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BEE - S L Program Distribution Transformers
Fluorescent Tube Lamps

• PRESENTED AT THE WORKSHOP
• ON
• ENERGY CONSERVATION ACT,2001 ROLE OF STATE
  AGENCIES
• NEW DELHI 23rd 24th FEBRUARY, 2005

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Technical Committee
CONSUMER
Testing Institution
Manufacturers
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Technical Committee Responsibilities

• Identify technical parameters
• Study validate test procedures for adoption
• Define criteria for Laboratories (NABL)
• Identify recommend Laboratories for testing ?
• Decide on label rating plan ?
• Decide parameters on label
• Design label
• Decide on enforcement mechanism and work out
  protocol
• Carry out economic analysis for MEPS
• Recommend MEPS

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Recommendation 1

• Reduce temperature rise limits
• Due to frequent overloading in service, life
  deteriorates.
• Contributes to poor reliability.
• The current temperature rise limits 50/550C over
  the ambient of 500C
• Temperature rise limits revised to 35/400C over
  the ambient of 500C of top oil and winding
  respectively.
• Implication on cost average of 3.
• Similar changes helped GEB to reduce
  failure rate from 27 to 20.

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Recommendation 2

• Energy efficiency labels
• Manufacturers would conduct the test as per the
  approved procedure register with BEE display
  label on the transformer.
• Label will display rated capacity, star rating
  and maximum total losses at 50 and 100 loads.
• No positive tolerance on the displayed label
  value.

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Sample DT label
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Basis for Star rating plan
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X axis is PU Load Y axis price in Rs.
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Limits at 100 load
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Recommendation 3

• Star rating plan
• The star rating represents the loss level and
  will represent the efficiency status.
• Star 1 is current IS level and Star 5 will be
  lowest loss specifications.
• Star rating will represent total losses at 50
  100 loads and at 750C.

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Recommendation 3
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Recommendation 3




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Recommendation 3
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Existing Proposed efficiency levels
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Comparison with international standards
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Impact of star 3 on cost material
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Energy saving potential in 1st year
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PAY BACK PERIOD
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Recommendation 5

• Utility purchases
• Utility to improve MEPS from star 1(IS-1180) to
  Min star 3.

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Fluorescent Tube Lights

• S L Program

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Lighting industry in India
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Fluorescent Tubular Lamps ( FTL )

• Fluorescent type lamps (F) are broadly divided
  into double ended lamp (FD) (also called tubular
  or linear ( FTL )).
• Single ended lamp (FS) (also called compact)
  types and self ballasted lamps (FB) (generally
  CFL with ballasts and lamp permanently attached).
• FTL is available in different diameters, usually
  designated in USA by a "T" number that defines
  the diameter of the tube in eighths of an inch.
• The older technology is 38mm (T12) newer and
  more efficient are 26mm and T5 (16mm). Most FTL
  in use in India are halo phosphate.
• FTL last about five to ten times longer than
  incandescent and are typically 5 to 9 times more
  efficient.

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TYPICAL LIGHTING EFFICACY
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Summary of Overseas Standards and Other Programs
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MEPS FOR FTL INTERNATIONAL
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INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW - MEPS

• Europe has only star rating plan for all types of
  lamps.
• Australia/ New Zealand do not have much of
  manufacturing base and imports most requirements
  and have adopted the most stringent standards.
• Both USA and Canada have stringent standards for
  both 2 feet and 4 feet FTL.
• Japan has lower standards for residential sector
  and higher standards for commercial sector.
• Korea has a lower standard to begin with based on
  halo-phosphates and they have strict targets
  standards with a view to move to tri-phosphor .
  These target values are used for labelling
  purposes.
• Thailand has endorsement labels and are still
  evolving MEPS which would be based on
  halo-phosphates and white light.
• China Hong Kong have the least efficient
  standards and the same is based on halo -
  phosphates.

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China standards - FTL
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CURRENT IS - STANDARDS

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THAILAND STANDARDS - Fluorescent lamps

• Minimum Energy Performance Standards are being
  considered to
• cover T8 36W (4 foot), 18W (2-foot) fluorescent
  lamps and 32W
• circular lamps.
• The minimum efficiency level has not been
  determined but will
• be based on the following parameters
• Efficacy (Lumens/watt)
• Lamp Life
• Lamp Lumen Depreciation
• Minimum level standards for these parameters will
  be based on a
• good quality thin-tube (T8) halo phosphate (cool
  white) lamp.

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EU star rating plan

• The European star rating is common to all types
  of lamps including incandescent, halogen and
  high intensity discharge lamps. No
  differentiation is seen in the star rating plan
  for FTL.
• The energy efficiency class of a lamp shall be
  determined as follows
• Lamps shall be classified in class A if
• - Fluorescent lamps without integral ballast
• (those requiring a ballast and/or other control
  gear to connect them to the mains)
• W
• where F is the lumen output of the lamp
• where W is the power input into the lamp in watts.

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EU star rating plan

• If a lamp is not classified in class A, a
  reference wattage WR shall be calculated as
  follows
• WR 0.88 square root of F 0.049 F
• when F 34 lumens, where F is the lumen output
  of the lamp.
• An energy efficiency index EI is then set as
  
• EI W/WR
• where W is the power input into the lamp in watts.

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EU star rating plan
Energy efficiency class Energy efficiency index EI
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Applying the above to the current Indian Standard
requirements of lumen efficacy with European star
rating plan reveals that all FTL falls into B
category of label and only 18 36W HL falls into
A category.
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Korea Star rating plan
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Korea Star rating plan
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VISION OF BEE S L PROGRAMME

• Work on BEE S L programme on FTL was initiated
  on 08 September 2002.
• ELCOMA was requested to spearhead the BEE S L
  Programme.
• India also produces high end efficient T-8 ( 36W
  ) T-5 ( 28 watt ) Triband offers lumen efficacy
  of over 85 lumen per watt.
• Lighting industry should strive to improve lumen
  efficacy of over 70 lumens per watt and improve
  the life in about 5 years time.

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Vision of S L Programme ( Continued)
In order to create market pull, the government
could buy only star rated products, i.e. the
highest energy efficiency products.  The
standards should be futuristic since there is
also a time frame required for phasing out old
products and introduction of efficient products.
A time frame of 2-3 years was suggested. Labeling
would be the first activity to be taken up in
these products.
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MEETINGS
  In first meeting of steering committee held
on 27 September 2002, it was decided to form a
Technical Committee having following
compositions Mr. R.Nandakishore convener,
Philips India Limited Mr. R.S.Mandal, Osram India
Private Limited Mr. S.K.Neogi, Phoenix Lamps
India Limited Mr. S.Ramasubramanian, Surya Roshni
Limited Mr. Ramaswamy, Consultant, BEE
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Tasks of Technical Committee

• The task of Technical Committee is to finalise
•  a.      Testing protocol
• Technical parameters along with weightages
  for
• labeling
• c.       Label design
• d.      Test laboratories
• e. Enforcement protocol.

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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations
Looking into regional and other
industrialised countries, it was felt that both
halo tri phosphate based FTL should be
considered for the labelling programme. Korea
programme treated each wattages individually for
the labelling purposes and EU treated all
lighting sources as one category. While
treating all lighting sources in a single
programme would lead to adoption of energy
efficiency, it is not possible to differentiate
between fluorescent lamps. It was decided to
include all fluorescent lamps into one labelling
plan.
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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations
The 3200 lumen output lamps (Triband) was also
included for testing and BIS has agreed to go in
for the standards in the last meeting. For 18W
we have considered 940 lumens in place of 1015
lumens in BIS since this has been agreed in the
last meeting of BIS. Minimum energy performance
standards of China, Hong Kong, voluntary standard
of India and proposed standards of Thailand in
the region with similar economies, which have a
strong halo phosphate market are similar and
hence the values of IS with permissible
tolerances for different wattages were used to
arrive at the boundaries.
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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations

• At the entry level, the tolerances as per IS is
  allowed. However, there would be no positive
  tolerances allowed between star levels.
• For energy labeling 3 parameters should be
  considered which would provide efficacy from
  both efficiency as well as life and provide value
  for money
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• Lumens at 100 hrs. (initial lumens) Lumen/watt
• Lumen depreciation _at_ 2000 hours Lumen/watt
• Lumen depreciation _at_ 3500 hours Lumen/watt.
• Values for the 100 hours efficacy was worked out
  taking into consideration that all Wattages and
  their energy efficacy is reflected the star
  rating plan.

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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations
Efficacy values at 2000 3500 hours have been
arrived at taking into account depreciation
values recommended in the IS. In the Star
rating plan, efforts were made to differentiate
20 W 18 W, 40 W 36 W and halo phosphates
and Tri phosphates lamps. The cut off for
these categories have been fixed in such a way
the categories of lamps operating with good
quality control as well as above the minimum
threshold would fall in the appropriate levels.
Based on the above, the label rating plan was
evolved.
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STAR RATING PLAN
 
 

 


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Energy Label
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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations

• Test Procedure relevant BIS test
  procedures including
• amendments
• Meet all the minimum requirements of BIS to
  qualify for
• labelling
• BIS certification or a quality control
  certification, a
• prequalification for labelling
• Based on the visit of the technical team to the
  four
• Laboratories, the recommendations of the
  technical committee
• is to go for testing at NPL ERDA after
  ascertaining
• proficiency testing in both the
  Laboratories. Accreditation of
• NPL with NABL is under process.

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FTL Technical Committee Recommendations (
Continued)

• 10 lamps were tested at manufacturers
  laboratory as well as ERDA to get comparative
  readings/calibration before full scale testing
  begins (Proficiency Testing).
• There were certain differences in the optical
  measurements in the three laboratories but these
  are with in the z score of proficiency testing.
• Since the measurements are against a
  standard reference lamp, it was felt necessary
  to ensure the quality of reference lamp. BEE to
  take up with NPL

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Status of labelling programme

• The question of reference lamp was taken up with
  Dr. H. C. Khandpal, Head, Optical Radiation
  Standards, NPL on 3rd November 2004. The
  meeting was attended by representatives of
  Philips India, Surya Roshni, Osram and consultant
  BEE.
• Dr. Khandpal explained that reference lamps are
  calibrated at NPL on the lamps supplied by the
  laboratory/ manufacturers.
• There are certain norms for product to qualify
  and if they qualify, then the reference lamps are
  calibrated. Reference lamps are calibrated up to
  now by detected source method.
• He mentioned that with the current method of
  calibration, only short term calibration can be
  certified. He explained that the number of
  burning hours of reference lamps should not be
  more than 25 hours.

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Status of labelling programme ( Continued )

• Industry had raised the problems faced with
  reference lamps. They had mentioned that the
  readings taken with earlier reference lamp
  calibrated by NPL and the reading taken with the
  current one on the same lamp shows difference
  varying from 50 to 150 lumens.
• Dr. Khandpal mentioned that there would be some
  variance but not to a level of 150 lumens and
  also mentioned that this can come to 25 - 30
  lumens with certain improvements. He explained
  phosphate coating could lead to coordinate
  shifting. He explained that uncertainty over
  readings permits certain deviations.

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Status of labelling programme ( Continued )

• He mentioned that while assessing for NABL
  accreditation recently, lot of improvements have
  been suggested to ERDA and ERDA have implemented
  all the recommendations. ERDA have now acquired
  new reference lamp in November from NPL and with
  this ERDA test results would be more accurate.
• At the end of discussions, it was agreed that the
  lamps tested earlier by ERDA would again be
  tested at ERDA. Once the test results are
  analysed and found to be acceptable, the industry
  agreed to align their laboratories with ERDA and
  the testing of lamps could commence.
• The earlier samples tested at ERDA was again
  tested at ERDA on 4th January 2005.

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ERDA TEST RESULTS
As may be seen, there is a variation of 130
lumens between the measurements carried out with
the earlier reference lamp of NPL and the one
procured recently. Although the industry would
align with the current reference lamp, the
concern on reference lamp remains and BEE may
like to take it up with NPL appropriately.
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Thank you!!!