Water, water, everywhere

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Water, water, everywhere???
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If the World Were A Village of 100 People

• 82 would have access to a source of clean water
• 40 would have malaria
• 8 additional people would get it every year

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• Lack of safe water and sanitation is the worlds
  single largest cause of illness. In 2002, 42 per
  cent of households had no toilets, and one in six
  people had no access to safe water.
• The toll on children is especially high. About
  4,500 children die each day from unsafe water and
  lack of basic sanitation facilities. Countless
  others suffer from poor health, diminished
  productivity and missed opportunities for
  education.

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Thirsty?
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• The young and the old are particularly
  vulnerable. Over 90 per cent of deaths from
  diarrhoreal diseases due to unsafe water and
  sanitation in the developing world occur in
  children below 5 years old.
• The poor are especially hard hit. A child born in
  Europe or the United States is 520 times less
  likely to die from diarrhoeal disease than an
  infant in sub-Saharan Africa, where only 36 per
  cent of the population can access hygienic
  sanitation.

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Carrying water (often miles)
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• Waterborne illnesses keep children out of school.
  A study of Jamaican students aged 9-12 found that
  children suffering from trichuriasis (a
  water-borne disease) were in classes only half as
  much as their uninfected peers. And when schools
  lack toilets, girls will often not attend.

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Water based diseases

• Anaemia Arsenicosis
• Ascariasis Campylobacteriosis.
• Cholera. Cyanobacterial Toxins
• Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever.
• Diarrhoea . Fluorosis
• Guinea-Worm Disease (Dracunculiasis).
• Hepatitis. Japanese Encephalitis.
• Lead Poisoning. Leptospirosis
• Malaria . Malnutrition .
• Methaemoglobinemia
• Onchocerciasis (River Blindness).
• Ringworm (Tinea) Scabies
• Schistosomiasis.
• Spinal Injury
• Trachoma. Typhoid and Paratyphoid Enteric Fevers.

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• Improving household drinking water can reduce
  diarrhea episodes by as much as 39 per cent on
  average, improvements to household sanitation
  facilities can reduce sickness from diarrhea by
  almost a third. Almost half of the nearly 2
  million deaths from diarrhea each year could be
  prevented through an understanding of basic
  hygiene.

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• Urban-rural disparities are striking. In 2002,
  only 37 per cent of rural inhabitants had access
  to basic toilets, against 81 per cent of urban
  dwellers. The disparities were greatest in Latin
  America and the Caribbean, with a difference of
  40 percentage points between rural and urban
  populations.

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• Women and girls are the water haulers of the
  world. On average, women and girls in developing
  countries walk 6 kilometers a day, carrying 20
  litres of water, greatly reducing the time they
  have for other productive work or for girls to
  attend school

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• In some cultural settings where basic sanitation
  is lacking, women and girls have to rise before
  dawn, making their way in the darkness to fields,
  railroad tracks and roadsides to defecate in the
  open, knowing they may risk rape or other
  violence in the process. In such circumstances,
  women and girls often go the whole day without
  relieving themselves until night affords them the
  privacy of darkness. Some-times, they limit their
  daytime intake of food and water so that they can
  make it until evening. Without toilets in
  schools, girls must go in the open that is, if
  they are even allowed to attend. For many girls,
  the onset of adolescence means the end of
  school.

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Water distribution center(drought period)
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Malaria a person dies every 30 sec
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If the World Were this Classroom of 20

• 16 of you would have access to a source of clean
  water
• 8 of you would have malaria
• And another 3 of you would get it every 2 years

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According to UNICEF

• 2.6 billion people- about 40 of the worlds
  population- lack basic sanitation facilities
• 1.2 billion people drink from unsafe sources of
  water
• 3.5 million children die each year from diseases
  related to contaminated water

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