Centennial Commons Dixie State College of Utah

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Centennial CommonsDixie State College of Utah

• The cornerstone for a changing time

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Why Flexible Space?

• Promote multiuse and multipurpose sharing of
  space
• Accommodate technological changes over time
• Facilitate learning spaces for technologically-ena
  bled pedagogy and styles
• Create an environment for right-sizing as a
  sustainable pattern
• Minimize remodeling costs and disruptions

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The Buzz

• Collaborative learning
• Information fluency
• Virtual
• Customization
• Flex-space
• Ubiquitous access
• Student mobility personal learning devices
• Help desks
• Informal learning spaces
• Open Source
• Tagging
• Interaction Age
• Fourth Wave

• Student-centered
• One-stop centers
• Googling
• Text and Instant Messaging
• Short Message Service (SMS)
• Pod casting
• GPS and mapping software
• Aggregate and Synthesize
• Net generation
• Bloggers, DIY (do-it-yourself)

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Centennial CommonsDesign Drivers

• Flexibility
• Fluidity
• Versatility
• Modifiability
• Convertibility
• Scalability
• Right-sizing
• Collaboration
• Interaction

• Forecasting
• Adjacencies
• Sustainability
• Access
• Economizing
• Modeling
• Technology integration

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Flexible Properties of Space

• Research by Torin Monahan PhD, Rensselaer
  Polytechnic Institute

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Flexible Properties of Space

• Fluidity - represents the design of space for
  flows of individuals, sight, sound, and air.
• Versatility - indicates the property of space
  that allows for multiple uses.
• Modifiability - is the spatial property which
  invites active manipulation and appropriation.
• Convertibility - designates the ease of adapting
  educational space for new uses.
• Scalability - describes a property of space for
  expansion or contraction.

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Fluidity

• Open spaces lend themselves to fluidity, yet they
  can hinder fluidity if they seem oppressive in
  their expansiveness.
• In these instances, well-placed screens in
  classrooms, for example, can increase a sense of
  intimacy while triggering curiosity for the space
  that flows around the screen (Caudill 1954 137).
  
• Such a space then becomes more engaging and less
  overwhelming.
• Well-placed windows can also increase a sense of
  flow and connection between spaces.

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Versatility

• Cafeterias, auditoriums, and "multi-purpose
  rooms" signal one mode of versatility, but
  versatile spaces such as these run the risk of
  homogeneity.
• Since all spaces afford certain activities and
  flows, generic spaces without any overt
  indicators for specific use require extra effort,
  pedagogical or otherwise, to achieve the tone or
  rhythm of specific uses.
• Individuals must invest more energy to work
  within these spaces, because the spaces do little
  work on their own. For example, performing a play
  in a generic auditorium requires the investment
  of added decoration and props in addition to
  individual suspension of disbelief in order for
  that production to succeed.

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Modifiability

• Spaces that lend themselves to quick
  reconfiguration are comprised of mobile
  components such as walls, partitions, furniture,
  and equipment.
• Highly modifiable spaces invite imaginative
  experimentation to coordinate space and subject
  matter with the specific learning needs of
  different student populations.
• The design of such spaces requires much
  forethought, because these spaces must take into
  account many structural dependencies such as
  ceiling configuration for lighting and air
  circulation, floor materials for ease of
  partition movement, and so on (Leggett et al.
  1977 104-6).

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Convertibility

• Educators must often convert spaces to
  accommodate for changes in enrollment,
  curriculum, or pedagogy.
• Modern office buildings are commonly proffered as
  models of this type of convertible space, because
  they possess a core with HVAC (heating,
  ventilating, and air-conditioning), electrical,
  and communication systems that is surrounded by a
  shell containing easily re-deployable space for
  varied activity programs (Brubaker 1998 31-33).
• Space designed for convertibility requires an
  imagination for future eventualities it should
  possess a degree of modularity and open-endedness
  at a structural level a design open to
  re-design by others.

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Scalability

• For expansion, schools may require annexes and
  additions to meet the needs of increased
  enrollment or curricular alterations.
• Tightly coupled spaces (rooms, corridors, etc.)
  may utilize space efficiently in the short run
  but present costly obstacles for later growth.
• For contraction, as space needs decrease, schools
  should be able to temporarily convert buildings
  and rooms to other community or business
  purposes.
• For example, surplus school space can be leased
  out from year to year so that when space needs
  rise again, schools can re-convert buildings for
  educational programs (Brubaker 1998 22).

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Interaction Age

• Andrew J. Milne, Ph.D Stanford

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Interaction Age

• Networks Transporting Data vs. Social
  Interaction
• Devices Portable Devices vs Augmented
  Environments
• Interfaces Graphical vs. Tangible
• User Focus Individuals vs Groups

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Technology Waves -Interaction Descriptions

• First wave one device, many users (e.g.,
  mainframe systems)
• Second wave one device, one user (e.g., the
  personal computer)
• Third wave many devices, one user (e.g.,
  combination of smartphone, MP3 player, and
  laptop)
• Fourth wave many devices, many users (e.g.,
  pervasive computing systems with multiple
  interconnected devices embedded in a room and
  available for anyone to use)

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Networks Transporting Data vs. Social
Interaction

• Digital networks have evolved from carrying data
  in a purely transactional sense to facilitating
  social interaction.
• The Internet is increasingly seen as a resource
  for social interaction rather than just
  information transport.
• A trend toward a increase in real-time social
  interaction handled over what have been
  historically been called data networks.

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Devices Portable Devices vs. Augmented
Environments

• Learning environments evolving to embrace both
  portable devices and group gatherings by
  providing systems and interfaces that are
  immediately available to users upon arrival.
• Systems embedded in physical destinations provide
  richer interaction opportunities. Portable
  devices become the personal component of these
  systems.
• Blended facility work stations, laptops, large
  interactive displays.

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Interfaces Graphical vs. Tangible

• PDAs and smartphones have changed the standard
  hardware platform.
• Emerging forms of tangible interfaces such as
  interactive screen technologies provide a greater
  range in designating learning space and workspace
  systems.
• Interfaces may not be directly reliant on a
  separate computer device to function (Logitech
  io2 digital pen)

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User Focus Individuals vs. Groups

• Realignment of tecnologies to the needs of human
  interaction in group settings.
• Fourth wave modeling
• Design technologies to support the needs of a
  group user model of interaction.
• Group-oriented technology systems should be
  designed to support duality usage and exploit the
  productivity opportunities that it can provide.

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Making a Change to Emphasize Interaction

• Shifting Design Requirements
• The Content Creation Process
• Physicality in a Digital World
• Flexible Systems
• Extended Capabilities of Portable Devices

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Implementing the Future Vision

• Embracing New Design Philosophies
• Phasing Out Function-Specific Hardware System
  Components
• Providing Room-Scale Perifperals and Systems
• Ensuring Physical and Technological Flexibility
• Enabling Greater Capabilities with Pervasive
  Computing Infrastructures
• Promoting Community by Leveraging Mobile Devices

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Embracing New Design Philosophies
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Providing Room Scale Peripherals and Systems

• Transforming Video Displays into Interactive Work
  Surfaces
• Providing Transparent Information-Capture Systems
• Creating Spaces with Memory

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Ensuring Physical and Technological Flexibility
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Enabling Greater Capabilities with Pervasive
Computing Infrastructures

• Create adaptable spaces that respond to
  particular user-interaction needs but that do so
  in a way that will allow technology upgrades and
  frequent reconfiguration.
• Sofware middleware as a pervasive computing
  infrastructure throgh which both interaction and
  content are shared among devices over standard
  TCP/IP networks.

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Promoting Community by Leveraging Mobile Devices