Behavioural Dynamics Part C

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Behavioural DynamicsPart C

• Analysis of the Dynamics of Complex (Reasoning)
  Tasks

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Aim

• Analysis of dynamics of human cognitive processes
• (in particular complex reasoning tasks)
• Examples gain insight in
• Diagnostic reasoning (by assumption)
• (Reasoning within Design)
• Gaining experience in analysis
• dynamic properties
• logical relationships
• simulation
• checking

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Perspectives in Literature

• Cognitive Psychology (AI ? Psy)
• Using AI techniques to study Cognitive Processes
• Artificial Intelligence (Psy ? AI)
• Use cognitive processes as inspiration to create
  human artifacts

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Types of Human Cognitive Processes

• High level
• Language processing
• Reasoning
• Planning
• Low level
• Sensory processes
• Motor processes (reflexes)
• Simple learning

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Modelling Cognitive Processes

• Increased interest in dynamics
• Mathematical techniques
• Difference / differential equations
• Temporal aspects on continuous scale
• Symbolic techniques
• Situation calculus, temporal logic,
• Processes with qualitative aspects
• Alternative approaches

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Mathematical Approaches(Dynamic Systems Theory)

• Difference differential equations
• Quantitative approach
• Temporal relationships
• Low level simulation
• Success
• Low level processes
• Some high level proc. (decision making)
• Problem qualitative phenomena

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Symbolic Approaches

• Qualitative aspects
• Temporal relationships
• Simulation at different levels possible
• Useful to model cognitive processes
• with purely qualitative aspects
• Problem quantitative phenomena

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Alternative Hybrid Approaches(e.g. LEADSTO and
TTL)

• Combines numerical symbolic approach
• Qualitative approach, and
• Quantitative aspects can be handled as well
• Temporal relationships
• Simulation at different levels possible
• Useful to model cognitive processes
• High level
• Low level
• Checking

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Example Hybrid Model
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Perspectives in Literature

• Cognitive Psychology (AI ? Psy)
• Using AI techniques to study Cognitive Processes
• Artificial Intelligence (Psy ? AI)
• Use cognitive processes as inspiration to create
  human artifacts

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Perspectives w.r.t. Reasoning

• Cognitive Psychology
• Task analysis (including) protocol analysis
• Artificial Intelligence
• Specific domains (e.g. Medicine, Law, Design)

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Dynamics of complexreasoning tasks

• Local level ? reasoning steps
• Global level ? process as a whole
• Dynamic properties expressing
• temporal relationships

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Approach

• Reasoning process traces
• reasoning states, steps, and traces
• Dynamic properties of traces
• local, intermediate, global level
• Simulation
• using local properties
• Checking milestone global level properties
• against human or simulated traces