Biology 1112

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Biology 1112

• Mr. Chris Kodani
• Office Arts Sciences G-210-E
• Phone [phone]
• Email ChristopherKodani_at_mail.clayton.edu

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Question

• Answer on half sheet of paper
• No names!
• Vertical line down middle
• Left side List characteristics of a poor
  instructor
• Right side List characteristics of a good
  instructor

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Read Class Answers
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Poor Instructors

• Are disorganized
• Just lecture, lecture, lecture
• Dont bother with feedback dont care
• Teach ONLY in the style thats best for them
• Dont want to know your name
• Try to trick you on tests

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Good instructors

• Are organized
• Encourage active learning
• Perform assessment give feedback
• Recognize several learning styles
• Try to create a learning community in classroom
• Create clear learning objectives

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Good Instructor Misconceptions

• Misconception 1 If I get an A, thats a good
  instructor
• Correction I will do what I can to help you
  learn, but your grade is YOUR responsibility
• Misconception 2 A good instructor has the
  answer to every question
• Correction Any instructor who can answer every
  question, probably isnt getting enough of them.
• A good instructor encourages LOTS of questions.

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My Teaching Philosophy

• Based on what I feel a good instructor does
• 3 Basic Parts
• Active learning
• Assessment
• Rapport
• Teaching style is like a shoefind the instructor
  that fits

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3 x 5 Baseball Cards

• Leave a space in upper right corner
• Name
• Biol 1112(MW)
• Favorite foods
• Hobbies

Space
Name Biol 1111 (MWF) Favorite Foods Hobbies
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A Little About Me

• Chris Kodani
• Favorite foods Do I have to pick?
• Anything bad for me!
• Mexican, Chinese
• Hobbies
• Fly fishing
• Model building
• I have a cat
• Hiking Camping

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Todays Learning Objectives

• From Chapter 9
• Be able to
• Define genetics
• Perform Punnett Square problems
• Identify discuss dominant/recessive

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Genetics

• Literally, the study of heredity
• Studies how biological information is passed from
  parents to offspring
• Studies how this information is used by organisms

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Gregor Mendel

• A monk in Austria
• Worked with pea plants
• Have easily studied characters flower color,
  flower position, seed color, seed shape, pod
  shape, pod color, stem length
• 1866 published landmark paper on genetics

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Before Mendel

• Before Mendel, many scientists believed offspring
  were a blend of parents characteristics
• Sort of like paint red blue purple
• If this were true, wed all be average
• This averaging concept cannot account for white
  pea flowers.

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After Mendel

• Developed concepts that could explain many
  traits, including white flowers

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Mendels 4 Contributions (Contd)

• 1 Identified alleles (alternate forms of a gene)
• Peas flowers white vs. purple alleles
• Pea color white vs. yellow peas
• Pea pod shape inflated vs. constricted
• Pod color green vs. yellow
• Stem tall vs. dwarf

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Mendels 4Contributions (Contd)

• 2 Alleles come from parents
• There are two alleles one from each parent
• Real life example
• Youve got half your alleles from dad, half from
  mom
• Dont say, Ive got bad genes. More properly,
  you have bad alleles.

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Mendels Contributions (Contd)

• 3 Sperms and eggs each carry only 1 allele
• Corollary to this you can give your offspring
  only 1, not both.
• Which one? Its random for each offspring.

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Mendels Contributions (Contd)

• 4 Dominance/Recessiveness
• Some genes are hidden or masked by others
• Pea plant with both white purple alleles
  appears as a purple

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On a Half-Sheet of Paper

• A question VERY similar to this will be on the
  test
• Q Show the complete set of Punnett Squares for
  this cross in pea plants
• White flowers X Homozygous Purple Flowers
• Be sure to include P1, F1, F2 generations

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Hand in Sheets
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Go Over Class Answers

• This is an ASSESSMENT
• If you did well, then you can go nowIll see you
  on Wednesday!
• If you didnt do well
• You know what to study
• You know one kind of question Ill ask on the
  test
• Pay attention, because Ill get you to where you
  need to be to do well

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Mistakes People Make

• Dont know symbols for alleles
• Dont know the nature of the genes
• Cant construct a Punnett Square
• P1, F1, F2 generations?

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Back to Fundamentals

• There is a strategy for this kind of problem
• Step 1 Consider the genes
• Step 2 Show the cross
• Step 3 Label your gametes (eggs sperms)
• Step 4 Set up your Punnett Square

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Step 1 Consider the Genes

• We know that weve got purple and white flowers
• The symbols are
• Purple P
• Purple is capital P, because its dominant
• White p
• White is lower case p, because its recessive

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Step 1 (Contd)

• Why is dominant/recessive important?
• PP purple flower (easy, homozygous)
• pp white flower (easy, homozygous)
• Pp purple flower (hmmheterozygous)
• NOT light purple, because P is dominant

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Step 1 (Contd)

• So far
• One gene, for flower color
• Two alleles, P and p
• Is everyone with me so far?

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Step 1 (Cond)

• Q Show the complete set of Punnett Squares for
  this cross in pea plants
• White flowers X Homozygous Purple Flowers
• We must have pp X PP. Why?
• Homozygous both alleles same (PP)
• Heterozygous alleles are different (would be Pp)

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Step 2 Show the Cross

• White flowers X Homozygous Purple Flowers
• pp X PP

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Step 3 Gametes

• White can produce either p or p
• Purple can produce either P or P

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Step 4 Set up Punnett Squares

• Usually
• Male gametes across top
• Female gametes down left side