Prevention of Illicit Discharge Within Manhattan, Kansas

1
Prevention of Illicit Discharge Within Manhattan,
Kansas

• Ellen Calhoun, Ryan Flickner,
• A. Meredith Smythe, Kelsi Steele

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Outline

• Project Overview
• Project Objectives
• National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
• Illicit Discharge
• Common Illicit Discharges
• Clean-Up Procedure
• Environmental Impact
• Employee Training
• Emergency Procedure
• Haz-Mat
• Conclusions and Recommendations

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Project Overview

• Our Service Learning project was to assist the
  City of Manhattan in establishing an illicit
  discharge prevention plan that fulfills a minimum
  control measure established through NPDES.

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Project Objectives

• Define regulations presented in NPDES
• Develop a plan for the prevention of illicit
  discharges into the stormwater sewer
• Formulate a list of potential contaminants, the
  actions required, and the environmental impact of
  the contaminants.
• Formulate a spill prevention and spill clean-up
  procedures.

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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Established by Federal Water Pollution Control
  Act (FWPCA) Amendments of 1972
• Requires that facilities that release pollutants
  into waters of the US to obtain a permit
• Has 4 goals

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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Goal 1
• Eliminate the discharge of pollutants into
  navigable waters of the United States

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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Goal 2
• Protect fish, shellfish and wildlife

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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Goal 3
• Provide safe water for recreational purposes

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National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Goal 4
• Prohibit the release of toxic discharges

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National Discharge Pollutant Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Permit (EPA definition)
• a license for a facility to discharge a
  specified amount of a pollutant into a Office of
  Wastewater Management - Water Permitting
  receiving water under certain conditions
  however, permits may also authorize facilities to
  process, incinerate, landfill, or beneficially
  use sewage sludge.

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National Discharge Pollutant Elimination System
(NPDES)

• Types of Permits
• Individual
• Customized to the specific facility
• General
• Envelop multiple facilities within a specific
  category
• Currently Manhattan, Kansas has neither type of
  permit on record with the EPA website

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Illicit Discharge

• Any discharge into a storm water drain or
  treatment plant that is not composed entirely of
  storm water
• Exempt items wetlands, diverted stream flows,
  springs
• Exempt under certain conditions foundation
  drains, landscape irrigation, individual
  residential care washing, sidewalk washing, as
  well as flows from emergency fire fighting
  activities

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Common Illicit Discharges

• Our focus oil, grease, gasoline, paints, yard
  wastes, garbage, household chemicals, and
  pesticides
• Cause for concern chlorinated pool water,
  cigarette butts, sanitary sewer flows, commercial
  car wash wastewater, construction debris, and
  food wastes

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Clean-Up Procedure

• Yard Waste Compost Pile
• Garbage
• Paper Litter Recycle
• Plastic Bottles Recycle

Source http//www.bidisposal.com/images/YARDWASTE
.jpg
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Clean-Up Procedure

• Motor Oil, Gasoline, Grease, Paint
• Shut off all possible ignition sources
• Transfer excess pollutant into spill proof
  container.
• Remove remaining residue use an absorbent such as
  earth, sand, or vermiculite.

Source http//www.homedepot.com/cmc_upload/HDUS/E
N_US/asset/images/eplus/130232_3.jpg
Source http//www.phasmidsincyberspace.com/Pictur
es/Vermiculite.JPG
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Clean-Up Procedure

• Acid/Base
• Neutralize an acid with soda ash, sodium
  bicarbonate, or lime
• Neutralize a base with citric acid or dilute
  hydrochloric acid
• Liquid Detergent
• Transfer into another container
• Remove residue with absorbents
• Flush with water

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Safety Equipment

• Safety Goggles
• Rubber or Nitrile Gloves
• Respirator
• Protective Clothing

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Source http//www.ritop.com/information/images/ya
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Environmental Impact

• If any discharge enters the stormwater sewer
  contact the National Emergency Response Center
• Absorbent pillow can be used to contain the
  pollutant until remediation can occur
• It is important to act quickly to prevent
  substantial damage to the ecosystem.

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Employee Training

• Employee training is crucial in pollution
  prevention
• The EPA recommends at a minimum the following in
  a program
• Maintenance training
• Maintenance schedules
• Long-term inspection training
• Procedure for properly disposing of waste when
  removed from storm sewers
• Ability to transfer knowledge through public
  education
• Finance planning for enough funding

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Employee Training

• Options for training procedures
• Visual posters, bulletin boards
• Verbal employee meetings, courses
• Field training hands-on demonstrations

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Employee Training

• Record process of training programs
• Senior management involvement is vital

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Employee Training

• Advantages
• Cost effective
• Easily implement able
• Able to be Duplicate/ can be standardized
• Disadvantages
• Senior management apathy
• Employee lack of motivation
• Lack of Incentives to become involved

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Prioritization

• List all illicit disposal incidents that have
  been reported but not yet investigated and place
  in one of the following categories
• Hazardous, affecting public health and safety
• Hazardous, affecting the environment (receiving
  waters, air, etc)
• Hazardous, affecting property
• Hazardous, other
• Non-hazardous, affecting public health and safety
• Non-hazardous, affecting the environment
  (receiving waters, air, etc)
• Non-hazardous, affecting property
• Remaining incidents

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Emergency Procedure

• Contact the Fire Department immediately with
  information
• Type/cause of incident
• Types of chemicals involved
• Resources available on site
• Possible injured personnel

Source http//www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/inci
dents/willapa/willapaphotos/willabase.jpg
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Haz-Mat

• Hazardous Materials Division
• Within the Kansas State Fire Marshals Office
• Supports local first responders by isolating
  hazardous materials
• Accidents and/or Acts of Terrorism

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Haz-Mat

• Kansas Haz-Mat Response Team
• Within the state boundaries, regardless of local
  government jurisdiction

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Haz-Mat

• Regional Response Teams
• Coffeyville
• Colby
• Emporia
• Ford County
• Hays
• Manhattan
• Newton

• Overland Park
• Salina
• Sedgwick County
• Seward County
• Topeka
• Wellington

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Haz-Mat

• Kansas State Fire Marshals Office
• Teams can respond to most areas in Kansas within
  an hour or less
• Can haz-mat incidents and accidents as well as
  terrorist events
• Chemical
• Biological
• Radiological
• Nuclear (CBRN)

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Haz-Mat

• To Request a Response Team
• Call the toll-free hotline
• (1-866-KHAZMAT)
• Call the group pager
• (785-357-3261)
• website
• (www.myairmail.com)

Both hotline and website forward to the group
pager
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Conclusions

• Manhattan has accomplished two out of the six
  minimum control measures.
• Public education and outreach
• Public participation and involvement
• Recommendations to accomplish next minimum
  control measure
• Two or more city workers become trained in
  hazardous materials protocol
• Obtain a MSDS database
• Keep on hand absorbents such as sand, earth and
  vermiculite.

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Acknowledgements

• Dr. Alok Bhandari, Team Advisor
• Steve Hampton, Assistant City Engineer

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Questions?