EconomicIndustrial Evolution

1
Economic-Industrial Evolution

• Causes of Economic Population Growth
• What were the four factors?
• Divide your screen/paper into four sections
• Put a blank box in the middle of the page
• Draw Label each one
• Write one sentence about how each
• one contributed to growth

2
CQ To what extent did the Antebellum North
West expand opportunity?

• economic opportunity
• social opportunity
• political opportunity

3
Agricultural Innovation

• Deere McCormick (1837 1840s)
• Federal Land Policy
• Ideal (1.25/acre)
• Reality (Squatters Speculators)
• Expanding America

4
Whitneys Gun Factory
Interchangeable Parts Rifle
5
Railroads tracking success

• Linking west north
• Samuel F.B Morse1844
• Senator StephenA. Douglas, 1850
• Incentives for RR builders

6
Immigration Issues I
7
Immigration Issues II
8
Focus Activity Free Labor Ideal3 minutes

• List groups unsatisfied with free labor system
• What common problems do they see with the
  free-labor ideal?

9
CQ To what extent did the Antebellum North
West offerexpanded opportunity?

• economic opportunity
• social opportunity
• political opportunity

10
The Pursuit of Perfection In Antebellum
America
11
Transcendentalism (European Romanticism)
understanding and the cultivation of reasoning.
Transcend the limits of intellect and allow
the emotions, the SOUL,to create an original
relationshipwith the Universe. Who are the
transcendalists?
12
The Anti-TranscendentalistNathaniel Hawthorne
(1804-1864)
pursuit of the ideal led to a distorted view
of human nature and possibilities The
Blithedale Romance
accept the world as an imperfect place
Scarlet Letter House of the Seven
Gables
13
Utopian Communities
14
The Oneida CommunityNew York, 1848
Millenarianism --gt the 2ndcoming of Christ had
already occurred.
Humans were no longer obliged to follow the
moral rules of the past.

• all residents married to each other.

• carefully regulated free love.

John Humphrey Noyes(1811-1886)
15
What It Would Be Like If Ladies Had Their Own Way!
R2-8
16
Cult of Domesticity Slavery
The 2nd Great Awakening inspired women to improve
society.
Lucy Stone
Angelina Grimké
Sarah Grimké

• American WomensSuffrage Assoc.
• edited Womans Journal

• Southern Abolitionists

R2-9
17
R2-6/7
Womens Rights
1840 --gt split in the abolitionist movement
over womens role in it. London --gt World
Anti-Slavery Convention
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Lucretia Mott
1848 --gt Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments
18
Frederick Douglass (1817-1895)
1845 The Narrative of the Life Of
Frederick Douglass 1847 The North Star
R2-12
19
Sojourner Truth (1787-1883)or Isabella Baumfree
1850 --gt The Narrative of Sojourner Truth
R2-10
20
Harriet Tubman (1820-1913)
Moses

• Helped over 300 slaves to freedom.
• 40,000 bounty on her head.
• Served as a Union spy during the Civil War.

21
The Underground Railroad

• Conductor leader of the escape
• Passengers escaping slaves
• Tracks routes
• Trains farm wagons transporting
  the escaping slaves
• Depots safe houses to rest/sleep

22
The Underground Railroad
23
CQ To what extent did the Antebellum West
expand opportunity?

• economic opportunity
• social opportunity
• political opportunity

24
Manifest Destiny
Americas Ambitions Fulfilled?
25
Manifest Destiny

• First coined by newspaper editor, John
  OSullivan in 1845.

• ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over
  spread and to possess the whole of the continent
  which Providence has given us for the development
  of the great experiment ofliberty and
  development of self-government entrusted to us.
  It is right such as that of the tree to the space
  of air and the earth suitable for the full
  expansion of its principle and destiny of
  growth."

26
American Progress by John Gast, 1872
27
The Oregon Trail Albert Bierstadt, 1869
28
Trails to the West Mormon, SantaFe, and
Oregon/California Trail
29
Trails Westward
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Overland Immigration to the West

• Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000
  people made the trek westward.

31
Value AnalysisDid Oregon Men Women have
different values?Twenty Year Study based on
journals

• Men
• Practical Issues 28
• Physiological 26
• Beauty 21
• Friendship 6
• Aggression 15 7
• (NA attacks, hunting)
• Other 4

• Women
• Practical Issues 24
• Physiological 24
• Beauty 23
• Friendship 15
• Aggression 7
• Other 4

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Implications for Indians

• Plains v. Woodland
• Perception v. Reality
• Leading causes of death
• Fort Laramie Conference, 1851

33
The Mormons(The Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-Day Saints)
Joseph Smith (1805-1844)

• 1823 --gt Golden Tablets
• 1830 --gt Book of Mormon

34
The Mormon Trek
35
The Mormons(The Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-Day Saints)
Brigham Young(1801-1877)
Desert community. Salt Lake City, UT
36
The Road to Texas Independence (1820s-1845)
37
The Americanization of Texas

• Santa Fé Trail
• Stephen F. Austin
• Conditions of settlement
• Problems of assimilation
• Santa Annas iron fist

38
Texas Declaration of Independence
39
Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836
Sam Houston(1793-1863)
Steven Austin(1793-1836)
40
Davey Crocketts Last Stand
41
The Battle of the Alamo
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Recaptures
the Alamo
42
The Republic of Texas
43
The Election of 1840
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H. S.
Chappaqua, NY
44
WHIGS --gt William Henry Harrison
45
WHIGS --gt John Tyler, VP
46
The Election of 1844
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley H. S.
Chappaqua, NY
47
Annexation of Texas

• Tylers Texas
• Annexation?
• Political Problems
• Election of 1844
• Polk v. Clay
• James G. Birney, The Free Soilers
• Tylers Texas 2
• Annexation!

48
Dems --gt James Knox Polk
49
The Oregon Dispute 54 40º or Fight!

• Oregon Fever promise of free land.
• Polks Political Agenda
• 49th Parallel

50
CQ To what extent did the Antebellum West
offerexpanded opportunity?

• economic opportunity
• social opportunity
• political opportunity

51
What sparked Americas interestin California?

• Spanish Mexican Governance
• Presidios, Missions Rancheros
• Alta California Backwater
• American Interest
• California Trail
• Jackson (1835)
• Commodore ThomasCatsby Jones (1842)

52
The Mexican War (1846-1848)
53
The Slidell Mission Nov., 1845

• Mexican recognition of Rio Grande River as
  TX-US border.
• US would forgive American citizens claims
  against Mexican govt.
• US would purchase the New Mexico area for
  5,000,000.
• US would buy California at any price.

John Slidell
54
The Bear Flag Republic
The Revolt ? June 14, 1846
John C. Frémont
55
The Mexican War (1846-1848)
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Unresolved Issues New Opportunities
57
Wilmot Proviso, 1846
Provided, territory from that, as an express
and fundamental condition to the acquisition of
any the Republic of Mexico by the United States,
by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated
between them, and to the use by the Executive of
the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery
nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in
any part of said territory. DISCUSS WHY WOULD
WILMOT HAVE PROPOSED THIS PLAN?
Congr. David Wilmot(D-PA)
58
The Mexican Cession
59
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848

• What became the new US-Texas border?
• What territory did Mexico surrender?
• What did the U. S. give Mexico?

60
GOLD! At Sutters Mill, 1848
John A. Sutter
61
California Gold Rush, 1849
49ers
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Results of the Mexican War

• Who were the two principal military heroes?
• What did it do for men like Robert E. Lee
  Ulysses S. Grant?
• To what extent did it affirm the ideas of
  Manifest Destiny?
• What new problems did the war create?

63
Trends in Antebellum America 1810-1860

• New intellectual and religious movements.
• Social reforms.
• Beginnings of Industrial Evolution in America.
• Re-emergence of a second party system and
  morepolitical democratization.
• Increase in federal power w/ Marshall Ct.
  decisions.
• Increase in American nationalism.
• Further westward expansion.

64
Bibliography

• Pojer, Sue. PowerPoint Palooza The French and
  Indian War.
• 15 September 2006
• lthttp//historyteacher.net/PPTPortalPage.htmgt.
• 21 September 2006.