Characteristics of Weekend Travel

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Characteristics of Weekend Travel in the City of
Calgary Towards a Model of Weekend Travel Demand
JD Hunt, University of Calgary DM Atkins, City of
Calgary 17th Annual EMME/2 User
Conference Calgary AB, Canada October 2003
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OutlineProvide an Overview

• Introduction
• Motivations
• Background
• Weekend Travel Characteristics
• Times
• Generation, Modes
• Purposes
• Model Form
• Conclusions

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IntroductionMotivations

• Need weekend coverage for complete coverage
• total benefits
• total emissions
• Acknowledge travel patterns different from
  weekdays
• Identify present and future conditions for
  weekend
• some congestion on Saturdays in particular
• Develop transport policy for weekend
• infrastructure development
• transit service design

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Weekday
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Saturday
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Sunday
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IntroductionBackground

• Have weekday travel model
• aggregate, equilibrium approach
• 25 segments
• nested logit choice structure
• EMME/2-based
• consumer benefits for travellers

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IntroductionBackground

• Have observations of travel behaviour on
  weekends
• part of Household Activity Survey (HAS)
• 8,400 households in total
• 2,200 households concerning weekend travel
• all trips over 100m
• Developing weekday commercial movements model
• Seeking to be consistent in treatment of
  weekends
• develop spec for weekend model

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsWeekday vs
Saturday vs Sunday

• Excluding holiday periods
• At 13 permanent count stations combined
• Saturday traffic volume 78 of AAWT
• Sunday traffic volume 64 of AAWT
• Saturday and Sunday patterns over day very
  similar
• Consider a single typical weekend day in model?

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsHome to Work
Purposes

• Generation much lower on weekends
• Mode split on weekends
• less transit and PR
• more auto passenger and walk

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsHome to School
Purposes

• Generation much lower on weekends
• Mode split on weekends
• Saturday and Sunday different
• Saturday
• less transit, school bus, PR and auto passenger
• more auto driver, walk and cycle
• Sunday
• less auto passenger and walk
• no cycle, PR and school bus
• more auto driver and transit

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsHome to Shopping
Purposes

• Generation much greater on weekends
• Mode split on weekends
• less auto driver and transit
• more auto passenger

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsHome to Other
Purposes

• Other excludes work, school and shopping
• Generation somewhat greater on weekends
• Mode split on weekends
• less auto driver and transit
• more auto passenger

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsHome to Other
Purposes

• 2 basic kinds of Other
• Other-1 attracted to retail employment
• Other-2 attracted to population
• Other-1 includes
• shopping
• eating out
• entertainment / leisure
• medical / financial
• Other-2 includes
• school
• religious / civic
• exercise
• social

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Shopping Activity Locations
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Social Activity Locations
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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsNon-Home-Based
Trips

• Generation on weekends
• bit more on Saturdays
• bit less on Sundays
• Mode split on weekends
• highly dominated by auto throughout
• less walking (fewer weekday work lunch-time
  trips)

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Weekend Travel CharacteristicsActivities

• Shift on weekends
• away from work and school
• to leisure, shopping and other activities
• Less regular on weekends less transit
• More family groups on weekends more auto
  passenger
• About as much time spent travelling on Saturday
  as
• a weekday, bit less on Sunday

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Model FormConsistency with Weekday Model

• Aggregate, equilibrium approach
• Range of segments about 25 or so
• Nested logit choice structure for each segment
• EMME/2-based

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Model FormSegments

• Separate person types based on
• transit fares
• driving opportunities
• equity considerations
• Separate purposes based on
• regularity
• compulsory / discretionary
• behaviour
• Combine Adult Worker, Adult Worker need car
  at work,
• and Adult Other categories used in weekday
  model
• work distinction less important as work less
  prevalent
• mode choice dominated by auto

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Model FormTimes of Day

• Represent peak and off-peak conditions
• Several options
• one peak 1200-1600
• peak spreading 2 shoulders either side
• along with peak
• Expect greater elasticity in time of day choice
• less compulsory in time
• Still undecided, need to trade-off between
• representation of conditions near large retail
  areas
• number of time periods

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Conclusions

• Travel behaviour different on weekends
• appropriate to have different model
• One day for Saturday and Sunday combined
• not as accurate
• not more complex than weekday model
• Segmentation
• 2 Categories of Other Purposes
• based on attractors at destination end
• 1 Category of Adult Person Type
• reduced role of work and need car at work

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Conclusions

• Exciting times
• unknown territory, still lots of questions
• a way ahead
• much more comprehensive modelling provided
• Look forward to reporting in future