Morphology 302

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Morphology (302)

• Whats a Word

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A Word

• John kicked Tom
• walad, bint, kursi
• A boy picks his friends nose
• That boy picks his friends noses

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Whats a word

• Words
• Written gt spaces
• But .. misleading
• Compounds
• mother-in-law, looking glass
• Simple or complex
• (friend, promised, carefully)
• Spoken

nitakupenda I will you love
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Lexical Categories!

• Noun boy, girl, table
• Verb run, kick, love
• Adverb quickly, amazingly, yesterday
• Adjective fast, big, happy
• Preposition on, under, next
• And so on

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Smaller units

• friend, friends, friends, friendss, friendly,
  friendship, friendlier, befriend
• friend friend-s
• smallest unit with a meaning morpheme
• friends, cats, dogs, dolphins, flowers, cars
• repeat, replay, redo, reopened, received

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Number of units

• unsightly
• of graphemes
• of phonetic segments
• of syllables
• of morphemes

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Internal structure

• Hopelessly
• hopelyless
• lyhopeless
• lesshopely
• hopelyless

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Free vs. Bound

• bookshelf gt book - shelf
• Outbid gt out - bid
• reopened gt re-open-ed
• friend, promise, open, big
• -s, -ed, -ing, -ly, -er, -ish, -ness
• ? Hopelessly
• Less vs. -less

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Criteria for a morpheme

• Meaningful
• darken vs. garden
• Recurrence
• bigger vs. teacher
• Regular interchange
• bigger and biggest