Nonexperimental Research

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Nonexperimental Research
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Nonexperimental Research

• Observational
• Eibl-Eibesfeldt (1972)
• Eye-brow study

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Nonexperimental Research

• Ex post facto
• Variables are selected after the fact
• Quasi-Experimental
• IV not directly manipulated
• Ex post facto and Quasi-Experimental Passive
  research
• Correlation designs
• There are no independent variables, only dependent

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Nonequivalent-Groups Design

• Between-subjects design
• Not randomly assigned to condition
• Historical Controls
• Example
• Class A NR T1 Intervention T2
• Class B NR T1 T2

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Nonequivalent-Groups Design

• Wait-list controls
• Example
• Group A T1 TX T2 Nothing T3
• Group B T1 nothing T2 TX T3

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Interrupted Time-Series Design

• Effects of intervention inferred from comparing
  the outcome measures obtained at different time
  intervals before and after intervention
• Involves taking multiple measurements
• Allows one to r/o many threats to internal
  validity

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Single-Case (Subject) Experimental Designs

• Single-case experimental designs
• Small-N experimental Design
• Random assignment procedures are rarely used

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Single-Case Experimental Designs

• A-B design
• Reversal (withdrawal design)
• A-B-A design
• A-B-A-B design
• A-B-A-B-A design
• A-B-BC-B design

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Multiple Baseline Design

• Used when reversal design is not possible
• Involves applying the treatment sequentially
• Across different behaviors
• Across different settings