE NOT BEEN AVAILABLE
• EVACUATION TRACKS SIGNS HAVE NOT BEEN
  PREPARED
• FOR MORE THAN 150 YEARS (MORE OR LESS 4
  GENERATIONS) THE PEOPLE
• OF TAROGONG TOWN HAVE NEVER BEEN EXPERIENCED
  WITH THE
• GUNTUR VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
• THE PAPANDAYAN 2002 ERUPTION AND THE 2003
  KADUNGORA LANDSLIDE
• EVENTS HAVE STARTED THE PEOPLE OF GARUT
  REGENCY, PRIVATE SECTORS,
• AND THE LOCAL GOVERNMENTS TO REALIZE THE
  IMPORTANCE OF VOLCANIC
• HAZARD ASSESMENT TO DEVELOP THE EFFECTIVE
  HAZARD MITIGATION
• STRATEGIES RELATED TO THE PLANNING, RESPONSE,
  RECOVERY AND
• DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC FOR ALL
  COMMUNITIES.

DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761
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VII. DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

• THE DVGHM IS CONTINUING ITS EFFORTS TO MONITOR
  AND
• TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE PEOPLE AND LOCAL
  GOVERNMENT
• OF TAROGONG TOWN, INCLUDING EN-ROUTING FOR
• THE EVACUATION
• GUNTUR VOLCANO OBSERVATORY IS OPEN TO THE
  PUBLIC IN
• THE RESPONS OF ANY INQUARY ABOUT THE GUNTUR
  VOLCANO
• ACTIVITY.
• VOLCANIC INFORMATIONS FOR EVERY TWO WEEKS HAVE
  BEEN
• EMANATING FOR THE PEOPLE SURROUNDING AND THE
  LOCAL
• GOVERNMENT.
• EDUCATE THE PEOPLE THROUGH FACE TO FACE MEETING
  WITHIN
• THE VILLAGES OF TAROGONG TOWN.
• VOLCANIC HAZARD MAPS HAVE BEEN DISTRIBUTED TO
  THE
• PEOPLE OF TAROGONG

DIRECTORATE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOLOGYCAL HAZARD
MITIGATION JL. DIPONEGORO 57 BANDUNG, INDONESIA
40122 TEL [phone] FAX
(62-22) 720 2761