India, Pakistan and the Issue of Jammu and Kashmir

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India, Pakistan and the Issue of Jammu and Kashmir

• Col. Anil A. Athale, Ph.D.
• INPAD

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Dangers of Escalation

• 1947 and 1965 Indo-Pak wars began as indirect
  intervention but ended up as all-out conflicts
• Since 1987 there is internal unrest in parts of
  JK
• The insurgents are supported from across the
  border
• Frequent clashes along the cease fire line
  between regular armies
• 200,000 Hindus have Kashmir and are living in
  refugee camps

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Secularism is Vital for Survival of India

• Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir on the basis of
  its Muslim majority
• The two-nation theory asserts that the Muslims of
  Indian subcontinent are a separate nation
• India does not accept the two-nation
  theory....there are more Muslims in India than in
  Pakistan
• India CANNOT survive without remaining secular.
  Besides Muslims, it also has Christians, Sikhs,
  Buddhists, Jains, Jews, Zorastrians.........

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Suggested Measures

• Both nations accept NO WIN situation
• Accept each has a legitimate case
• Form joint body of legislatures to monitor peace
  and human rights
• People-to-people contact and free trade
• Solve Siachin issue as a first step