INIS Hsten 2002, 2. Forelesning Network architecture , UMTS and WLAN

1
INIS Høsten 2002, 2. ForelesningNetwork
architecture , UMTS and WLAN

• Themes
• Highlight of the Internet history (and future)
• Open Network architecture
• Introduction to UMTS and WLAN
• Literature
• Hannemyr, Jansen Nielsen, Lunde Mjøvik,
  Leiner et al, Abate
• Naughton, J A brief history of Internet
• Note Guest lecture on the same theme
• 13.9 Håkon Bryhni, Birdstep (9-10.15 Lille aud.)

2
The history of Internet

• Some questions
• Describe (at least) three basic ideas behind
  Internet , and why they were important
• Why do you believe Internet have succeeded?

3
Some important events..

• 1961 4 nodes of Arpanet established as a
  research project
• 1969-70 The first IMP and NCP-implementation
• 1972 First mail
• 1973 Link to Norway (NDRE- Kjeller P.
  Spilling)
• 1980-81 NSF-net connects Universities
• (3 tiered structure Arpanet, X.25 and dial-up ),
  including Bitnet, UUCP
• 1983 IP/TCP replaces NCP
• 1884 DNS
• 1987-88 The Nordunet connected through the
  Nordunet-plug
• 1989 Arpanet gt Internet as a web of
  interconnected, but independent networks, It goes
  commercial
• 1991 Tim Berner-Lee deploys WWW.
• .

4
Some basic ideas

• Memex (Vannevar Bush) and Hypertext (Nelson)
• Packet switching and datagrams (Kleinrock)
• Distributed, digital and redundancy (Baran)
• IMPs how to avoid n(n-1)/2 (Kahn)
• Symmetric protocols (NCP, SMTP. FTP.)
• Open Architecture Networking
• TCP/IP and black boxes routers/gateways (Cerf,
  Kahn)
• Open network of independent network and No global
  control
• Best offer service transmit and retransmit
• End-to-End responsibilities for error check, flow
  control
• Domain Name System
• Incorporation of TCP/IP in Unix BSD
• Ethernet technology (Metcalfe, Xerox Parc)
• WWW URL, HTTP and HTML

5
Basic ideas -2

• Its roots in academic tradition and basic
  research philosophy
• The openness free flow of ideas and innovations
• Open access to all documents
• RFC (Request for proposals)
• The public funding of the development (and
  diffusion)
• Academic and research network infrastructures
  like NSFnet, HEPnet, JANET, NordUNet,..
• The formation of open communities
• Peer institutions as IAB, IETF, W3C
• The gift economy
• .
• .

6
Open Network Architecture

• Open, well-defined layers, protocols and service
  interfaces
• Each layers has distinct functions and services
• Non-proprietary protocol standards
• Each network can stand on its own, and connect to
  other networks without internal changes
• Different networks are connected through gateways

7
The OSI modell
8
Comparison of Internet and ISO-protocols
9
Radio TelecommunicationSharing the air

• - Range of transmission and location of antenna
• Suited for different antenna sizes
• Different ranges of transmition
• Bands ULF, VLF, LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF and
  EHF
• Noise
• Cells
• Schemas for sharing the air
• Roaming
• Regulation (use and strength of signal)
• Security
• Cost sharing and billing

10
Mobile Communications Basic concepts

• The Cell concept
• limited coverage to avoid blocking the air
• Sharing the air
• FDMA (Radio) Frequency division multiple
  access
• TDMA(GSM ) Time Division multiple access
• CSMA/CA (WLAN) Carrier Sense, multiple Access,
  Collision Avoidance
• CDMA (UMTS) Code division multiple access
• DSSP _ Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

11
Mobile CommunicationsThree classes

• Mobile telecommunication Systems
• 2. Generation GSM, 2G GPRS,
• 3. G UMTS (phase 1 and phase 2 )
• WLAN
• 802.11 (a, b, g) LAN standard Interfaces
• Others like HomeRF
• Direct Link /Ad-hoc networks
• IrDA Infrared
• Bluetooth

12
Basic Wireless LAN communication

• Access controll
• Authentication
• Cryptation

Internet
Mobile device
Fixed home LAN
Access point
Fixed public LAN hot-spot
Mobile device

• Roaming
• Billing
• Revenue sharing

13
Basic UMTS communication
Internet
Mobile Phone/device
Base station
Fixed Network
Base station
Service providers
Fixed Phone
Mobile Phone/device
Content providers
14
Differences in technlogy
15
UMTS actors
16
Actors
17
Critical issues

• Services developed by third parties
• Evil circles
• Changing regulation of UMTS licences
• New licence in Norway
• Less strict requirements for licencees
• Inhibits cooperation
• Favours large monopoly telecommunications actors
  the third party service providers are neglected
• .....