Science web site

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Evolution of the New Jersey Shelf Observing
System Josh Kohut, Scott Glenn, Oscar
Schofield and MANY Others Coastal Ocean
Observation Lab Rutgers University
Science web site http//marine.rutgers.edu/cool
Operational web site http//www.thecoolroom.org
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CODAR Installations near Fedje
Nautøy
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Where is our New Jersey Shelf Observing System
located?
A T L A N T I C O C E A N
G U L F O F M E X I C O
P A C I F I C O C E A N
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Motivation
FOR A SINGLE PARTICLE
Observations
Models
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30 X 30 km LEO CPSE An Integrated Observatory
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The COOLroom Operational Collaboratory
COOLroom Skunk Works Model
COOLroom War Room Model
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New Jersey Coastal Upwelling
Barnegat
Cape May
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Seasonal temperature variation is the primary
signal. Summer upwelling is 2nd
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Causes of Hypoxia/Anoxia
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Hypoxia/Anoxia Bottom Bathymetry
Warsh NOAA 1989
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Modeled Effect of Bathymetric Variability on
Upwelling
1 m/s current velocity
Along shore subsurface deltas cause upwelling to
be 3d, not 2d.
North
wind

Barnegat delta
LEO delta
Cape May delta
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Month Long Experimental Effort
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Atmosphere/Ocean Physical/Biological Forecast
Models
Operational Low-Res COAMPS Atmospheric Model
Experimental High-Res COAMPS Atmospheric Model
Air-Sea Interaction Model
ROMS Ocean Model (KPP and MY 2.5 Turbulent
Closure)
Bottom Boundary Layer Model
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Surface and Bottom Floats
Depth (m)
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Real-time Ensemble Forecasts
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Real-Time Ensemble Validation
Thermistor

• In an observationally rich
• environment, ensemble forecasts
• can be compared to real-time data
• to assess which model is closer to reality
• and try to understand why.

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Phytoplankton off the coast of Florida
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Hindcast sensitivity studies
Measured
Total Chlorophyll Measured 3-5 mg Chl a m-3
Diatom Chlorophyll Modeled 2-3 mg Chl a m-3
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Adaptive Sampling with Aircraft Sensors
Spectral Technology Innovation Research SPECTIR
NOAA Citation PHILLS II
NASA AVIRIS
Antanov NRL PHILLS
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Adaptive Sampling with REMUS AUVs
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AUV Deployment
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AUV underwater after being deployed
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Ship-to-Shore Communications
Towed Instruments
Profiling Instruments
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How was this adaptive sampling network used?
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Red Tide Observed at 790 nm on 22 July 2000 With
the PHILLS Sensor
100 meters
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Bioluminescence Potential
1e6
4e10
Photons/sec/ml
0
6
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Depth (m)
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a
0
1.0
2.0
Distance (km)
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Ship Grid Patterns
BL Isosurfaces
1E10 ph/s/35L
0
3E11 ph/s/.35L
Depth (m)
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Latitude (5km)
Longitude (2km)
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BL Isosurfaces
5E10ph/s/.35L
1E11ph/s/.35L
Depth (m)
Latitude (300m)
Longitude (500m)
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250
40
40
200
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CPSE
Joint Sediment Study
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of Research Institutions
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Traditional NSF Ocean Study
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10
10
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0
0
0
0
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
Year
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Who else uses the data?
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COOL Web Site Hits
Rutgers Web Site Statistics
Over 41 million to date (Over 13 million in
2001)
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Rutgers Web Site Statistics
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Where have we been?
Satellites CODAR Node/Moorings Ships/AUVs Gliders
Sustained
1998-2001
Integrated
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Where do we go from here?
Satellites CODAR Node/Moorings Ships/AUVs Gliders
Sustained
2001?
Integrated
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New Jersey Shelf Observing System (NJ-SOS)
300 X 300 km NJSOS An Integrated Sustained
Observatory
Satellites,
RADAR, Gliders
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Satellites
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International Constellation of Ocean Color
Satellites
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FY-1D Sept. 12, 2002 1338 GMT
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Phills _bbb555_Arnone Smoothed July 31, 2001
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CODAR HF Radar
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Nested Multi-Static CODAR Array
Beach
Buoys
Boats
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CODAR HF Radar Currents
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Radial Velocity Map
Brant Beach Site
Brigantine Site
25 km
A
25 cm/s
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Test
1998 1999 2000
2001 2002
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GPS Synchronization Bistatic
Monostatic HF-Radar
Bistatic HF-Radar
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GPS Synchronization Bistatic
Ship to Shore
Monostatic
Bistatic
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R/V Endeavor Cruise Track (12/1/2001 12/8/2001)
Standard Bistatic Buoy
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GPS Synchronization Bistatic
Buoy to Shore
Monostatic
Bistatic
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GPS Synchronization Bistatic
Ship to Shore
R/V Endeavor University of Rhode Island
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R/V Endeavor Cruise Track (12/1/2001 12/8/2001)
Standard Bistatic Buoy
Long-range Bistatic
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GPS Synchronization Bistatic
Ship to Shore
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CODAR HF Radar Ship-tracking
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Bragg Peaks from a Moving Transmitter (4.66 MHz)
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R/V Endeavor Ship Track (December 2001)
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Tracking the R/V EndeavorDecember 2, 2001
Solid Lines Are GPS Track Points Are Radar Track

• Radial velocity (range rate) from Doppler is
  most accurate
• Range quantized in 10 km steps
• No attempt yet at track precision
  improvement with Kalman filter algorithm

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CODAR HF Radar A nested multi-static array
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Single Monostatic System
Monostatic Systems
Bistatic Transmitters
Number of Looks
1 0 1
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Monostatic Network
Monostatic Systems
Bistatic Transmitters
Number of Looks
5 0 5
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Multi-static Network
Monostatic Systems
Bistatic Transmitters
Number of Looks
5 0 5
5 5 25
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Multi-static Network with buoy
Monostatic Systems
Bistatic Transmitters
Number of Looks
5 0 5
5 5 25
5 6 30
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Long-Range Current Coverage 5 Coastal Sites 1
Buoy 6 km Resolution
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Standard-Range Coverage 2 Coastal Sites 1
Buoy 1 km Resolution
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Short-Range Coverage 3 Coastal Sites 200-300m
resolution
10 km
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Still Required
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Webb Gliders
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Slocum Electric Glider
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Slocum Electric Glider Communication
Iridium Antenna
ARGOS and FreeWave Antennas
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Long-Duration Glider AUVs
RF Repeater
ADCP vs. Glider Drift Comparison
Temperature Cross Section July 19,
2000
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How do we build a Smart Glider Fleet?
Use Agent Oriented Software- For Self-aware
Self-controlled Robots
Collaborative Society of Glider
Software Agents
NASAs Deep Space 1 Fly-by of Comet Borrelly
KNOWLEDGE
DECISION MAKING
SENSORS
REPRESENTATION

PLANNING
KNOWLEDGE BASE
REASONING
COMMUNICATION
SITUATION
MODELLING
COMMUNICATION
PROTOCOLS
Glider Fleet Mission Status Panel
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Thanks Mote Marine
High Resolution And Hyperspectral Maps
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A Real-time Example of a Regional Observatory
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NJSOS
NEOS Northeaster Oct 16, 2002
GoMOOS
MVCO
LEO 15
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New Jersey Shelf Observing System (In Situ Data)
Storm Center
(GMT)
Met Tower Data
Storm Center
Storm Center
(GMT)
(EST)
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MVCO Realtime Data
Eye of the Storm
Met Mast
View from Met Mast
Ocean Node
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GoMOOS Moored Buoy Program at the University of
Maine
Wind Speed
Significant Wave Height
Wind Direction
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Spatial Maps 10/16/2002 0700 GMT
1002 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/16/2002 1500 GMT
991 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/16/2002 1800 GMT
989 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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10/17/2002 0000 GMT
992 mb
Contour resolution 1 mb
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Ocean Response to a Northeaster
FY-1D (Chinese Satellite Locally Acquired In
Real Time)
Before the Storm
After the Storm
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SeaWiFS (US Satellite from a National
Center 2-Days Later)
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Technology Partnerships

• Remote Sensing
• Coastal ocean algorithms NRL, U. Maine,
  NOAA/NESDIS, FERI
• International constellation of satellites
  SeaSpace Inc., NRL

• HF Radar
• MultiStatic Network-CODAR
• NEOS Backbone GOMOOS, UNC, U. Maryland
• Ship Tracking/SAR- CODAR, Applied Mathematics Inc.

• Gliders
• Autonomous Control Webb Reserch Inc.
• Red-Tide Tracking Mote, Cal-Poly, NRL

• Modeling
• Physical/Bio-Optical Modeling FERI
• Sediment Transport USGS, WHOI

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Whats Missing?
Practical Training in an Operational Environment

• How do we fix this?
• Change in academic philosophy
• Education program linked to an Operational
  Observatory
• Internships at Government Labs
• Co-ops with Industrial Partners

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Rutgers University Masters in Operational
Oceanography
Purpose
Provide background training and hands-on
experience to masters-level marine science
students in an operational coastal ocean
observatory.
Duration 3 summers, 2 academic years
Requirements 24 course credits, 6 research
credits Master Thesis defense
Partners California Polytechnic State
University Mote Marine Laboratory
Florida University of Alaska Fairbanks Norway
Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center
(NERSC) Institute of Marine Research Norwegian
Meteorological Institute
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Rutgers University Masters in Operational
Oceanography
Courses (3 credits each)
Background Core Courses (9 credits)
Physical Oceanography (PO) IMCS
Faculty Biological Oceanography (BO) IMCS
Faculty Chemical Oceanography (CO) IMCS
Faculty Marine Geology (MG) Geology
Faculty Earth System History (ESH) Paul
Falkowski
Operational Core Courses (9 credits)
Coastal Ocean Observing Systems (COOS) Scott
Glenn Oscar Schofield Ocean Data Analysis
(ODA) Robert Chant Coastal Ocean Estuarine
Dynamics (COED) John Wilkin Dale Haidvogel
Optional Courses (6 credits)
Remote Sensing (RS) Jim Miller Scott Glenn
Waves, Current Sediment Transport (WCST)
Scott Glenn Estuarine and Sediment Processes
(ESP) Robert Chant Numerical Modeling I II
(NM-I NM-II) Dale Haidvogel Microbial Dynamics
(MD) Oscar Schofield Large Scale Dynamics (LSD)
Dale Haidvogel Radiative Transfer (RT) Dana
Lane
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Rutgers University Masters in Operational
Oceanography
Sample Class Schedules
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World Ocean Observation System (WOOS) 1995-2025
I walk into our control room, with its panoply
of views of the sea. There are the updated global
pictures from the remote sensors on satellites,
there the evolving maps of subsurface variables,
there the charts that show the position and
status of all our Slocum scientific platforms,
and I am satisfied that we are looking at the
ocean more intensely and more deeply than anyone
anywhere else. - Henry
Stommel, The SLOCUM Mission, 1989