Organisation der Energieforschungsfrderung des Bundes

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Digital Heat mapping Technology and advantages
Dr. Heiko Huther
German Heat and Power Association - AGFW
associated to the German Electricity
Association - VDEW Stresemannallee 28 60596
Frankfurt am Main Telefon 49 69
6304-345 Telefax 49 69 6304-391 E-Mail
info_at_agfw.de http//www.agfw.de
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Project participants
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Breakdown
1. Pre-considerations and initial approaches1996
1999
2. Structure of the method and fundamental proof
of the applicability2000 2005
3. Optimisation of the method and integration in
an energy system model/pilot application 2006
2008
4. Application of the methodas of 2009
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1. Pre-considerations and approaches - Results of
a deficit analysis
A map of the spatially/geometrically distributed
heat demand is needed for planning the
infrastructure expansion of the energy supply,
especially the pipeline heat supply, to utilise
high-efficiency energy conversion technologies
and optimise power generation and distribution.
The objective is to build up a database, which
permits one

• to plan the expansion of the pipeline heat supply,

• calculate energy supply variants in a city or
  region model and optimise the energy and heat
  supply as well as

• to develop the basis for complementary political
  policy measures and evaluate them with regard to
  their effectiveness.

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1. Pre-considerations and approaches - Objectives
Plan the expansion of the pipeline heat
supply ? This demands a new set of instruments
which provides the information basis for planning
in a quality at least as reliable as the heat
atlas method, but open for new information
processing technologies, and which at the same
time complies with the sharply cut personnel in
the planning departments of the utility
companies.
Optimise the heat supply ? Using variant
calculations with different supply technologies
for a city or regional model which determines the
best-suited technology. The assumption here is
that an overall optimal heat supply results
from the combination of different technologies in
the application areas best suited for them.
Develop and evaluate the basis for a general
framework ? By overcoming controversial
comparisons of different energy conversion
technologies with geometric reference values such
as CO2 emmisions/km2 residential area, and after
completion of a measure such as the construction
of a cogen plant or the establishment of a
heating network.
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1. Pre-considerations and approaches Time
schedule
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2. Structure of the method Development of the
components
Conversion of the input data
ALK - automatic real-estate map
Laser scanning
ATKIS - official topographical-cartographical
information system
Heat register
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3

Building volume Geometric information
Building volume Geometric information surface
area utilisation
Building volume Geometric information
utilisation environment
2
3
Reconciled building volume
Building volume heat requirement
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4
Building-related heat requirement
Building typology
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5
Residential area volume/ surface area related
heat requirement
Residential area typology
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2. Structure of the method Principle of laser
scanning
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2. Structure of the method Example of laser
scanning data
last pulse
first pulse
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2. Structure of the method Processing laser
scanning data

• Point classification
• Subdivision of the points into ground, building
  and vegetation
• Segmentation of the points
• Merging all points which belong to an object
  (building)
• Region Growing (Delaunay Triangulation)
• Reconstruction of the building
• Roof areas
• Ground plan

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2. Structure of the method Roof areas
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2. Structure of the method - Ground plans
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2. Structure of the method advantages

• Geometrical description of the building
  envelope
• Length
• Width
• Floor area
• Roof areas, roof pitch, direction
• Exterior wall areas, direction

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2. Structure of the method Development of the
components
Conversion of the input data
ALK - automatic real-estate map
Laser scanning
ATKIS - official topographical-cartographical
information system
Heat register
2
3

Building volume Geometric information
Building volume Geometric information surface
area utilisation
Building volume Geometric information
utilisation environment
2
3
Reconciled building volume
Building volume heat requirement
4
4
Building-related heat requirement
Building typology
5
5
Residential area volume/ surface area related
heat requirement
Residential area typology
7
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2. Structure of the method Comparison of
results / Proof of feasibility
Laser scanning ALK building typology
Heat register
Source IKG
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3. Optimisation of the method - Objectives
Simplification of the calculation method and
reduction of the calculation time
? Reduction of the input data exclusive
reliance on geometric information from laser
scanning,
? Improvement of the precision with reduced
input data.
Linking the acquired building data with an energy
system model for planning and optimisation of
supply alternatives on different levels
? Definition of a data interface between the
building data and the heat requirement
calculations
? Supplementing the energy system model with a
further structuring of the heat supply systems,
? Calculating examples.
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3. Optimisation of the method Program structure
Procedure for optimising the method 2006 - 2008
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3. Optimisation of the method Provision of the
building data
Main data source
Classification (subdivision of points into
terrain, vegetation/ trees and building)
Laser scanning
Area restriction
test / replace
Segmentation (summarise points of
individual buildings)
Auxiliary and control data
Plausibility test
ATKIS (digital topographical map)
test / replace
Geometric reconstruction (reconstruction of the
building plan and determination of roof form)
test / replace the building plan
ALK (digital real estate map)
Provision of data (derivation of geometric
attributes from the geometry and output
accor- ding to defined interface)
create address reference
House number coordination
Use in energy system models
Source IKG
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3. Optimisation of the method - Integration and
further calculations
Automated heat requirement of the buildings
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3. Optimisation of the method Projection and
variant comparison
Calculate the heat requirement of area N and its
development
n n1
Are all areas calculated?
Select supply variant / supply variant N
GIS data, consumers, distribution, generation,
existing supply
Determination of the potentials and costs of the
variants
n n1
Are all variants calculated?
Projection of the heat requirement and comparison
of the supply variants
Determination of the best-suited supply technology
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3. Optimisation of the method Expected results
A method which makes it possible to determine the
best respective technology for a supply area of
different sizes.
This permits the proposal of preferential areas
for pipeline heat supply.
The results data from comparing the variants
should be able to be used as planning data for
designing heat supply systems.
The consequences of implementing individual
variants, such as the reduction of emissions, can
be precisely determined.
A direct geometrical relationship is created by
consistent application of the numerical method of
geoinformation science, e.g. CO2-emissions per
surface area unit.
This geometric relationship allows for a direct
allocation of action and consequences. It also
facilitates the customers conceptual
understanding of the possibilities of district
heating.
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3. Optimisation of the method Heat requirement
density
Baden-Württemberg,Germany
Heat requirement density GWh/km2
to 0.5
over 0.5 to 2.0
over 2.0
Heat network feed
Max. capacity
Power feed
Quelle IER
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3. Optimisation of the method Variant
comparison of heat supply
Analysis example Funkerkaserne in Esslingen
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4. Application in practice
The current ongoing work on optimising the method
should be completed by fall 2008.
As of 2009 the method is to be generally applied
in practice for optimising the heat supply.
The partners for the first application in
practice are the Stadtwerke (municipal utilities
company) Esslingen in co-operation with EnBW
Energie Baden-Württemberg.