Diabetes: What You Should Know.

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Diabetes What You Should Know.
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Could You Be At Risk?
Could you have diabetes and not know it? Take the
following test to see if you are at risk for
having diabetes. According to the American
Diabetes Association (ADA), diabetes is more
common in African Americans, Hispanic/Latinos,
American Indians and Pacific Islanders. If you
are a member of one of these ethnic groups, you
need to pay special attention to this test.
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Know Your Score.
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Know Your ScoreScoring

• 10 or more Points
• You are at high risk for having diabetes. Only
  your health care provider can determine if you
  have diabetes. See your provider soon and find
  out for sure.
• 3 9 points
• You are probably at low risk for having diabetes
  now. But dont just forget about it. Keep your
  risk low by losing weight if you are overweight,
  being active most days, and eating low fat meals
  that are high in fruits and vegetables, and whole
  grain foods.

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Get the Facts.

• What is Diabetes?
• According to the American Diabetes Association
  (ADA), diabetes is a disease in which your body
  does not produce or properly use insulin.
  Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert
  sugar, starches and other food into energy needed
  for daily life. The cause of diabetes continues
  to be a mystery, although genetics and
  environmental factors such as obesity and lack of
  exercise appear to play major roles.
• While there is no cure, diabetes is a manageable
  condition. In fact, most people can live as full
  a life as they did before developing diabetes.
• Lets take a look at the four (4) most prevalent
  type of diabetes
• Pre-diabetes
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
• Gestational Diabetes

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Pre-diabetes

• This condition occurs when a persons blood
  glucose levels are higher than normal, but not in
  the diabetic range.
• Losing weight, eating a healthy diet and getting
  adequate exercise can help prevent you from
  developing diabetes.
• There are 5.4 million Americans who have
  pre-diabetes in addition to the 20.8 million with
  diabetes.
• Are you one of the 5.4 million?

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Type 1 Diabetes

• This disorder results from the bodys failure to
  produce enough insulin.
• The pancreas (a gland behind the stomach) makes
  little or no insulin.
• Insulin acts like the key to unlock the cells
  of the body, allowing glucose to enter and fuel
  them.
• Daily insulin shots, along with proper diet and
  exercise is needed to stay healthy.
• What are the warning signs?
• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst, extreme hunger
• Dramatic weight loss
• Irritability, weakness and fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting

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Type 2 Diabetes

• This illness results from insulin resistance (a
  condition in which the body fails to properly use
  insulin) combined with relative insulin
  deficiency.
• The pancreas (a gland behind the stomach) makes
  some insulin, but either it is not enough or the
  cells do not use it properly.
• For some, Type 2 diabetes is controlled with
  proper diet and exercise. While others will need
  insulin and/or diabetes pills, along with proper
  diet and exercise.
• What are the warning signs?
• Any of the Type 1 symptoms
• Recurring or hard to heal skin, gum or bladder
  infections
• Drowsiness
• Blurred Vision
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
• Itching

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Gestational Diabetes

• Gestational diabetes is a temporary form (in most
  cases) of diabetes in which the body does not
  produce adequate amounts of insulin during
  pregnancy. It may also be called glucose
  intolerance or carbohydrate intolerance.
• This condition affects about 4 percent of all
  pregnant women and usually disappears after the
  birth.
• Women with gestational diabetes have a higher
  incidence of developing Type 2 diabetes later in
  life.
• What are the warning signs?
• Glucose in urine
• Unusual thirst
• Frequent urination
• Fatigue
• Blurred Vision
• Nausea
• Frequent infections of bladder, vagina and skin

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Recommended Screenings

• Glycosylated Hemoglobin or Hemoglobin A1c
• Blood test that measures the average blood
  glucose level over the past 2 3 months.
• This test will tell if your diabetes is under
  control.
• Goal is less than 7
• LDL Cholesterol Screening
• Blood test that measures the level of low-density
  lipoprotein (LDL), also known as the bad
  cholesterol in the blood.
• This test helps your doctor to watch your
  cholesterol level, and prescribe medication or
  lifestyle changes.
• Goal is less than 100mg/dl.

Goals and recommendations are based on the 2006
American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of
Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes
Mellitus. If you are not within goal or have
positive test results, please talk to your
primary care physician.
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Recommended Screenings

• Urine Microalbumin
• Screens for tiny amounts of albumin (protein) in
  the urine.
• This test may indicate early signs of kidney
  disease.
• Serum Creatinine
• Blood test that tells how well your kidneys are
  functioning.
• ADA recommends having this test once a year.

Goals and recommendations are based on the 2006
American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of
Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes
Mellitus. If you are not within goal or have
positive test results, please talk to your
primary care physician.
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Recommended Screenings

• Dilated Retinal Exam
• Blindness is a leading cause of diabetes due to
  its effects on the retina (the back portion of
  the eye).
• A dilated eye exam is different than a routine
  eye exam (for glasses).
• Special equipment and medications are used to
  examine the blood vessels in your eyes.
• An annual dilated eye examination promotes early
  detection and treatment.
• Foot Exam
• People with diabetes sometimes experience
  circulatory problems.
• Minor cuts, scrapes or ulcers in the feet can
  develop into major medical problems
• Frequent examinations (self and by your health
  care provider) can help prevent serious problems
  from developing.
• Dental Checkup
• Poor glucose control makes gum problems more
  likely.
• People with diabetes have a much greater risk of
  developing gum disease and losing their teeth.
• A regular dental checkup 2 times a year can help
  avoid serious problems.

Goals and recommendations are based on the 2006
American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of
Medical Care for Patients with Diabetes
Mellitus. If you are not within goal or have
positive test results, please talk to your
primary care physician.
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Know All Your Numbers
Source Joslin Diabetes Center Joslin Clinical
Guideline for Adults with Diabetes. Revised March
2008
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Diabetes Care Checklist
Source Joslin Diabetes Center Joslin Clinical
Guideline for Adults with Diabetes. Revised March
2008
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Diabetes Care Checklist
Source Joslin Diabetes Center Joslin Clinical
Guideline for Adults with Diabetes. Revised March
2008
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Now You Know