AP US History

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AP US History

• Chapter One
• New World Beginnings

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Homework
Define the following terms in your notes Marco
Polo Francisco Pizarro Juan Ponce de Leon
Hernando de Soto Montezuma Christopher Columbus
Hernan Cortes Francico Coronado Renaissance
mestizos Treaty of Tordesillas 3 sister
farming Great Ice Age Canadian Shield Mound
Builders Spanish Armada Black legend
conquistadores Aztecs Popes Rebellion
Pueblo Indians
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• ? 350 million years ago Appalachian Mountains
  formed
• 225 millions years ago a single continent formed
  here
• 135 to 25 million yrs ago western mountain
  ranges form (Rockies, Sierra Nevada Cascades)
• 10 million yrs. ago nature had completed the
  basic shape of North America
• 2 million years ago Great Ice Age saw a sheet of
  ice 2 miles thick covered much of Europe, Asia
  and the Americas
• 35,000 yrs ago glaciers soaked up so much ocean
  water that a land bridge was exposed connecting
  Eurasia North America
• Herds of various animals and scores of human
  hunters came across the land bridge for 250
  generations (25,000 years)
• 10,000 yrs ago glaciers melted and sea levels
  rose (Great Lakes formed Great Salt Lake formed
  from what was Lake Bonneville (massive inland sea
  covering UT-NV-ID)
• By 1492, as many as 54 million people roamed
  North America

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Native Civilizations

• When hunting became difficult, native cultures
  turned to agriculture (key to settling down and
  staying in one place)
• Three Sister farming brilliant use of 3 crops
  (growing simultaneously) that flourished in this
  part of the world
• Beans grew on Cornstalks while Squash covered the
  ground
• Key problems for native cultures no one place
  of dense population many languages cultures ?
  no unifying characteristics

European Explorers
Explorers arriving in late 1400s did NOT seek to
form a new nation Later colonists viewed
themselves as Europeans living abroad European
colonists 1) spoke English 2) brought customs
here 3) shared misery 4) low interference from
home 5) shared a willingness to
subjugate/enslave people to help them survive
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What brought Europeans here?

• The Crusades exposed Europeans to exotic things
  (spices fabrics)
• Exotic items were expensive Europeans wanted to
  get things from less expensive routes to Asia
• Tales of Marco Polo energized the spirit of
  exploration
• Portuguese technology (the Caravel) Spanish
  political unity made it happen
• European markets were fed by materials from the
  New World African labor
• NOTES? Columbian Exchange, encomienda, mestizo,
  black legend

Novus Orbis
New World Spain Portugal were competitive
1494 Treaty of Tordesillas split the New World
Spain got the largest part, but Portugal got a
chunk of Africa, Asia and South America
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Explorers
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Explorers, pt. 2