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THE BOOKS OF MACCABEES

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Title: THE BOOKS OF MACCABEES


1
THE BOOKS OF MACCABEES
2
DEUTEROCANONICAL BOOKS
  • Tobias
  • Judith
  • Sequel of Esther
  • The wisdom (Wisdom of Solomon)
  • Wisdom of Joshua son of Sirach
  • Baroukh
  • Sequel of the Book of Daniel
  • Maccabees first and second
  • Psalm 151,

3
The Books of Maccabees
  • The Books of Maccabees, though regarded by Jews
    and Protestants as apocryphal, i.e., not inspired
    Scripture, because not contained in the
    Palestinian Canon or in list of books drawn up at
    the end of the first century A.D., have
    nevertheless always been accepted by the Orthodox
    and Catholic Churches as inspired, on the basis
    of apostolic tradition.

4
Daniels Vision
  • Predicted by the prophet Daniel 232-33
  • This images head was of fine gold, its chest and
    arms of silver, its belly and thighs of bronze,
    its legs of iron, its feet partly of iron and
    partly of clay.
  • Babylonian rule
  • Persian rule
  • Greek rule
  • Roman rule(Christ is born)

5
Perisa/Greece
  • 1st Verse
  • Now it came to pass, after that Alexander the son
    of Philip the Macedonian, who first reigned in
    Greece, coming out of the land of Cethim, had
    overthrown Darius king of the Persians and Medes

6
Maccabees I and II
  • 1 and 2 Maccabees are historical narratives and
    tell the inspiring story of the Jewish people
    fighting for the right to worship God.

7
1 Maccabees
  • First Maccabees was originally written in Hebrew
    about 100 B.C.
  •     It begins with the the reign of Antiochus IV
    in 175 B.C, the rebellion of Mattathias in 167
    B.C. and ends with the murder of Simon in 135
    B.C. and the reign of his son, John Hyrcanus I in
    134 B.C..

8
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
  • Syrian king, Antiochus IV Epiphanes, decided to
    force the Jews to give up their religion and
    start worshipping Greek gods.

9
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
  • He killed 40,000 Jews, enslaved 40,000 others
  • He desecrates the Temple by setting up an
    "abomination of desolation" (an idol).
  • Antiochus forbids both circumcision and
    possession of Jewish scripture.
  • Turned the Jerusalem Temple into a temple for the
    Greek god Zeus, and ordered Jews to offer
    sacrifices to the Greek deities. 
  • He also forbids observance of the sabbath and the
    offering of sacrifices at the Temple.

10
Antichrist
  • Antiochus IV Epiphanes is a central figure in the
    Book of Daniel as the type of the Antichrist
  • Antiochus died in 163 B.C., so his ruling over
    Israel lasted 3.5 years, the same period of time
    the Antichrist will reign
  • Before the Maccabees the resistance to the
    Antichrist was passive, with prayers and patience
  • afterwards it was active, with prayers and
    fighting... always with the trust in the Lord.

11
Maccabee
  • One Jewish man, Mattathias, his five sons, mainly
    (Judah, Jonothan, Simon) and grandchildren, who
    were nicknamed the Maccabee (meaning "the
    hammerers"), overthrew the Syrians
  • Mattathias calls forth the people to holy war
    against the invaders. and his three sons begin a
    military campaign against them.
  • There is one complete loss of a thousand Jews
    (men, women and children) to Antiochus when the
    Jewish defenders refuse to fight on the Sabbath.

12
1 Maccabee
  • In 165 B.C. the Temple is freed and
    reconsecrated, so that ritual sacrifices may
    begin again.
  • The festival of Hanukkah ,the Feast of Lights in
    December, is instituted by Judas Maccabeus and
    his brothers to celebrate this event. It is only
    described in the Bible in the Books of Maccabees.
  • Overthrew the Syrians, restored the Temple, and
    ruled Israel themselves until the Romans and
    Herod took over in 37 B.C

13
2 Maccabees
  • 2 Maccabees is a theological jewel    - The
    teachings on the resurrection of the just on the
    last day (2Mac.79,11,14,23 1446).    - The
    intercession of the saints in heaven for people
    living on earth (1511-16).    - The power of
    the living to offer prayers and sacrifices for
    the dead (1239-46).    - Faith in God (6,
    7).    - Judgment of God, rewards and punishment
    (7)     - God made all things "from nothing"
    (728).

14
2 Maccabees
  • It gives also important information on the Ark
    of the Covenant Where it is now, hidden by
    prophet Jeremiah, and his impressive specific
    prophesy about the end of times, of the Great
    Miracle to come! (chapter 2).

15
2 Maccabees
  • Martyrdom of Eleazar (2Mac.6)... Martyrdom of
    Christians 2Mac.Part 1        Martyrdom of the
    Mother and her 7 Children (2Mac.7)...  Martyrdom
    of Christians 2Mac.Part 1
  • The suffering by Jewish martyrs helps the Jewish
    cause and helps humanity in general (2Mac.6-7).
    2Mac.Part 1
  • Resurrection of the just on the last day    -
    the King of the universe will raise us up to an
    everlasting renewal of life (2Mac.79...711,14,23
    , 1243, 1446).

16
2 Maccabees
  • Punishment of God    - looked at the king, and
    said, "Because you have authority among men,
    mortal though you are, you do what you please.
    But do not think that God has forsaken our
    people. Keep on, and see how his mighty power
    will torture you and your descendants!"
    (2Mac.716-17)... But for you there will be no
    resurrection to life!" (714).
  • The intercession of the saints in heaven for
    people living on earth (1511-16).     - What he
    saw was this Onias...  was praying with
    outstretched hands for the whole body of the
    Jews. (2Mac.1512).       - "This is a man who
    loves the brethren and prays much for the people
    and the holy city, Jeremiah, the prophet of God."
    Jeremiah stretched out his right hand and gave to
    Judas a golden sword, and as he gave it he
    addressed him thus "Take this holy sword, a gift
    from God, with which you will strike down your
    adversaries."  (2Mac.1514-16).

17
Martyrs
  • To came to pass also, that seven brethren,
    together with their mother, were apprehended, and
    compelled by the king to eat swine's flesh
    against the law, for which end they were
    tormented with whips and scourges.
  • But one of them, who was the eldest, said thus
    What wouldst thou ask, or learn of us? we are
    ready to die rather than to transgress the laws
    of God, received from our fathers.
  • He commanded to cut out the tongue of him that
    had spoken first and the skin of his head being
    drawn off, to chop off also the extremities of
    his hands and feet, the rest of his brethren, and
    his mother, looking on.
  • And when he was now maimed in all parts, he
    commanded him, being yet alive, to be brought to
    the Are, and to be fried in the frying pan and
    while he was suffering therein long torments, the
    rest, together with the mother.

18
Martyrs
  • So when the first was dead after this manner,
    they brought the next to make him a, mocking
    stock and when they had pulled off the skin of
    his head with the hair, they asked him if he
    would eat, before he were punished throughout the
    whole body in every limb.
  • Now the mother was to be ad above measure, and
    worthy to be remembered by good men, who beheld
    seven sons slain in the space of one day, and
    bore it with a good courage, for the hope that
    she had in God
  • And she bravely exhorted every o of them in her
    own language, being filled with wisdom and
    joining a man's heart to a woman's thought,
  • She said to them I know not how you were formed
    in my womb for I neither gave you breath, nor
    soul, nor life, neither did I frame the limbs of
    every one of you.
  • But the Creator of the world, that formed the
    nativity of man, and that found out the origin of
    all, he will re- store to you again in his mercy,
    both breath and life, as now you despise your-
    selves for the sake of his laws

19
Conclusion
  • 1 Maccabees is a historical Jewel.
  • 2 Maccabees is a theological Jewel.
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