German

1
German Nationalism and the creation of
united Germany
2
Napoleon's conquests destroyed the Holy Roman
Empire and unified many German states in the
Confederation of the Rhine.
3
Nationalism united the German states to defeat
the French in 1813-15
4
The Congress of Vienna formed the German
Confederation of 39 states where Austria
dominated.
5
German students increased nationalist spirit in
spite of the attempt to stop it in the Karlsbad
Decrees
6
Unification could come under Austria or Prussia
But which one?
7
The Zollverein1828-1854
182718281834183818421854
The Zollverein was created by Prussia to increase
trade among the German states
8
1848 The Frankfurt Diet failed to form a
constitutional monarchy under Prussian King
Frederick William IV
9
King William I of Prussia (reigned 1861-1888)was
a strong monarch willing to oppose Austria and
unify Germany
10
King William appointed Otto von Bismarck
Chancellor Bismarck led the unification process
11
Bismarcks plan Eliminate Austria and unite
Germany under the Prussian monarchy
How is this for high?
12
Bismarck and Realpolitik

• Laws are like sausages, it is better not to see
  them being made. .
• Never believe anything in politics until it has
  been officially denied.
• People never lie so much as after a hunt, during
  a war or before an election.
• When a man says he approves of something in
  principle, it means he hasn't the slightest
  intention of carrying it out in practice..
• The great questions of the day will not be
  settled by speeches and majority decisions, but
  by blood and iron.
• When you want to fool the world, tell the truth.

13
Bismarck used nationalism to strengthen the
monarchy and weaken his political opposition
14
Bismarck got Britain and Russia to agree to not
interfere in any conflict between Prussia and
Austria
15
Bismarck led Napoleon III to believe that he
could gain territory for France by mediating
between Prussia and Austria
16
In 1864, Prussia and Austria fought Denmark
gaining the states of Schleswig and Holstein
17
Bismarck engineered a conflict between Prussia
and Austria over the governing of Schlwesgig and
Holstein
18
Denmark on the sidelines as Austria and Prussia
prepare to fight, 1866
DENMARK AVENGEDDenmark Fight it out,
Gentlemen! Ive the pleasure to look on!
19
Battle of Sadowa (Königgrätz), 1866
Austria was defeated by Prussia in the Seven
Weeks War, 1866
20
Napoleon III failed to secure anything for France
in the Seven Weeks War
Bismarck Pardon, mon ami, but we really cant
allow you to pick up anything here. Napoleon
III Pray, dont mention it Msier. Its not of
the slightest consequence.
PEACE AND NO PIECES!
21
Setting up Napoleon III and France

• Napoleon III failed to gain anything for France
  after Prussias war with Denmark or the Seven
  Weeks War
• Queen Isabella of Spain abdicated Bismarck
  nominated Prince Leopold von Hohenzollern, cousin
  to William I, to be King of Spain
• France protested Leopold withdrew
• The French ambassador met William I at Bad Ems
  and asked for an apology
• Bismarck edited the report of the conference to
  insult France the Ems Telegram was published on
  Bastille Day, 1870
• War was declared by France on Prussia bringing
  the unification of the remaining German states

22
Bismarck edited the Ems Telegram to insult
France and precipitate war
23
German Army crosses the Loire, 1870
The south German states united with Prussia in
the Franco-Prussian War
24
Napoleon III was defeated and captured at Sedan.
It was the end of the Second Empire.
25
German troops march into Paris in 1870 France
was defeated in 5 months
26
Siegfried (Germany) defeatsJoan of Arc (France)
in the Franco-Prussian War, 1870-71
27
The German Empire was declared in the Palace of
Versailles in January 1871
The Coronation of Kaiser Wilhelm I
28
Consequences of the Franco-Prussian War

• Germany unified under Prussian monarchy as the
  German Empire
• Frances Second Empire was defeated
• France established the Third Republic
• Final unification of Italy was achieved with the
  addition of Rome
• Uprising and defeat of Paris Commune
• Loss of Alsace-Lorraine leaves France bitter and
  wanting revenge
• Balance of power upset Germany dominated Central
  Europe

29
Europe, 1860
AustrianEmpire
30
Europe, 1871
Austro-HungarianEmpire
31
The End