Effect of Digitized Note Rearrangement on Remembrance

1
Effect of Digitized Note Rearrangement on
Remembrance

• Yoshitugu Inoue Motoki Miura
• Susumu Kunifuji
• JAIST, Japan
• (Justsystems Corp.)

2
Our interests and Motivation

• Our project e-learning with digital pen
• Merit of digital pen is helpful to promote
• We studied the effect of digitized notes in
  reviewing process

3
Outline

• Introduction
• Design of Experiment
• Result
• Conclusion

4
Learning and Note Taking

• Note taking
• Common way to record lecture contents
• helps leaners to review the lecture
• What is Good notes ?
• gt Contents are Well-organized
• Easy to review and remember
• Difficult to taking good notes
• Unfamiliarity with the subject
• Tends to be absorbed in understanding
• Tends to lose points
• gtgt Reviewing process is necessary

5
Reviewing

• Improve organization of note content
• Revise notes for future reference
• The act of note rearranging itself may reinforce
  remembrance
• Trouble for Note Rearrangement
• Adding text and annotating OK
• Moving and replacing
• Paper pen may obstruct these tasks
• gtgt We can utilize Digitized Note

6
Merit of Digitized Note in Review

• Feel free to modify/replace notes
• Suitable for radical rearrangement
• Less trouble for reorganizing
• Research Question
• Does rearrangement task on digitized note still
  improve remembrance?
• gtgt We investigate effect of note rearrangement on
  acquisition of knowledge from lecture

7
Design of Experiment (1/2)

• Criterion
• ISO9241-11 Ergonomic requirements for office
  work with visual display terminals
• Effectiveness remembrance test score
• Efficiency time spent on note arranging
• Satisfaction questionnaire survey
• Methods
• Pen only while lecture
• Pen plus KBD for rearrangement in reviewing
• Mainly Focus on rearrangement, not digitizing

8
Design of Experiment (2/2)

• Procedures
• (1) Lecture with taking note
• We chose lecture video (DVD) instead of real
  lecture
• Introductory Video of Research Institute NTT CSL
• About technologies for implementing human
  activities
• 2 set of videos, 10min each
• We used Tablet-PC-based Application PenMemo
• (2) Review (with or without arrangement)
• (3) Remembrance Test
• 10 questions, answer by description, each
  question expects 2 points to be described.
  Perfect score is 20.
• (4) Questionnaire
• About participants and PenMemo

9
PenMemo Application
10
Lab Setting
PenMemo Tablet PC
PC for Test
Lecture Video
11
Procedure Detail

• Day 1 With Arrangement
• Watch Video Take Notes
• Review with Arrangement (up to 10min)
• (Calculation to reset short-term memory)
• Test
• Questionnaire

• Day 1 Without Arrangement
• Watch Video Take Notes
• Review without Arrangement (up to 10min)
• (Calculation to reset short-term memory)
• Test
• Questionnaire

• Day 2 With Arrangement
• Open Notes
• Review with Arrangement (up to 5min)
• (Calculation to reset short-term memory)
• Test
• Questionnaire

• Day 2 Without Arrangement
• Open Notes
• Review without Arrangement (up to 5min)
• (Calculation to reset short-term memory)
• Test
• Questionnaire

12
8 Participants and 4 Groups (Video
1WatchingHearing, 2TalkingThinking)
13
Result From Observation

• The characteristics of digitized note compared to
  paper
• Similarity in layout by chronological order
• Difference in size of handwritten character
• Due to the thicker line representation and device
• Characteristics of arrangement
• Added extra drawings
• Added typed text to improve legibility of notes

14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
Result Test Scores
17
D (Improvement of Score with Arr)
(Improvement of Score without Arr)
18
Result of paired sample t-test

• Means of score improvement with Arr and without
  Arr are significantly differed
• t(7) 3.1, p 0.017 lt 0.05
• gtgt The note arrangement task significantly
  enhanced remembrance.

19
Reviewing Time (Efficiency)
The first review with arrangement surely took
longer time t(7)6.168, plt0.01 However, no
significance in the second review
time t(7)0.468, p0.65
gtgt Additional text enhance rough writing at
lecture, and accelerate recognition speed.
20
Questionnaire (Satisfaction)
Participants were satisfied with their note when
arrangement was permitted t(7) 2.58, plt.05
21
Conclusion

• Investigated effect of note rearrangement on
  remembrance in digitized note
• gtgt The note arrangement task significantly
  enhanced remembrance.
• gtgt Even initial rearrangement takes a
  considerable time, no significant difference in
  the second review
• Future work
• Apply to the non-organized situations (such as
  discussions) which require drastically rearrange