Trade Logistics for Development: Challenges and Actions

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Trade Logistics for Development Challenges and
Actions
Marc H. Juhel Transport and Logistics Adviser The
World Bank
November 6, 2003
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Global Recovery from the global downturn
Source World Bank data and projections
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And integration with global markets is associated
with faster growth
Average annual per capita growth, 1980-99
Source World Bank, Global Economic Prospects,
2001
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The MDGs Poverty targets
Percent of population living below 1 /day
2000
Millennium Development Goals
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5
Poverty targets to be reached in most regions,
but
Percent of population living below 1 /day
2000
Millennium Development Goals
5
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World trade trends developing countries are
exporting more manufactures
Composition of exports 1981-2001
Low- income countries
Middle- income countries
Manufacturing exports ()
Manufacturing exports ()
Agricultural exports ()
Resources exports ()
Resources exports ()
Agricultural exports ()
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But not all news are good

• Roughly one-third of developing countries have
  not benefited significantly from growth in
  international trade.
• Some countries with solid export growth have not
  translated that into significant poverty
  reduction.
• Developing countries could have done better if
  protection did not discriminate against products
  in which they have comparative advantage.

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Singapore issues (investment and competition
policy, trade facilitation and transparency in
government procurement)

• Recognition of the relevance of these issues for
  promoting growth and increasing competitiveness
  of developing countries.
• Concerns that adding these issues to the agenda
  may crowd-out other themes of greater priority
  for developing countries.
• Alternative tracks commence negotiations vs. to
  focus on further clarification of issues.

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Clearing customs takes longer in developing
countries
Note This is based on a sample of countries in
each area see figure 5.1 in chapter
5. Source International Exhibition Logistics
Associates Available at http//www.icla.org
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Facilitating trade in less efficient countries
would bring significant gains
Source Calculations based on table 4 in Wilson,
Mann, and Otsuki, Trade Facilitation and
Capacity Building Global Perspective, 2003,
mimeo.
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WB Address in Cancun

• we are ramping up to be able to help any
  country that requests financing or policy advice
  for trade logistics.
• Shengman Zhang
• WB Managing Director for Operations

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The Trade Logistics Agenda

• Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness
• Transit Logistics and Ports
• Border Crossing and Clearance Management
• Customs Reform
• Multimodal Transport
• Transport Security

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Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness

• Economic Benefits of Trade Facilitation
• Logistics Costs and Export Earnings Geography,
  Competitiveness and Poverty
• Facilitation Performance and Competitiveness
  Index

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Transit Logistics

• Port Efficiency
• Bilateral and Regional Transit Agreements
• Landlocked Developing Countries Access Corridor
  Agreements
• Transit Guarantee Systems  Customs/Insurance/Oper
  ators (TIR, TIF and similar)
• Cost/Benefits of Transit Trade for Transit
  Countries

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Border Crossing Management

• Single Window Environment
• Adjacent Border Posts
• Border Monitoring Systems
• Inland Clearance Facilities

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Customs Reform

• Streamlining and Harmonization of Procedures
• Information Technology and Electronic Processing
• Risk Assessment Methods Security with
  Facilitation
• Integrity Programs
• Training/Capacity Building  Customs
  Officials/Private Operators

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Multimodal Transport

• Legal Aspects
• Regulatory Framework
• Liability Regime of MTO
• Implementation/Amendments of/to MTO Regimes

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Transport Security

• US Regulations CSI, 24 hour-Rule
• IMO Revised Standards ISPS Code
• New EU Guidelines
• Supply Chain Security Concept

Security with Facilitation
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FY04 Work Program

• Trade Logistics Indicators
• Country Level
• Project Level
• Customs Modernization Handbook
• WCO Time Release Software
• Menu-Based Project Guidelines
• Customs
• Transit and Multimodal Transport
• Port Logistics
• Transport Security

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FY04 Work Program (2)

• LLDCs the Almaty Programme of Actions
• Regional Operations
• Africa Corridor Observatories (UEMOA, ECOWAS,
  NCTTCA, SADC), Investment Projects (Kenya,
  Madagascar), TTFAs in IF Diagnostics
• Middle-East North Africa Logistics Survey
  (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan)
• Europe Central Asia CAR Logistics Survey (CIS
  7), Investment Projects (Russia, Kazakhstan)
• South Asia Afghanistan TTF and Customs Project
• East Asia and Pacific Indochina Logistics
  (Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam)
• Latin America and Caribbean CA Logistics Survey