Nepal in Transition and Transformation

1
Nepal in Transition and Transformation

• United but Victory of Elitist, Autocratic and
  Samantabadi (oligarchy) Forces in 1768
• Consolidation by the Same Kind of Forces (Rana
  Take Over in 1846)
• Looting of Resources and Enhancing Power of Own
  Family Members and Cronies
• A System of Chakari, Chukli, Chaplusi and Jaal,
  Jhel, Kapat Developed and Promoted

2
Democratic Innovation

• Overthrown of the Ranas in 1951
• Political Intrigues Initiated Instead of Power or
  Sovereignty to People
• Development of Constitution in 1959 with Giving
  Supreme Power to the King
• King Used all Political Leaders as Pawns to
  Discredit Them

3

• The First Elected Government was Thrown Own and
  Political Parties Banned in 1960
• Partyless Panchayat Polity Introduced in 1962
• The Same Undemocratic Forces Ruled Nepal Until
  1990
• Peoples Movement Threw Out Undemocratic Forces
  and Established Multi-Party Democratic System

4

• Political Parties Started Games for Themselves
  Not for People
• Government were Changed Very Often
• The Maoists Went Underground after Their 34
  Demands were not Considered in 1996
• Royal Massacre in 2001and Emergence of 1951-60
  Situation
• Take Over by the King in 2005 and Proclamation of
  Emergency

5

• Farce Municipal Elections in 2006
• Undeclared Civil War
• Political Parties totally Demoralized No
  Interest and Participation of People in Their
  Protest Rallies
• Strikes, Fighting, Blockades a day-to-day
  phenomena
• Urban Areas under Control of Military and Rural
  Areas with Maoists.
• Maoists Have Their Own Peoples Government

6

• Buying out Politicians and Influential People
• Squandering Money, Loot and Embezzlement
  Everywhere
• Unnecessary Show of Forces and Support
• People Lost Faith

7
New Initiatives

• 12 Point Accord Between the Maoists and the Seven
  Party Alliance in March
• Maoists Increase Attacks in Army Camps and
  Government Installations
• Substantial Number of People Taking Part in
  Sporadic Strikes and Protest Rallies
• Government Putting People in Custodies

8

• Proclamation of General Strike by Alliance from
  April 6th.
• Millions Show Up All Over Nepal in Spite Of
  Emergencies
• The Main Slogan was Gyane Chor Desh ChhoD
• Royal Proclamation On April 21st After Meeting
  with the Indian Special Envoy
• Not Accepted by Alliance

9

• 10 Million People Ready to Move to Royal Palace
  on April 24th Mid-Night
• Royal Proclamation at 11.30PM Reinstating
  Parliament and Giving Sovereign Power to People
• Royalty and Undemocratic Forces Defeated by the
  Peoples Power.

10
A New Beginning

• House Restored on April 25th
• Koirala Appointed as PM on April 27th
• House Endorses the Election for the Constituent
  Assembly and Curtail of Power of the King on
  April 30th.
• Negotiation Teams Formed Both by the Government
  and Maoists
• 25 Point Code of Conduct and Eight Point
  Negotiation Signed

11
Confusion

• Parties in Government Want to Stay on
• Maoists Are in a Hurry to Join an Interim
  Government
• An Interim Constitution is Being Drafted but
  Delayed
• Problem in Arms and Army Management
• Moriartys Threats Did not Help but Created
  Confusion

12
What Next?

• If Present Situation Remains, the Maoists Plan to
  Go Back to Jungle
• The Alliance is Under Pressure from Outside
  Forces to Keep Maoists Out of Government
• Maoists have Shown Mature Politics and Won Over
  Peoples Mind
• Political Parties Have No Confidence for Winning
  Elections

13

• Outside Forces Joining Hands with Status Quo to
  Keep Royalty in Nepal
• 70 Population Against Kingship
• How to Face the Constituent Assembly???